Zomwe muyenera kudziwa za ma bond ngati njira yopezera ndalama

Mukafuna ndalama, mumapita ku mabungwe azachuma kukapempha ngongole. Pamene mabizinesi kapena mabungwe aboma akufuna ndalama zambiri, amapereka ma bond.

Chinthu choyamba chimene chimabwera m'maganizo tikamalankhula za ndalama ndi msika wogulitsa. Ndizowona kuti dziko la equity ndi losangalatsa. Mayendedwe amsika amafalitsidwa m'manyuzipepala ndi pawailesi yakanema.

Kumbali ina, ma bond, si achigololo. Zolemba zozungulira mtundu uwu wazinthu zachuma zitha kuwoneka zosamveka kwa osadziwa. Kuphatikiza apo, zomangira ndizochulukirapo "cushy", makamaka pamsika wa ng'ombe, pamene akuwoneka kuti akupereka phindu lochepa poyerekeza ndi ndalama.

M'nkhaniyi, tikuwonetsani momwe mgwirizano ulili komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mwayi wake. Koma tisanayambe, apa Kodi adachita ndalama ndi zomwe adakumana nazo pa intaneti?

Tiyeni tizipita !!

🚀 Kodi mgwirizano ndi chiyani?

Bondi ndi chitetezero cha ngongole choperekedwa ndi mabungwe (kampani, boma kapena boma).

Limodzi mwa mabungwewa (Boma, dera kapena kampani) likafuna ndalama, ndalama zomwe angafune kukhala nazo zingafunike kukhalapo kwa ongongole angapo.

Pogula bondi, mutha kukhala m'modzi mwa ongongolewa, mwa kuyankhula kwina, potenga nawo gawo pakugula gawo lina langongole.

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Pakukhwima, kuwonjezera pa likulu lomwe lidzabwezedwe kwa inu, wamangawa nthawi ndi nthawi amavomereza kukulipirani (chaka chilichonse, miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse, kotala lililonse kapena mwezi uliwonse) kutengera chiwongola dzanja chomwe mwakhazikitsa.

🚀 Chitsanzo cha ndalama za bondi

Bungwe likufuna kupeza ngongole ya ma euro 10 miliyoni. Anaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito ngongole ya bondi yokhala ndi mtengo wokhazikika.

Poganizira kuti ndalamazo ndi zazikulu, amagawa ngongoleyi m'magawo 1 a £ 000 iliyonse. Izi zati, bond iliyonse yoperekedwa idzawononga 10 £. Kenako, imayika chiwongola dzanja pa 5% pa moyo wangongole wazaka 10.

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Ngati mukufuna imodzi mwamaubwenzi ake, ndiye kuti muli ndi mwayi wopeza imodzi.

Chifukwa chake ngati malipiro achitika chaka chilichonse, mudzalandira £ 500 chaka chilichonse kwa zaka 10. M'chaka chakhumi, wobwereka adzakubwezerani £ 500 yowonjezeredwa ku £ 10 yanu yoyamba. Choncho mudzakhala ndi ndalama £5000 yonse pazaka 10 (£500).

🚀 Mitundu yama bond

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma bond omwe amatha kusiyanitsidwa molingana ndi nthawi ya moyo kapena malinga ndi momwe alipire makuponi:

Zomangira ndi mtengo wokhazikika

Pachifukwa ichi, kuchuluka kwa nthawi, malipiro a chiwongoladzanja komanso a couponi amakhazikitsidwa pa nthawi ya kutulutsidwa kwa mgwirizanowu. Malipiro pa udindo ndi choncho nthawi zonse kubwezera kukhwima.

Mabondi okhala ndi mtengo wosinthika

Pano, kuchuluka kwa kuponi kudzadalira kusintha kwa msika (monga mlingo wa interbank monga Euribor) womwe umawonjezedwa mlingo wokhazikika.

Muyenera kukumbukira kuti kusuntha kwa msika kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi nthawi yokhazikika.

Zogwirizana ndi coupon zero

Pa nthawi yonse ya moyo wa mgwirizano, mgwirizano wamtunduwu sumapanga kuponi.

Ma Coupon Bonds Amodzi

Kuchuluka kwa makuponi pankhaniyi ndindalama zonse ndipo amalipidwa pakakhwima pa bondi iyi.

Ma bond mutha kuwasintha kukhala masheya

Pano, ma bond omwe mumagula amatha kusinthidwa kukhala magawo mu kampani yomwe ikupereka kutengera zomwe zidaperekedwa pomwe bondi idaperekedwa.

🚀 Mawu a Bond

Ponena za udindo, mawu enieni amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Wotumiza. Ili ndi bungwe kapena kampani yomwe imagulitsa ma bond.
• mtengo wa nkhope. ndi mtengo wolipirira kuti upeze ngongole.
• Chiwongola dzanja ; ichi ndi mlingo wokhazikitsidwa ndi wopereka.
• Tsiku lomalizira ; awa ndi nthawi yangongole.
• Kuponi; ichi ndi chiwongola dzanja choperekedwa ndi wobwereka. Mawuwa amabwera chifukwa chakuti ziphaso za bond nthawi zina zimakhudzana ndi makuponi otayika omwe osunga ndalama ayenera kudzipereka kuti agulitse chiwongola dzanja. Masiku ano, ziphaso zimasungidwa mu kaundula wamagetsi.

🚀 Kuchuluka kwa chiwongola dzanja

Mlingo uwu umapangitsa kufananiza phindu la ma bond. Mwachitsanzo, mgwirizano wina 5 zaka nthawi ndi zomwe zimapereka a 8% kuponi sizothandiza kwambiri kuposa zaka 5 nthawi zonse ndi kuponi ya 5%.

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kotero 8% udindo zitha kukhala zokwera mtengo komanso kupereka kubweza kochepa kwa actuarial. Ngati mgwirizano wa 8% umatchula 115%, udzakhala ndi zokolola za kukula kwa 4.575% chaka chilichonse.

Izi zikufanana ndi zomwe zachitika pazaka 5 zandalama ndi ndalama zoyambira 115 mayuro, zomwe zimakupatsani ma euro 8 pachaka ndipo izi kwa zaka 5 ndikukubwezerani ma euro 100 kumapeto.

Komano, ngati 5% bond itchula 99%, idzakhala ndi zokolola zakukhwima za 502%. Chifukwa chake ndizosangalatsa kwambiri kuyika ma euro 99 kuti mulandire ma euro 5 chaka chilichonse kwa zaka 5 ndikupeza ma euro 100 pakukhwima.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chiwongola dzanja, mutha kufananiza zokolola zake ndi ndalama zina.

🔰 Ubwino wa bond

Anthu ambiri amadabwa chifukwa chake ayenera kuyika ndalama mu ma bond osati mwayi wina.

Nkhani yoti muwerenge: Njira zofufuzira zokhutiritsa makasitomala

Tikuwonetsani maubwino ena oyika ndalama mu ma bond.

• Mu ma bond, makamaka, mtundu uwu wa ndalama sichipereka kukayika (ndalama, tsiku lobweza ndalama ndi ndalama zapakatikati).
• Ndi ma bond, muli ndi mwayi kupeza ndalama zambiri kwa omwe amaperekedwa ndi ndalama zazing'ono, ndipo izi, zomwe zimakhala ndi chiopsezo chochepa kusiyana ndi zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi ndalama zamalonda. Malipiro awa ndi okongola kwambiri, mlingo wa woperekayo ndi wotsika.
• Ma Bond amapereka mwayi kwa osunga ndalama osiyanasiyana omwe akufuna ndalama mwachangu zobwerera zokopa.
• Kuyika ndalama m'ma bondi, makamaka ma bondi aboma la OECD, ndizotheka ndi ndalama zochepa ndipo aliyense atha kuzipeza.
• Kuphatikiza pa mfundo yakuti ndalama zimakhala zokhazikika, ma bond ali ndi mwayi wopeza phindu lalikulu pamene mitengo ya msika idzakhala yotsika kusiyana ndi ya bond yomwe imakhalapo.
• Mosiyana ndi ndalama, ma bond nthawi zambiri amakambitsirana pamsika wachiwiri nthawi iliyonse kutengera ndalama zomwe zilipo.

🔰 Kuopsa kogula bond

Kuyika ndalama m'ma bond ndikosavuta kuposa kuyika ndalama pamsika.

Koma kugula ma bond kulibe zolakwika, komabe kumaphatikizapo zoopsa zina zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa:

• Kukwera kwa chiwongola dzanja : pamene chiwongoladzanja chikuwonjezeka, izi zimayambitsa mwachindunji mtengo wa ma bond kugwa. Sikoyenera nthawi zonse kugulitsa ma bond pamene chiwongola dzanja chikukwera.
• Kukwera kwa mitengo : zikhoza kuchitika kuti izi zimaposa zokolola za bond kotero kuti mtengowo umakhazikika. Pa nthawiyo, amene wawagwira amataya.
• Insolvency wa wopereka : zitha kuchitika kuti kampani yabizinesi yomwe idapereka ma bond imadzipeza ili pamavuto omwe ikulephera kulemekeza kubweza kwa chiwongola dzanja ndikutha kubweza ndalama zomwe zatsala.
• Kugwa kwa msika wama bond : omwe ali ndi ma bond adzawona ndalama zawo mwachangu kutaya phindu. Pa nthawiyo, adzakakamizika kuzigulitsa mwangozi.

🔰 Njira zothetsera ndalama za bond?

Tili ndi njira zingapo zogulira ma bond.

• Invest in bond funds ; mu mtundu uwu wa ndalama, likulu limatsimikiziridwa ndipo limapereka bata ndi chitetezo.
• Investments mu Bonds ndi ETFs ; trackers kapena ETFs ndi njira zodziyikira nokha pamsika wama bond. Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri, chifukwa mu 2022 ma ETF adawerengera msika wopitilira 38% ku Europe.
• Invest mwachindunji ma bondi ; ndi imodzi mwamayankho ocheperako, omwe sangafikire kwa ogulitsa malonda, chifukwa muyenera kuganizira mtengo wa bondi komanso kuti mukufunikira mbiri yosiyana kwambiri.

🔰 Kutseka

Linali funso kwa ife m'nkhaniyi kuti tikuwonetseni kuti udindo ndi chiyani, tinakambirana za maudindo osiyanasiyana, mawu oti tigwiritse ntchito. Tikukhulupirira kuti tsopano mutha kupanga chiganizo choti muyikepo kapena ayi.

🔰 Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Kodi mgwirizano umakhala wotani?

Mutha kuwonetsa chomangira potengera mtundu wake, chipembedzo, mtengo wake, mtengo, nthawi, njira yowombola ndi zokolola.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa bond ndi stock?

Bondi ndi gawo la ngongole yomwe imaperekedwa ndi dera boma kapena kampani yabizinesi, mbali inayi gawo ndi gawo laling'ono la likulu la kampani.

Kodi cholinga chenicheni cha mgwirizano ndi chiyani?

Aliyense amene amapereka ma bond akhoza kuzigwiritsa ntchito pofuna kubwereka ndalama ku msika wa zachuma. Amene amagula ma bond amalipidwa ndi chiwongoladzanja ndipo adzalandira nthawi yoperekedwa pakubweza kwawo.

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Tamaliza, tikukhulupirira kuti kuwerenga nkhaniyi kwatsegula maso anu kumadera onse otuwa pankhani ya ma bond.

Ngati ndi choncho, chonde tumizani ndemanga zanu kuti tiwone momwe tingathandizire kuti tikutumikireni bwino mtsogolo.

Osayiwala kugawana ndi anzanu komanso anzanu kuti nawonso apindule nawo.