Duk game da hauhawar farashin kaya

Menene hauhawar farashin kayayyaki? Tattalin arzikin yana ci gaba da tafiya tun lokacin da wayewa ta fara mu'amalarsa ta farko. Tun daga wannan lokacin har zuwa yau, sabbin kayayyaki da ayyuka suna tasowa koyaushe, don haka farashin ya bambanta daga lokaci zuwa lokaci.

Ana iya samun waɗannan kayayyaki godiya ga kuɗaɗen hukuma na ƙasashe daban-daban ko ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa, misali Yuro a cikin Tarayyar Turai.

A wannan ma'anar, dukkan ƙasashe suna da ma'auni daban-daban don nazarin juyin halittar tattalin arzikinsu da abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikinsa. Daya daga cikin abin da ya fi kamari shi ne hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, wato yawan hauhawar farashin kayayyaki wanda ke haifar da raguwar karfin sayayya, da rage karfin saye da kuma ajiyar da suke samu.

Bari mu tafi

🥀 Menene hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a fannin tattalin arziki?

Za mu iya ayyana hauhawar farashin kaya a matsayin hauhawar farashin da ke faruwa a cikin kaya ko ayyuka na wani ɗan lokaci. Hakanan ana iya bayyana shi azaman raguwar darajar kuɗi. Mafi girman hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, ƙarancin kayan da za mu iya cinyewa tare da adadin kuɗi iri ɗaya.

Ma'aunin ma'auni daidai gwargwado shine ma'aunin farashin mabukaci (CPI). Wannan fihirisar tana da tasiri kai tsaye akan hauhawar albashi, fansho, leases da sauran ra'ayoyi waɗanda aka canza bisa ga CPI.

🥀 Dalilan hauhawar farashin kayayyaki

Daga cikin abubuwan da suka haifar da canjin farashi akwai wasu abubuwan da suka fi dacewa da ke haifar da tasirin hauhawar farashin kayayyaki. Mafi mahimmanci shine rashin daidaituwa da ke faruwa a tsakanin wadata da bukata, saboda gaskiyar cewa masu amfani da yawa suna buƙatar kayan da ba kasafai ba.

Duk da haka, wajibi ne a ba da wannan mahimmanci ga akasin halin da ake ciki: yawan wadatar da aka samu kuma ba shi da kyau ga kasa, tun da ba a buƙatar ɗaukar shi kuma akasin haka ya faru ga hauhawar farashin kaya. watau deflation.

Duk da haka, dole ne a sarrafa lamarin na ƙarshe saboda rashin daidaituwa na iya faruwa a cikin tsarin idan, duk da cewa akwai kudi a kasuwa, buƙatar ba ta karu ba.

🥀 Nau'u ko digiri na hauhawar farashin kaya

Da zarar mun ga abubuwan da ke haifar da haɓakar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, dole ne mu san matakan da zai iya faruwa:

✔️ Matsakaicin hauhawar farashin kayayyaki

Wannan ƙaramin haɓaka ne na farashin, wanda baya wuce 10% a kowace shekara. Anan karuwar farashin ya kasance tsakanin 2% da 4%, wanda ke sama da abin da masana tattalin arziki ke ganin ya dace da ci gaban tattalin arziki, amma bai yi yawa ba. An yi la'akari da cewa a wadannan matakan bankunan tsakiya suna da isassun makamai da za su yi aiki da kuma mayar da wannan matakin na hauhawar farashin kaya zuwa wani yanki na sarrafawa.

✔️ Tashin farashin kayayyaki

Yana da mummunan tasiri ga tattalin arzikin kasa yayin da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ke karuwa zuwa ninki biyu ko sau uku a shekara. Ta hanyar rage darajar kuɗi, mutane sun fi mayar da hankali ga amfani da su a kan buƙatun yau da kullun.

✔️ hyperinflation

Wannan hasashe na ƙarshe na nuni da cewa al'umma ta faɗa cikin mawuyacin hali na tattalin arziki. A cewar Steve Hanke, farfesa a Jami'ar Johns Hopkins, a wata hira da BBC: "Ta hanyar al'ada, masu sana'a na tattalin arziki sun yarda cewa hauhawar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya kasance yayin da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya wuce kashi 50% a kowane wata. A sakamakon haka, darajar kudin ta fadi.

Lokacin da gagarumin karuwar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya kasance tare da tabarbarewar tattalin arziki, akwai tabarbarewar tattalin arziki: ra'ayi wanda aka kirkiro ma'anarsa tare da rikicin mai na shekarun 1970 tare da mummunar tasirin karuwar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki tare da raunin tattalin arziki a kasashe da dama.

✔️ Haɓaka hauhawar farashin kayayyaki

Ƙaruwar farashi ce ta wuce 3-4% amma ba ya kai 10% a kowace shekara. Idan lamari ne na wucin gadi, kamar yadda ya faru a farkon 2021 saboda tasirin kwatancen tare da matsakaicin rabin farkon 2020, ba babbar matsala ba ce, amma idan ta ci gaba a kan lokaci, zaizayar da take haifarwa na tanadi shima. mai karfi sosai.

🥀 Ta yaya hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ke shafar tattalin arziki?

✔️ Haɓakar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a matakin macroeconomic

Lokacin da muka yi magana game da sakamakon hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a matakin macroeconomic, na farko a fili shine hauhawar farashin. Wato komai ya fi tsada kamar yadda muka fada a farko. Za mu iya saya ƙasa da iri ɗaya, wanda a ƙarshe ya shafi walat ɗin mu, kamar yadda za mu gani daga baya.

Tabbas, dole ne mu bayyana a fili cewa hauhawar farashin kayayyaki bai kamata ya zama kalma mai ma'ana mara kyau ba: ƙananan hauhawar farashin kaya ko sarrafawa yana nuna mana cewa tattalin arzikin ƙasa yana cikin kyakkyawan yanayi na ci gaba, tunda ƴan ƙasa ba sa rasa ikon saye da siye. cewa mutane suna cinyewa, a tsakanin sauran alamomi.

An yi la'akari da hauhawar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki yana da amfani ga tattalin arzikin ƙasa, musamman don guje wa yiwuwar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki.

✔️ Ta yaya hauhawar farashin kaya ke shafar tanadi?

Dangane da yadda hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ke shafar ajiyarmu, za mu iya samun hanyoyi daban-daban. Babban hauhawar farashin kayayyaki yana shafar tattalin arzikinmu na ƙasa yayin da muka rasa ikon siye ta hanyar samun kuɗinmu "a ƙarƙashin katifa".

Wato idan kudinmu ya tsaya kuma hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya karu, sannu a hankali za ta rasa kimarta. hauhawar farashin kaya zai cinye shi. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa muke yawan magana akan " dodo hauhawa ".

Idan ana maganar albashi, gwamnati ta kara yawa mafi karancin albashi interprofessional idan ya karu, Amma ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba. Dangane da albashi, idan hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya tashi, gwamnati ta kan kara mafi karancin albashi.

Sannan kuma idan ana maganar bayar da lamuni, ya kamata mu lura cewa, idan hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya zarce yadda ake tsammani, bankunan tsakiya na kara yawan kudin ruwa, don hana su tada zaune tsaye. Don haka, idan, alal misali, kuna da jinginar gida m sha'awa, biyan ku zai ƙaru.

Idan ba ku son asarar kuɗi tare da hauhawar farashin kaya, mafita ita ce zuba jari. Kuɗaɗen juna su ne manyan maƙiyan hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, tunda suna ba mu damar dawo da kuɗin mu ta hanyar hana su rage darajar lokaci idan an daina su.

✔️ Sauran sharuddan da suka shafi hauhawar farashin kayayyaki

• Alaka: Jihar ta wucin gadi tana motsa tattalin arzikin don shawo kan koma bayan tattalin arziki.
• Rushewa: Farashin yana tashi, amma ƙasa da baya, wanda ke rage yawan hauhawar farashin kayayyaki.
• Babban hauhawar farashin kayayyaki: Madaidaicin bayanai ne ko mai nuna alama wanda ke nuna bambancin farashin mabukaci a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Ya yi watsi da rashin kwanciyar hankali da farashin makamashi ke haifarwa, da sauransu.
• Stagflation: Yana faruwa ne lokacin da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da rashin aikin yi suka tashi a lokaci guda yayin da ake samun koma baya a cikin GDP a lokutan rikicin tattalin arziki.