Zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza teknoloji ya BlockChain

Pazaka zingapo zapitazi, mwakhala mukumva mawu akuti "ukadaulo wa blockchain", mwina okhudzana ndi ndalama za crypto. M'malo mwake, mutha kudabwa " teknoloji ya blockchain ndi chiyani?

Pamene blockchain ikupitilira kukula ndikukhala ogwiritsa ntchito, ndiudindo wanu kuphunzira ukadaulo womwe ukupita patsogolo kuti mukonzekere tsogolo lanu. Ngati ndinu watsopano nkhaniyi ikuuzani zambiri za blockchain. Ena malo ochezera masiku ano zikusinthanso pa blockchain.

M'nkhaniyi, ndikukuuzani zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza teknoloji ya blockchain. Muphunziranso momwe zimagwirira ntchito, chifukwa chake zili zofunika, komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yanu.

Tiyeni

🌿 Kodi Blockchain ndi chiyani?

The blockchain, nthawi zina amatchedwa Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), imapangitsa mbiri ya chuma chilichonse cha digito kukhala chosasinthika komanso chowonekera pogwiritsa ntchito kugawikana kwapakati ndi cryptographic hashing. 

Fanizo losavuta lomvetsetsa ukadaulo wa blockchain ndi Google Doc. Tikapanga chikalata ndikugawana ndi gulu la anthu, chikalatacho chimagawidwa m'malo mokopera kapena kutumizidwa. Izi zimapanga njira yogawa yomwe imapatsa aliyense mwayi wopeza chikalatacho nthawi imodzi.

Palibe amene akudikirira kudikirira kusintha kwa chipani china, pomwe zosintha zonse zolembedwa zimalowetsedwa mu nthawi yeniyeni, kupangitsa zosinthazo kuwonekeratu.

Blockchain ndi imodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri zolonjeza ndi zosintha. Imathandiza kuchepetsa chiopsezo, kuthetsa chinyengo, ndi kupereka poyera m'njira scalable ntchito miyanda.

🌿 Kodi blockchain imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Mfundo yonse yogwiritsira ntchito blockchain ndikulola anthu, makamaka omwe sakhulupirirana wina ndi mzake, kugawana deta yamtengo wapatali m'njira yotetezeka komanso yowonongeka. Blockchain ili ndi mfundo zitatu zofunika: midadada, nodes ndi migodi.

✔ Ma block

Unyolo uliwonse umakhala ndi midadada ingapo ndipo chipika chilichonse chimakhala ndi zinthu zitatu zofunika:

• Letsani deta.
• Nambala ya 32-bit yotchedwa nonce. Nonce imapangidwa mwachisawawa popanga chipika, chomwe chimapanga hashi yamutu wa block.
• Hashi ndi nambala ya 256-bit yokwatiwa ndi nonce. Iyenera kuyamba ndi ziro zambiri (ie kukhala yaying'ono kwambiri).

Pamene chipika choyamba mu unyolo chimapangidwa, nonce imapanga cryptographic hash. Deta yomwe ili mu block imatengedwa kuti yasainidwa ndipo imamangidwa kwanthawi zonse ku nonce ndi hashi pokhapokha itachotsedwa. 

✔ The Miners

Ogwira ntchito m'migodi amapanga midadada yatsopano pa unyolo kudzera mu njira yotchedwa migodi. Mu blockchain, chipika chilichonse chimakhala ndi nonce ndi hashi yake, komanso chimatanthawuzanso hashi ya chipika chapitacho mu unyolo, kotero kukumba chipika sikophweka, makamaka pa unyolo waukulu.

Ogwira ntchito m'migodi amagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apadera kuti athetse vuto la masamu lovuta kwambiri lopeza nonce yomwe imapanga hashi yovomerezeka. Popeza nonce ndi ma bits 32 okha ndipo hashi ndi 256, pali pafupifupi anayi mabiliyoni ambiri osakanizidwa opanda hashi zomwe ziyenera kuchotsedwa musanapeze zolondola.

Izi zikachitika, akuti ogwira ntchito m’migodi apeza “golide nuncio” ndipo chipika chawo chikuwonjezedwa ku unyolo. Kupanga kusintha kwa chipika chilichonse choyambirira mu unyolo kumafuna kukonzanso migodi osati chipika chokhacho ndi kusintha, koma midadada yonse yomwe imabwera pambuyo pake.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndizovuta kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa blockchain. Ganizirani izi "masamu chitetezo", chifukwa kupeza ma nonces agolide kumafuna nthawi yambiri komanso mphamvu zamakompyuta.

Pamene chipika chikukumbidwa bwino, kusinthako kumavomerezedwa ndi node zonse pa intaneti ndipo woyendetsa mgodi amapindula ndi ndalama.

✔️ The Nodes

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri paukadaulo wa blockchain ndi Decentralization. Palibe kompyuta kapena bungwe lomwe lingakhale ndi tchanelo. M'malo mwake, ndi ledger yomwe imagawidwa kudzera mu node zolumikizidwa ndi unyolo.

Nodes akhoza kukhala mtundu uliwonse wa chipangizo chamagetsi chomwe chimasunga makope a blockchain ndikusunga ntchito ya intaneti.

Node iliyonse ili ndi zake kope lake za blockchain ndi maukonde ayenera algorithmically kuvomereza midadada aliyense kumene migodi kuti unyolo kusinthidwa, kuvomerezedwa ndi kutsimikiziridwa.

Popeza ma blockchains ndi owonekera, chilichonse chomwe chili mu leja chikhoza kukhala chosavuta kufufuzidwa ndi mawonekedwe. Wophunzira aliyense amalandira nambala yapadera ya zilembo za alphanumeric zomwe zikuwonetsa zomwe achita.

Kuphatikiza kwa chidziwitso cha anthu ndi dongosolo la macheke ndi miyeso kumathandiza blockchain kukhalabe kukhulupirika ndikumanga chidaliro pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito. Kwenikweni, ma blockchains amatha kuganiziridwa ngati scalability of trust kudzera muukadaulo.

🌿 Chifukwa chiyani blockchain ndi yotchuka?

Tiyerekeze kuti mwasamutsa ndalama kuchokera ku akaunti yanu yakubanki kupita kwa achibale kapena anzanu. Mukulowa kubanki yapaintaneti ndikusamutsa ndalamazo kwa munthu winayo pogwiritsa ntchito nambala yake ya akaunti.

Ntchitoyo ikamalizidwa, banki yanu imasinthiratu mbiri yanu. Zikumveka zosavuta, pomwe? Pali vuto lomwe lingakhalepo lomwe ambiri aife timalinyalanyaza.

Zochita zamtunduwu zitha kusinthidwa mwachangu kwambiri. Anthu amene amadziwa choonadi nthawi zambiri safuna kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu iyi ya malonda. Chifukwa chake kusinthika kwa ntchito zolipira za chipani chachitatu mzaka zaposachedwa. Koma chiwopsezo ichi ndiye chifukwa chake ukadaulo wa blockchain udapangidwa.

Mwaukadaulo, Blockchain ndi buku la digito lomwe likupeza chidwi komanso kukopa posachedwa. Koma n’chifukwa chiyani zafala kwambiri? Chabwino, tiyeni tifufuze mu izo kuti timvetse lingaliro lonse.

🌿 Ubwino wa Blockchain

Zochita nthawi zambiri zimawononga zoyeserera pakusunga zobwereza komanso zotsimikizira za anthu ena. Chifukwa chake blockchain imapereka zabwino izi:

✔ Chidaliro chokulirapo

Ndi blockchain, monga membala wa maukonde a mamembala okha, mutha kutsimikiziridwa kuti mumalandira zolondola komanso zapanthawi yake, komanso kuti zolemba zanu zachinsinsi za blockchain zidzagawidwa ndi mamembala a netiweki omwe mwawapatsa mwayi wopeza.

✔ Komanso sécurité

Kugwirizana pa kulondola kwa deta kumafunika kuchokera kwa mamembala onse a pa intaneti, ndipo zochitika zonse zovomerezeka ndizosasinthika chifukwa zimalembedwa kwamuyaya. Palibe, ngakhale woyang'anira dongosolo, angathe kuchotsa ntchito.

✔ Zambiri mwaluso

Ndi ledger yogawidwa yomwe imagawidwa pakati pa mamembala a netiweki, kuyanjanitsa kwanthawi yayitali kumathetsedwa. Ndipo kuti mufulumizitse malonda, ndondomeko ya malamulo - yotchedwa mgwirizano wanzeru - ikhoza kusungidwa pa blockchain ndi kuchitidwa basi.

🌿 Mitundu ya Blockchain

Pali mitundu inayi yosiyanasiyana ya blockchains. Iwo ndi awa:

✔ Private Blockchain Networks

Ma blockchains achinsinsi amagwira ntchito pamaneti otsekedwa ndipo amakonda kugwira ntchito bwino kumakampani ndi mabungwe apadera.

Mabizinesi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma blockchains achinsinsi kuti asinthe mwayi wawo wopezeka ndi zilolezo, makonda a netiweki, ndi zosankha zina zofunika zachitetezo. Ulamuliro umodzi umayang'anira pawekha blockchain network.

✔ Public Blockchain Networks

Bitcoin ndi ma cryptocurrencies ena amachokera ku blockchains zapagulu, zomwe zathandiziranso kufalitsa ukadaulo wa distributed ledger (DLT). Public blockchains amathandizanso kuthetsa mavuto ndi zovuta zina, monga kuphwanya chitetezo ndi centralization.

Ndi DLT, deta imagawidwa pa intaneti ya anzawo, m'malo mosungidwa pamalo amodzi. Algorithm yogwirizana imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kuti chidziwitsocho ndi chowonadi; umboni wa mtengo (PoS) ndi umboni wa ntchito (PoW) ndi njira ziwiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza.

✔ Ma Networks Ovomerezeka a Blockchain

Komanso nthawi zina amatchedwa hybrid blockchains, maukonde ololedwa a blockchain ndi ma blockchain achinsinsi omwe amalola mwayi wapadera kwa anthu ovomerezeka.

Mabungwe nthawi zambiri amakhazikitsa mitundu iyi ya blockchains kuti apeze zabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo izi zimalola kuti pakhale dongosolo labwino pogawa omwe angatenge nawo gawo pamaneti ndi momwe amachitira.

✔ Malingaliro a kampani Consortium Blockchains

Zofanana ndi ma blockchains ololedwa, ma blockchains a consortium ali ndi zigawo zapagulu komanso zachinsinsi, kupatula kuti mabungwe angapo aziwongolera network imodzi ya blockchain.

Ngakhale mitundu iyi ya blockchains poyamba ingakhale yovuta kwambiri kukhazikitsa, ikangoyamba ndikuyendetsa imatha kupereka chitetezo chabwino. Kuphatikiza apo, ma consortium blockchains ndiabwino kuti agwirizane ndi mabungwe angapo.

🌿 Kodi kuphunzira Blockchain?

Ngakhale ndiukadaulo watsopano, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe titha kuphunzira zambiri za gawoli. Dziwani kumene mungaphunzire!

✔ Mabuku abwino kwambiri a Blockchain

Wopanga Blockchain ndi buku losangalatsa kwambiri kwa aliyense amene akufuna kukulitsa luso la Blockchain kuti ayambe ntchito zatsopano kapena kupitiriza ntchito zomwe zilipo kale. Wolembayo ndi Elad Elrom ndipo ndi chitsogozo chothandizira kupanga, kukhazikitsa, kusindikiza, kuyesa ndi kuteteza ma projekiti a blockchain.

Kutchinga: Kusintha kwa Zamalonda la intaneti ndi buku lokonzedwa ndi Alex Preukschat ndipo linapangidwa ndi mgwirizano wa akatswiri monga Carlos Kuchkovsky, wochokera ku BBVA, Gonzalo Gómez, wochokera ku IECISA, Daniel Díez, wochokera ku Everis, ndi Iñigo Molero, wochokera ku OroFinanzas.com.

Bukuli limatiuza mmene maonekedwe a blockchain mu 2009 anabala chitsanzo chuma latsopano zochokera decentralization wa kukhulupirirana, kumene tingathe kusinthanitsa katundu ndi ntchito popanda kufunika lachitatu maphwando.

Buku la Satoshi ndi ntchito yodziwika bwino ya Phil Champagne ndipo imabweretsa pamodzi zolemba ndi kusinthana maganizo kochitidwa ndi Satoshi Nakamoto kwa zaka ziwiri. Mu 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto adasindikiza maphunziro ake ndipo patatha miyezi ingapo, adayambitsa maukonde a Bitcoin, mbewu yamakampani onse omwe tsopano amadziwika kuti blockchain.

Zojambulajambula ndi kalozera watsopano wamalonda ku gulu lazinthu zatsopano. Olembawo ndi Chris Burniske ndi Jack Tatar. Ndi kukwera kwaukadaulo wa bitcoin, osunga ndalama ali ndi mwayi wambiri wopeza ndalama pa intaneti.

Blockchain Revolution ndi buku la Don Tapscott ndi Alex Tapscott. Abambo ndi mwana wamwamuna akuti blockchain ikonza nyengo yotsatira ya chitukuko - muzachuma, bizinesi, zaumoyo, maphunziro, ndi utsogoleri, pakati pa ena.

✔ Blockchain Blogs

EthereumDev ndi blog yomwe imakuuzani zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa kuti muyambe kupanga dziko la Ethereum. Kuchokera kulembedwa kwa woyamba smart contract kuyesa ndikulumikizana ndi blockchain ndi JavaScript. Zabwino kuphunzira Blockchain.

IBM ilinso ndi blog Blockchain Pulse okhazikika ku Blockchain komwe amasonkhanitsa zidziwitso zamitundu yonse, nkhani ndi zokambirana, nkhani ndi malingaliro kuchokera kwa akatswiri pantchitoyo.

Chotsani ndi malo operekedwa kwa omanga ndi makontrakitala Web3. Cholinga cha sing'anga iyi ndikupatsa owerenga zida zowunikira kuti amvetsetse zofunikira zamakampani.

CoinDesk ndi nsanja yofalitsa nkhani ya m'badwo wotsatira wa osunga ndalama omwe akuwunika momwe ndalama za crypto ndi chuma cha digito zikuthandizira kusinthika kwadongosolo lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi. Cholinga chake ndikudziwitsa, kuphunzitsa ndi kulumikiza gulu lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi kudzera munkhani, deta, zochitika ndi maphunziro.

Chombo chachitsulo ndiye chida chotsogola chapa media media chomwe chimaphimba nkhani zambiri zaukadaulo wa blockchain, katundu wa crypto ndi zomwe zikuchitika ku fintech. Tsiku lililonse, imasindikiza nkhani zaposachedwa kuchokera kumayiko otukuka komanso apakati ndipo ndi njira yabwino yophunzirira blockchain.

Pomaliza, Alastria ndi bungwe lopanda phindu lomwe limalimbikitsa chuma cha digito kudzera pakupanga matekinoloje a blockchain. Ndi bungwe lokhala ndi magawo ambiri lomwe limapanga ndikugawana chidziwitso, ndi mzimu wogwirizana, wosinthika ndi masomphenya ndi cholinga chimodzi.

✔ Zida za Blockchain

Truffle ndi dongosolo la blockchain la Ethereum lopangidwa kuti lipange malo otukuka kuti athandize chitukuko cha mayankho a Ethereum. Kuphatikiza apo, imaphatikizanso laibulale yayikulu yomwe imathandizira kulemba makontrakitala atsopano anzeru.

Metamask imagwira ntchito ngati kulumikizana pakati pa msakatuli ndi a Ethereum blockchain. Kuphatikiza apo, imaperekanso nsanja ya pulogalamu yotumizira Ether ndi zinthu zina ERC-20. MetaMask ndi msakatuli wowonjezera kapena pulagi-in yomwe imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana mosavuta ndi DApps kuchokera Ethereum.

Geti ndi kukhazikitsa node ya Ethereum kutengera chilankhulo cha pulogalamu ya Go. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito m'makomedwe atatu osiyanasiyana: ma interactive console, seva ya JSON-RPC, ndi mzere wolamula.

Chimake pakadali pano ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri chokhazikitsa makontrakitala anzeru komanso ndi chikwama chathunthu cha node. Chodabwitsa cha Mist chomwe chimapangitsa kukhala chimodzi mwa zida zabwino kwambiri za blockchain ndi tag ya Ethereum pa izo.

🌿 Ma blockchain 5 akulu kwambiri

✔️ Ethereum (ETH)

Ethereum ndi blockchain protocol yoganiziridwa ndi Vitalik Buterin, wopanga mapulogalamu waku Russia-Canada. Blockchain ndi teknoloji yomwe imalola kuti zidziwitso zisungidwe ndikufalitsidwa mowonekera, motetezeka komanso popanda bungwe lolamulira.

Yakhazikitsidwa mu 2015, Ethereum, blockchain yachiwiri potengera mtengo pambuyo pa Bitcoin, imalola chitukuko cha ntchito m'madera, wotchedwa Dapps.

Ndizosiyana ndi Bitcoin, zomwe zimangoyang'ana pa malipiro a anzawo. Madivelopa masauzande ambiri akupanga mapulogalamu pa Ethereum pazachuma, zosangalatsa, mtambo, ndi mafakitale ogulitsa nyumba. Gulu la opanga ma blockchain a Ethereum ndi amodzi mwa akuluakulu komanso achangu kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Ethereum ndiye mtsogoleri wa blockchain wokhala ndi $ 184,28 biliyoni ya TVL pama protocol 375. Iye ali adayikidwa pa #2 ndi capitalization yamsika ndi $450,22 biliyoni. Chiŵerengero chake cha Mcap / TVL ndi 2,89927, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti capitalization ya ETH ndi pafupifupi 3 kuchuluka kwa ndalama zonse zomwe zimayikidwa pa intaneti.

Chofunika kwambiri protocol ndi Curve Decentralized Platform (CRV). TVL yake ndi $22,4 biliyoni ndi Mcap/TVL ya 0,09024. Kulamulira kwake ndi 12,16% kuposa ma protocol ena a blockchain.

✔ Binance Smart Chain (BNB)

Binance Smart Chain (BSC) ikhoza kufotokozedwa ngati blockchain yomwe imagwira ntchito mofanana ndi Binance Chain. Mosiyana ndi Binance Chain, BSC imakupatsani mwayi wopanga mapangano anzeru ndipo imagwirizana ndi Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM).

Chifukwa chake cholinga chake ndikuchoka liwiro la malonda a Binance Chain pamene akuyambitsa mapangano anzeru mu chilengedwe chawo.

M'malo mwake, ma blockchains awiriwa amagwira ntchito limodzi. Titha kutenga vuto kuzindikira kuti BSC si yankho ku vuto la scalability la mtundu wosanjikiza awiri kapena opanda unyolo. Ndilo blockchain yodziyimira payokha yomwe imatha kugwira ntchito ngakhale popanda Binance Chain.

Izi zati, njira ziwirizi zimakhala zofanana kwambiri potengera kapangidwe kake. Dziwani zambiri za kusiyana pakati pa Binance Smart Chain ndi Binance Chain.

Binance Anzeru unyolo ali wachiwiri pamtengo wonse wotsekedwa, ndi $ 20,68 biliyoni ya TVL yofalikira pama protocol 246. Binance Coin ili pachitatu potengera kukula kwa msika ndi $88,63 biliyoni. Chiŵerengero chake cha Mcap/TVL ndi 5,24438, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti ndalama za BNB ndizoposa nthawi 5 ndalama zonse zomwe zimayikidwa pa intaneti.

Chofunika kwambiri protocol ndi PancakeSwap nsanja decentralized (KEKE). TVL yake ndi $ 8,03 biliyoni ndi Mcap / TVL ya 0,3806, ndi 38,83% kulamulira pa ma protocol ena a blockchain.

✔️Terra (LUNA)

Terra ndiye blockchain yachitatu yayikulu ndi mtengo wonse wokhoma. TVL yake ndi US $ 18,29 biliyoni pama protocol 14 okha. Ndilo mndandanda wokhala ndi ma protocol ochepa kwambiri pakati pa 5 apamwamba, omwe nthawi zonse amafika pamtengo wokwera kwambiri.

Terra ali pa 9 gawo pankhani ya capitalization ya msika ndi madola 31,38 biliyoni aku US. Mndandanda wake wa Mcap / TVL ndi 1,73468, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti capitalization ya LUNA ndi yocheperapo nthawi ya 2 kuposa ndalama zonse zomwe zimayikidwa pa intaneti. Khalani otsika kwambiri pakati pa 5.

Chofunika kwambiri protocol ndi Anchor (ANC). TVL yake ndi $ 8,51 biliyoni ndi Mcap/TVL ya 0,07695. Ili ndi 46,53% kulamulira pama protocol ena a blockchain.

✔ Chiwonongeko (AVAX)

Banjali ndi chachinayi chachikulu blockchain ndi mtengo okwana zokhoma, ndi $14,31 biliyoni TVL kudutsa 117 ndondomeko.

Chiwonongeko (AVAX) ili pa nambala 11 potengera ndalama zamsika ndi madola 25,94 biliyoni aku US. Chiyerekezo chake cha MCap/TVL ndi 2,16989. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti capitalization ya AVAX ndi pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka konse komwe kumayikidwa pamaneti. Ili ndi gawo lachiwiri lotsika kwambiri pakati pa 2.

Chofunika kwambiri protocol ndi Aave (AAVE). TVL yake ndi US $ 3,16 biliyoni ndi Mcap / TVL ya 1,06539, yokhala ndi 22,08% kulamulira ma protocol ena a blockchain. Kukhala protocol yayikulu ya MCap/TVL yayikulu pakati pa ena pagawoli.

✔ Chililabombwe (SOL)

Solana ndiye blockchain ina yabwino yomwe tingakhale nayo. Ili ndi nambala 5 pamtengo wonse wotsekedwa, ndi TVL ya $ 11,59 biliyoni pamapulogalamu 41 okha.

Solana ali pa 5 pazachuma cha msika ndi madola 54,16 biliyoni aku US. Ili ndi chiŵerengero cha Mcap/TVL cha 4,69662. Zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti capitalization ya SOL ndiyoposa nthawi 4 kuposa ndalama zonse zomwe zidayikidwa mu unyolo. Zomwe zingasonyeze kuwonjezereka kwa chizindikirocho, monga mu BNB.

Chofunika kwambiri protocol ndi Raydium (RAY). Ili ndi TVL ya US $ 1,59 biliyoni ndi Mcap / TVL ya 0,34154, yomwe ili ndi 13,59% kulamulira ma protocol ena a blockchain.

🌿 Powombetsa mkota

Pamapeto pa izi mwachidule, tikuzindikira kuti blockchain ndiambiri kuposa a luso laukadaulo : imanyamula mbewu za kusintha kwenikweni. Chifukwa cha katundu wake wa decentralization, kuwonekera ndi chitetezo, imatsegula njira zatsopano zosinthana pakati pa anthu, ngakhale kupitirira cryptoassets.

Mapulogalamu a konkire akungoyamba kuwonekera, kaya ali ndi maunyolo okhathamiritsa, mavoti amagetsi osavomerezeka kapena mbiri yakale yogawana. Ndipo tsogolo lokha pokhudzana ndi kukulitsa komanso luso la ogwiritsa ntchito ndizomwe zingapangitse kuti izi zitheke.

Koma kuthekera kuli kwenikweni kwa blockchain kusunga malonjezo ake a intaneti yamtengo wapatali, komwe kudalirana ndi kokhazikika yomangidwa posinthanitsa. Pamodzi ndi zina zatsopano zomwe zikubwera monga luntha lochita kupanga, n'zosakayikitsa kuti teknolojiyi idzakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pomanga dziko la mawa.