Umboni wa Ntchito, Umboni wa Chigawo ndi Umboni wa Nthawi Yapita

Umboni wa Ntchito, Umboni wa Mtengo, Umboni wa Nthawi Yapita, Chimenecho ndi chiyani? Mu blockchain yopatsidwa, midadada imalumikizidwa motsatira nthawi kuti palibe zomwe zilipo zomwe zingasinthidwe kapena kusinthidwa. Kukula kwa unyolo ndi njira iliyonse. Zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuwonjezera midadada yatsopano ndiyo njira yokhayo yosinthira a blockchain. M'malo ochezera a pagulu, node iliyonse imatha kukhala oyenerera kutenga nawo gawo pakupanga midadada yatsopano. Ndi ntchito ya Consus algorithm kusankha omwe node amakhala "ochita migodi" kapena otsimikizira.

Njira yolumikizirana ndiyofunikira. Imateteza dongosolo kuzinthu zoyipa zomwe zitha kuphwanya mwadala malamulo omwe adanenedwa kale kapena kuyesa kuchita zinthu zabodza kapena kuwukira kwa Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS). Kuti timvetsetse ndondomekoyi, tiyenera kumvetsetsa izi zitatu: Umboni wa Ntchito, Umboni wa Mtengo, Umboni wa Nthawi Yapita.

M'nkhaniyi ndikuwonetsani kusiyana pakati pa Umboni wa Ntchito, Umboni wa Mtengo, Umboni wa Nthawi Yapita. Koma choyamba, apa maphunziro a crypto-Jackpot zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wolemera ndi ma cryptocurrencies.

Tiyeni

Kodi Umboni Wa Ntchito kapena Umboni wa ntchito?

Decentralization inali gawo lalikulu la masomphenya oyambirira a cryptocurrencies. Kuti izi zitheke, njira inayenera kupezeka yotsimikizira zochitika popanda kulowererapo kwa mabungwe azachuma. Njira yoyamba yothetsera vutoli idatchedwa umboni wa ntchito kapena Umboni wa Ntchito.

La Umboni wa ntchito (PoW) ndi mtundu wowonjezera midadada yatsopano ku blockchain ya cryptocurrency. Ntchito, pankhaniyi, ndikupanga hashi yomwe imagwirizana ndi chandamale cha block yomwe ilipo. Wopambana mgodi wa cryptocurrency amapeza ufulu wowonjezera chipikacho ku blockchain ndikulandila mphotho.

Cryptocurrency iliyonse imakhala nayo kapena imasintha mu blockchain, yomwe ndi kaundula wapagulu wopangidwa ndi midadada yosinthira. Ndi cryptocurrencies amtundu "umboni wa ntchito", chipika chilichonse chochita chimakhala ndi hashi yake. Kuti chipikacho chitsimikizidwe, mgodi wa cryptocurrency uyenera kupanga hashi ya chandamale yomwe ili yocheperako kapena yofanana ndi block.

Kuti achite izi, ogwira ntchito m'migodi amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamigodi zomwe zimapanga mofulumira kuwerengera. Cholinga chake ndi kukhala woyamba mgodi kupeza hashi chandamale, monga iwo ndi amene angathe kusintha blockchain ndi kulandira cryptocurrency mphoto.

Ngati umboni wa ntchito umagwira ntchito bwino mu cryptocurrencies, izi ndichifukwa ndizovuta kupeza hashi yomwe mukufuna, koma osati kutsimikizira. Njirayi ndi yovuta mokwanira kuti iteteze kusinthidwa kwa zolemba zamalonda. Pa nthawi yomweyo, hashi chandamale chikapezeka, n'zosavuta kuti ochita migodi ena atsimikizire.

Chitsanzo cha Umboni wa Ntchito

Pano pali chitsanzo cha momwe Bitcoin amagwiritsira ntchito umboni wa ntchito kuti asunge umphumphu wa blockchain yake.

Zochita za Bitcoin zikachitika, zimadutsa poyang'ana chitetezo ndikumangiriridwa mu chipika kuti chikumbidwe. Bitcoin a aligorivimu umboni-wa-ntchito ndiye amapanga hashi kwa chipika. Algorithm yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Bitcoin ndi amatchedwa SHA-256, ndipo nthawi zonse imapanga ma hashe a zilembo 64.

Ochita migodi amathamangira kukhala oyamba kupanga hashi ya chandamale yomwe ili yotsika kuposa block hash. Wopambana atha kuwonjezera chipika chomaliza ku Bitcoin blockchain. Amalandiranso mphotho za bitcoin monga ndalama zachitsulo zomwe zangopangidwa kumene komanso ndalama zogulira. Kuchuluka kwa bitcoin kumayikidwa 21 miliyoni zidutswa, koma, kupitirira apo, ogwira ntchito m'migodi adzapitirizabe kulandira ndalama zothandizira ntchito yawo.

Umboni wa ntchito yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Bitcoin ikufuna kuwonjezera chipika chatsopano mphindi 10 zilizonse. Imachita izi posintha zovuta za migodi ya bitcoin kutengera momwe ochita migodi amawonjezera midadada mwachangu. Ngati migodi ikufulumira kwambiri, kuwerengera hashi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Zikapita pang'onopang'ono, zimakhala zosavuta.

Kodi Prof of Stake kapena Umboni wa Stake ndi chiyani?

Madivelopa a Ethereum adamvetsetsa koyambirira kuti umboni wa ntchito ungakhale ndi malire omwe pamapeto pake angafunikire kugonjetsedwera - ndipo, monga ma protocol a Decentralized Finance (kapena DeFi) yoyendetsedwa ndi Ethereum yakula kwambiri, blockchain yakhala ikuvutika kuti ipitirire, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri.

Prof of Stake (PoS) yatulukira ngati njira ina ya PoW. Ngakhale kupambana koyambirira kwa bitcoin, PoW sinathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira zopititsira patsogolo, ndipo pambuyo pake ma blockchains amafunikira scalability yayikulu komanso kuchuluka kwachangu.

Kuonjezera apo, machitidwe a PoW amatha kufunafuna mphamvu zochulukirapo pamagetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi oyendetsa migodi. PoS algorithm idawonetsedwa koyamba mu 2011 Bitcointalk. Peercoin anali woyamba kutengera izo mophatikiza ndi PoW, koma algorithm yogwirizana idafalikira mwachangu m'mitundu yake yonse.

Mosiyana ndi maukonde a PoW omwe amadalira ochita migodi, ma blockchains a PoS amasungidwa ndi ovomerezeka. Njira yotsimikizira mu PoS imatchedwa "kulipira“. Ngati node ikufuna kutenga nawo gawo pakupanga block, zomwe ziyenera kuchita ndikuyika chizindikiro chakwawo. Palibe chifukwa chowonongera magetsi kapena kugula zida zapadera.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Prof wa Ntchito ndi Prof wa Stake?

Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi chimodzi mwa kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa njira ziwiri zogwirizanitsa. Popeza ma blockchains mu Prof of Stake safuna kuti ogwira ntchito ku migodi aziwononga magetsi pazinthu zopanda ntchito (kupikisana kuti athetse chithunzi chomwecho), Prof wa Stake amalola maukonde kugwira ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa kwambiri.

Njira zonse zogwirizanirana zimakhala ndi zotsatira zachuma zomwe zimalanga kusokonezeka kwa maukonde ndikulepheretsa ochita zoipa. Pankhani ya umboni wa ntchito, chilango cha anthu ogwira ntchito m'migodi omwe amapereka chidziwitso chosavomerezeka kapena midadada ndi mtengo wozama wa makompyuta, mphamvu, ndi nthawi.

Potengera prof of stake, ndalama za crypto zomwe zimayikidwa ndi ovomerezeka zimakhala ngati chilimbikitso pazachuma kuchitapo kanthu pazabwino pa intaneti. Ngati wovomerezeka avomereza chipika choyipa, gawo lina la ndalama zomwe wapereka "zidzadulidwa" ngati chilango. Ndalama zomwe wovomerezeka angachepetsedwe zimadalira pa intaneti.

Kodi Umboni wa Nthawi Yapita Ndi Chiyani?

Zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti POET, kuvomerezana uku sikungokhala ndakatulo! Algorithm imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pama blockchains ololedwa ngati Hyperledger. PoET imagwiritsa ntchito kusankha mwachisawawa ngati lottery kusankha node yomwe ingapambane chipika chatsopano.

PoET idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu Hyperledger Sawtooth mu 2016/2017, yoyambitsidwa ndi Intel. THE " mineurs »ayenera kujowina kaye maukonde, kupeza satifiketi ya umembala. Akakhala mu netiweki, ma node amayenera kudikirira nthawi yayitali yomwe imasankhidwa mwachisawawa. Wogwira ntchito m'migodi ayenera kudikirira nthawi yoikika asanayambe kukumba chipika chatsopano mu blockchain.

Mu PoET, wochita mgodi wokhala ndi nthawi yochepa amasankhidwa kuti achite migodi nthawi yonseyi. Dongosololi limakonda kukhala lachilungamo ndipo limasankha ochita migodi ndi digiri yabwino yachisawawa. Simawononga magetsi ambiri ndipo ochita migodi akhoza” kugona » podikira nthawi yawo.

POeT idakhazikitsidwa ndi mapurosesa apadera opangidwa ndi Intel otchedwa SGX - Software Guard Extensions. SGX imalola kulekanitsa koyenera kwa kukumbukira kwa CPU komwe sikungapezeke kapena kusinthidwa. Zigawozi zimatchedwanso enclaves ndipo zimatha kupanga malamulo akutali ndi kukumbukira kukumbukira.

Ma enclaves okha ndi omwe angathe kupeza ndikusintha zomwe zasungidwa mu chipinda chino. Khodiyo ndi encrypted ndipo sangathe kufika kunja kwa enclave. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotetezeka kwambiri pazomwe zikuchitika mkati mwa enclave.

En Mapeto

Njira ya POeT imapanga nthawi yodikirira mwachisawawa kwa wogwira ntchito m'migodi, ndipo wogwira ntchito m'migodi amapeza nthawi yosainidwa kuchokera ku SGX trust code. Atadikira kuti nthawi ipite, mwana wamng’onoyo amalandira chikalata chosonyeza kuti wadikira nthawi yoyenera. Chidacho chikakumbidwa, woyendetsa mgodi amawulutsa chipikacho ndi satifiketi. Malinga ndi momwe blockchain idapangidwira, wochita mgodi atha kulandira kapena sangalandire mphotho yantchitoyo.

Izi ndi zomwe muyenera kudziwa za njira zotsimikizira ndi kutsimikizira mu blockchain. Koma musanachoke, apa pali a malizitsani maphunziro otumizira otsika omwe mungagule.