Chifukwa chiyani kusanthula ndikumvetsetsa banki yachisilamu?

Ndi kuchepa kwa misika, zambiri zachuma ndizo tsopano ikuwulutsidwa padziko lonse lapansi komanso munthawi yeniyeni. Izi zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa zongopeka zomwe zimabweretsa kusakhazikika kwakukulu m'misika ndikuwululira mabanki. Choncho, Finance de Demain, ikufuna kukuwonetsani zifukwa zomwe kuli kofunikira kusanthula ndikumvetsetsa mabanki achisilamu kuti muthe kugulitsa bwino.

Koma poyambira, apa pali ena Malangizo ndi njira zopangira ndikukula zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukulitsa kampani yanu kapena bizinesi yanu mosavuta.

🌿 Chifukwa chiyani Islamic Finance?

Mavuto azachuma a 2008, chifukwa chomwe chinali chongopeka, chinapangitsa kuti zitheke kumvetsetsa kuti dongosolo lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi lakhala lodziwika bwino komanso laluso. Ziribe kanthu njira zoyendetsera zomwe zidzakhazikitsidwe pa izo kuti mupewe zovuta zomwe zingachitike, adzapanga njira zowazungulira.

Komabe, mabanki otchedwa Chisilamu apulumuka mozizwitsa pavutoli. Kulimba mtima uku kungafotokozedwe ndi mfundo yakuti, mwachidziwitso, samachita zokonda ndipo musaganize.

Choyamba, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti kudalirana kwachuma ndi chimodzi mwazotsatira za kudalirana kwachuma. Kudalirana kwa mayiko kumeneku kwabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu mu filosofi ndi kachitidwe ka chuma chamakampani.

Kudalirana kwachuma kumeneku, komwe kumadziwika ndi kufunafuna phindu kosatha, mwachiwonekere kumakhudza chiwongoladzanja cha chiwongoladzanja, kulingalira ndi kusungitsa ndalama zomwe zimakhalabe zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto azachuma a 2008.

Choncho, ife tsopano tikusowa dongosolo lazachuma lomwe adzaika anthu pakati pa chuma osatinso yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito Munthu ngati chida chothandizira chuma.

Mwa kuyankhula kwina, dziko lapansi likufunika dongosolo lazachuma labwino kwambiri komanso lodalirika pazachuma. Wokhoza kuchepetsa chisalungamo ndi kusagwirizana pazachuma.

Ndalama zachisilamu, ngati pamlingo wongoyerekeza, zimakwaniritsa zonsezi. Iye ndi "udindo" wandalama » poti zakhazikika pakulemekeza kwambiri mfundo za malamulo achisilamu.

Ikudziwonetsera yokha ngati nthambi yazachuma zachisilamu, ndicholinga chokhazikitsa dongosolo lazachuma mogwirizana ndi Chisilamu. Mu 2008, Islamic Financial System (IFS) idasiyanitsidwa ndi zofanana zake pokana zovuta. 

Izi ndi zomwe zidakopa chidwi cha akatswiri ndi ochita kafukufuku omwe amadabwa ndi zifukwa zomwe zimatetezera chitetezo chake. M'malo mwake, SFI ikufuna kuwonanso Munthu ngati wopindula osatinso ngati "wozunzidwa" wachuma.

Ndicho chifukwa chake kulemekeza mfundo za chikhalidwe cha anthu, chilungamo ndi kuwonekera mu bizinesi ndilo mtengo waukulu womwe umasungidwa ndi kutetezedwa ndi dongosolo la zachuma.

🌿 Ndalama zachisilamu: pali kusiyana kotani poyerekeza ndi ndalama wamba?

Ndalama zachisilamu zimasiyananso ndi zomwe zimafanana ndi masomphenya ake achuma ndi ntchito. Ndipotu, zochitika zachuma ndi zachuma zomwe zikuchitika panthawi ya Mtumiki Muhammadi zimamutumikira makamaka ngati maziko.

M'malo mwake, ndalama zachisilamu zimadziwika ndi kuletsa chidwi komanso udindo wapagulu wandalama.

Ngakhale mabanki wamba amapeza ndalama zambiri kuchokera ku chiwongola dzanja, ma BI amakhazikika pakulemekeza mfundo yogawana phindu ndi zotayika pamakontrakitala azandalama omwe akhazikitsidwa pakati pa banki ndi anzawo.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali madera azachuma oletsedwa ndi malamulo a Sharia, i.e. Haram (mosiyana ndi halal).

Mwachitsanzo, masewera amwayi, zochitika zokhudzana ndi mowa, ulimi wa nkhumba, zida kapena makampani opanga mafilimu, ndi zina zotero.

Kuonetsetsa kuti ndalama ndi halal, pali komiti yoyang'anira mkati mwa mabanki. Komiti yoyang'anira ndalama iyi imachitika mwa njira ziwiri (02).

Njira yoyamba ndi ya munthu aliyense m'lingaliro lakuti Asilamu onse sayenera kuyika ndalama zawo ntchito zosagwirizana ndi chipembedzo chake. Lachiwiri ndi la chikhalidwe kapena bungwe.

Mabanki ndi ndalama zachisilamu zopangira ndalama zimapangidwa, kuwonjezera pa komiti ya oyang'anira ndi msonkhano waukulu, wa komiti yoyang'anira Sharia kapena komiti yamakhalidwe (the Bungwe la Sharia) omwe mamembala awo ali oima paokha.

Choncho, kutenga nawo mbali m'makampani omwe akugwira ntchito m'madera oletsedwa kumayenera kutsutsidwa ndi makomitiwa.

🌿 Chifukwa chiyani mufufuze mabanki achisilamu?

Ndalama zachisilamu ndi mwayi weniweni wogwiritsiridwa ntchito kuti ukhale wokhazikika pazachuma padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, mawu ena otsutsana amawona ngati " chinyengo” chobisika m’dzina la Chisilamu.

Choncho, nkhawa panopa ndi kudziwa.  Kodi Islamic Finance ndi Chisilamu cha njira kapena Chisilamu cha malekezero?

Zinthu zina zowona zimapangitsa kukhala kotheka kukayikira zambiri za kayendetsedwe kazachuma kameneka.

✔ choyamba, maiko omwe mwachiwonekere achisilamu m'malamulo monga Saudi Arabia akuwoneka ophatikizika kwambiri muulamuliro wa neoliberal motengera malingaliro awo ndikumira m'mabizinesi okhudza chiwongola dzanja.

Ngakhale tinkaganiza kuti mavuto azachuma atha kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2008, vuto la Dubai World Bank lidzabuka.

✔ Chachiwiri, Ntchito zamabanki achisilamu ziyenera kugwirizana ndi mfundo za malamulo achisilamu.

Kulephera kutsatira mfundozi kungawononge mbiri ya makampani onse. Komabe, mabanki satsatira mfundo zachipembedzo zimenezi nthaŵi zonse.

✔ chachitatu, Dongosolo lazachuma lachisilamu pakadali pano likukumana ndi zovuta zazikulu zokhudzana ndi kuwongolera kwake.

Ma BI, pazifukwa zofananiza ma statement azachuma, nthawi zonse amagwiritsa ntchito miyezo yowerengera ya IFRS. Komabe, miyezo iyi sinasinthidwe kwa iwo ngati tiyang'ana kwambiri zachipembedzo pazochita zawo zamabanki.

✔ Chachinayi, Mabanki achisilamu samangoyang'anizana ndi zopinga ndi zoopsa zina, kupitilira zoopsa zamabanki, komanso zimadzutsa mafunso ozama pakutsutsa lingaliro lachiwongola dzanja lomwe lingachepetse chitukuko chake.

Kuti athane ndi vuto ili, amapereka zinthu zodula kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi ma BC.

✔ Chachisanu, chikhalidwe cha mabanki achisilamu ' intermediation zachuma zimawapangitsa kukhala sachedwa mavuto mabungwe kuposa anzawo wamba.

🌿 Chifukwa chiyani buku la kusanthula kwa mabanki achisilamu?

Chikhumbo chathu cholemba ntchito pamabanki achisilamu chagona mtundu weniweni wa zochita zawo. Sikuti amangofunika kulemekeza mfundo zapamwamba zazachuma, komanso kulemekeza mfundo zachisilamu.

M'malo mwake, bungwe la SFI limalimbikitsa zandalama zamakhalidwe abwino komanso zodalirika zomwe zingakhazikitse chuma padziko lonse lapansi.

Kuchita zinthu mosapita m’mbali ndi chilungamo m’bizinesi, kuteteza chilengedwe, kulemekeza ulemu wa munthu ndiponso kuopa Mulungu, n’zimene zili zofunika kwambiri pa dongosolo lazachumali. Ndi pazifukwa izi kuti ntchitoyi imadzisiyanitsa ndi yomwe ilipo pamabanki.

🌿 Kodi bukuli linalembedwera yani?

Bukuli lakonzedwa kuti anthu ambiri azimvetsera. Aliyense amene ali ndi chidwi ndi ndalama zachisilamu adzapeza m'ntchitoyi zinthu zomwe zimayankhidwa ndi nkhawa zokhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka makampani a mabanki achisilamu, zinthu zandalama zomwe amapereka komanso zenizeni za ndondomeko zawo zachuma poyerekeza ndi zofanana zawo.

Kuti timvetse bwino ntchitoyi, tinayesetsa kudziyika tokha m'malo mwa munthu yemwe akuyandikira ndalama zachisilamu kwa nthawi yoyamba.

Pachifukwa ichi, cholinga chathu chakhala kuwunikira zinthu zomwe ophunzira kapena akatswiri amapeza kapena ayenera kupeza chidwi pakuphunzira kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zachisilamu.

Dinani apa kuti mugule

Bukuli lakonzedwa m'machaputala asanu ndi awiri (07).

✔ Mutu 1 ikupereka zifukwa zopangira mutuwo. Tisanapereke zifukwa izi, timapereka chidziwitso chokhudza ndalama zamabanki.

✔ Mutu 2 ikuwonetsa makampani azachuma achisilamu onse. Imapereka SFI kuchokera ku chiyambi chake mpaka momwe zinthu ziliri, kuphatikizapo mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito.

✔ Mutu 3 ikuwonetsa magwiridwe antchito a mabanki achisilamu. Apa, tikuwonetsa mitundu ya zoopsa ndi njira zowongolera zoopsa zomwe mabanki achisilamu amakumana nazo.

✔ Mutu 4 ikuwonetsa kayendetsedwe ka makampani aku banki achisilamu. Imatsutsana ndi kayendetsedwe ka mabanki wamba ku mabanki achisilamu.

✔ Mutu 5 imapereka malamulo owerengera ndalama zamabanki achisilamu. Apa, tikuwonetsa miyezo ndi njira zowerengera ndalama zomwe ma BI amagwiritsa ntchito pakuwerengera kwawo tsiku ndi tsiku.

✔ Mutu 6 imapereka zinthu zosiyanasiyana zandalama komanso zosakhala zandalama zomwe zimadziwika kuti halal zoperekedwa ndi mabanki achisilamu.

Kuphatikiza apo, limapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamakontrakitala (mgwirizano wandalama ndi mgwirizano wogawana nawo makamaka) woperekedwa ndi mabankiwa komanso malire awo polemekeza mfundo zachipembedzo.

✔ Mutu 7 pamapeto pake akuwonetsa zomwe zikuwonetsa ndalama zamabanki achisilamu poyerekeza ndi omwe amafanana nawo wamba.

Komabe, ngati mukufuna kuwongolera ndalama zanu m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndikupangira izi.

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