Kodi msika wachiwiri ndi chiyani?

Ngati ndinu investor, wamalonda, broker, etc. mwina mwamva za msika wachiwiri pofika pano. Msika uwu umatsutsana ndi msika woyamba. M'malo mwake, ndi mtundu wa msika wandalama womwe umathandizira kugulitsa ndi kugula zotetezedwa zomwe zidaperekedwa kale ndi osunga ndalama. Zotetezedwa izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala masheya, ma bond, zolemba zandalama, zam'tsogolo ndi zosankha. Misika yazinthu zonse komanso Maphunziro amagawidwa ngati misika yachiwiri.

Mosiyana ndi msika woyambirira, mitengo yazinthu zogulitsidwa nthawi zambiri imatsimikiziridwa pasadakhale m'misika yachiwiri. M'nkhaniyi, ndikudziwitsani mwachidule zomwe msika wachiwiri uli. Koma m'mbuyomu, apa pali maphunziro olipidwa omwe amakulolani kutero yambani ndi maphunziro apa intaneti.

Kodi msika wachiwiri umagwira ntchito bwanji?

Misika yachiwiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kugulitsa masheya. Komabe, palinso ntchito zina zingapo pamisika iyi. Mwachitsanzo, misika yachiwiri imathandizira kugulitsa ndalama zogwirizanitsa pamodzi komanso kugula kwa Ngongole zanyumba ndi makampani aboma. Mawu akuti misika yachiwiri atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito mofananamo ndi misika yomwe imathandizira kugulitsa zinthu zakale.

Kuphatikiza apo, lero tanthauzo la msika wachiwiri lakula kuti liphatikizepo kusinthanitsa kwa cryptocurrency. Pankhani ya msika wachitetezo, msika wachiwiri umatchedwa chifukwa umathandizira zochitika zachiwiri zokhudzana ndi chitetezo.

Kusiyana pakati pa misika yoyambira ndi yachiwiri

Msika woyambirira ndi msika wandalama womwe umathandizira kugulitsa masheya kapena bondi yoperekedwa koyamba ndi kampani mwachindunji kwa osunga ndalama. Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino chamsika woyambira ndikupereka kwa anthu onse (IPO).

IPO imaphatikizapo kugulitsa mwachindunji pakati pa wogulitsa, yomwe ndi banki yosungiramo ndalama yomwe ikulemba zoperekazo, ndi wogula, yemwe ndi wogulitsa akugula IPO. Ntchito yotereyi ya IPO imangochitika msika woyamba.

Mosiyana ndi izi, msika wachiwiri ndi msika wachuma womwe umathandizira zochitika zomwe zimachitika pakati pa osunga ndalama. Mwachitsanzo, wogulitsa ndalama yemwe wagula mtengo mu kampani kudzera mu IPO angasankhe kugulitsa zomwe ali nazo kwa osunga ndalama ena pamsika wachiwiri. Zitha kuwoneka mu chitsanzo pamwambapa kuti ngakhale kampani yomwe idapereka IPO,

Kukonza mitengo yazitetezo pamsika wachiwiri

Mosiyana ndi misika yoyambira pomwe mitengo yazinthu zogulitsidwa nthawi zambiri imatsimikiziridwa pasadakhale, mumsika wachiwiri mitengo imayang'anizana ndi mphamvu zoyambira zamsika zogulitsira ndi kufunikira. Kwa katundu yemwe akuwonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu kowonjezereka kwa mtengo m'tsogolomu, mtengo wake wamsika wamakono udzawonjezekanso.

Nkhani yoti muwerenge: Zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza ma indices amsika?

Mosiyana ndi izi, ngati kampani ikuwonetsa zomwe amapeza pansi pa zomwe amawerengera, sizikondedwa ndi osunga ndalama ndipo, chifukwa chake, mtengo wake wamsika ukutsika.

Private equity secondary markets

Misika yachiwiri yabizinesi ndi misika yazachuma yomwe imathandizira kugulitsa ndi kugula zomwe zidaperekedwa kale ndi mabizinesi abizinesi. Msika wapayekha NASDAQ ndi SecondaryLink ndi zitsanzo zamisika yachiwiri yabizinesi yomwe idatulukira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lino chifukwa cha Sarbanes-Oxley Act ya 2002.

Zowonetsa Zamsika Zachiwiri

Investors mu yachiwiri msika malonda wina ndi mzake. Kampaniyo siyikukhudzidwa konse ndipo sayenera kutsatira malangizo a SEBI.

Otsatsa amamvetsetsa kuti malonda achiwiri amsika amakhala ndi kusakhazikika kwakukulu, komwe kumayambitsa gawo lalikulu lachiwopsezo chamsika.

Chiwopsezo chamsika ndi kusamala kwa omwe amagulitsa ndalama potaya ndalama zawo, podziwa kuti malonda amsika amsika amapeza phindu lalikulu ndikupanga ndalama mwachangu pagawo lamalonda la intraday. .

Zida zambiri zamsika zamsika zimaphatikizidwa mu ndalama zomwe zimagwirizanitsa, pomwe okonda ndalama / oyambira / osadziwa zambiri amatha kutenga nawo gawo pamsika kuti apange ndalama pakapita nthawi.

Zogulitsa pamsika wachiwiri zimagulitsidwa kangapo pamtengo wotsimikiziridwa ndi mphamvu zamsika, mosiyana ndi msika woyamba.

Mitundu ya Misika Yachiwiri

Pali mitundu yambiri yamisika yachiwiri ndipo magwiridwe antchito ake amasiyana malinga ndi kapangidwe kake ndi mitundu yazinthu zomwe zimagulitsidwa. Mwinamwake mudamvapo za misika yachiwiri, monga malonda otchuka. Tiyeni tiwonenso mitundu yodziwika bwino yamisika yachiwiri, ndi zitsanzo:

Maphunziro

Masheya apagulu omwe amagulitsidwa pamsika monga New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) kapena NASDAQ pamsika wachiwiri. Malonda amayendetsedwa ndi ma broker omwe amagwira ntchito ndi opanga misika kuti apereke mabizinesi ndikufunsa mitengo kwa osunga ndalama ndi mabungwe. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za misika yamasheya, dinani ulalo uwu.

Zida Zandalama Zokhazikika

Zida zopezera ndalama zokhazikika, kuyambira mabilu a treasury kupita ku ma bondi amakampani, zonse zimagulitsidwa pamsika wachiwiri. Msika wama bond, komabe, siwotseguka komanso wamadzimadzi ngati msika wamasheya. Simungapeze ndalama zenizeni zenizeni za bondi. M'malo mwake, mumagwira ntchito kudzera mwa oyimira pakati monga ma broker.

Ma bond amaperekedwa par. Ndiye, akakhala mumsika wachiwiri, mitengo yawo imasinthasintha malinga ndi zinthu monga ngongole, mikhalidwe yamsika ndi chiwongola dzanja.

Ngongole zanyumba

Ngongole zanyumba mwaukadaulo ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka ndalama zokhazikika, koma pali kusiyana kokwanira komwe amapeza gawo lawo. Monga tafotokozera, nthawi zambiri ngongole yanu ikapangidwa, imagulitsidwa ndi wobwereketsa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito msika kuti ikhale msika wachiwiri wobwereketsa. Wogula ndiye magulu ngongole zanyumba mumutu umodzi ndikugulitsa kwa osunga ndalama omwe amagula njira zopezera ndalama.

Ngongole zamabizinesi ang'onoang'ono

Ngongole zamabizinesi ang'onoang'ono zothandizidwa ndi boma zithanso kugulitsidwa ndikugulitsidwa kwa osunga ndalama, monga ngongole zanyumba. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri ndi pulogalamu ya ngongole ya Small Business Administration. Mabanki amapereka ngongole ndiyeno amagulitsa gawo lomwe apeza pamsika wachiwiri ku bungwe lazachuma lomwe limaphatikiza ngongolezo.

Msika wachiwiri umapereka njira yotsimikizirika yolipira kwa osunga ndalama ndikulola mabanki kugulitsa ngongole mwachangu. Mabanki amatha kupita kunja ndikubwereketsanso ndalama.

Makampani apadera

Ogwira ntchito omwe amalandira magawo a makampani apadera (kutanthauza kuti palibe magawo omwe amagulitsidwa pamsika wapagulu) nthawi zambiri zimawavuta kugulitsa magawowo ngati akufunikira kupeza ndalama zolipirira misonkho kapena chifukwa china. Ogawana nawo akaloledwa kugulitsa magawo, amatero kudzera m'misika yachiwiri yapaintaneti pomwe otsatsa ovomerezeka amachotsa magawowo m'manja mwawo.

Ogula pankhaniyi nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza anthu okwera mtengo, ma venture capitalists, hedge funds, mabizinesi abizinesi, komanso osunga ndalama m'mabungwe.

Tisiyeni ndemanga zanu. Koma musananyamuke, nayi maphunziro apamwamba omwe angakuthandizeni kuwongolera ndalama zanu.