Sei uchiongorora uye kunzwisisa bhanga reIslam?

Nekuderedzwa kwemisika, ruzivo rwemari zvino kutepfenyura pasi rose uye munguva chaiyo. Izvi zvinowedzera mwero wekufungidzira izvo zvinozoita kuti pave nekusagadzikana kwakanyanya mumisika uye kufumura mabhanga. Saka, Finance de Demain, ine chinangwa chekupa kwauri zvikonzero nei zvichidikanwa kuongorora nekunzwisisa bhanga reIslam kuti uise mari zvirinani.

Asi kutanga, hezvino zvimwe Zano uye zano rekugadzira nekusimudzira izvo zvinokutendera iwe kukudziridza kambani yako kana bhizinesi rako zviri nyore.

🌿 Sei Islamic mari?

Dambudziko rezvemari ra2008, chikonzero chaive chekufungidzira, chakaita kuti zvikwanise kunzwisisa kuti hurongwa hwemari hwepasi rose hwave husina kujeka uye hune hunyanzvi. Chero dzipi nzira dzekutonga dzichaiswa pairi kuitira kudzivirira njodzi dzinogona kuitika, achagadzira nzira dzokuvapoteredza.

Zvisinei, anonzi mabhanga echiIslam akapona nenzira inoshamisa padambudziko iri. Uku kusimba kunogona kutsanangurwa nenyaya yekuti, nedzidziso, havadzidzire zvaunofarira uye usafungidzire.

Izvo zvinofanirwa kutanga zvave kutaurwa kuti hupfumi hwehupfumi hunoita imwe yemhedzisiro yakananga yekudyidzana kwemari. Kudyidzana kwepasi rose uku kwakaunza shanduko huru muuzivi uye maitiro emari yemakambani.

Kudyidzana kwezvemari uku, kunoratidzwa nekutsvaga kwechigarire purofiti, zviri pachena kuti zvinosanganisira tsika yemitengo yemubereko, fungidziro uye kuchengetedza izvo zvinoramba zviri izvo zvinokonzeresa dambudziko remari ra2008.

Saka, isu ikozvino tinoda hurongwa hwemari iyo zvichaisa vanhu pakati pehupfumi uye haasisiri uyo anoshandisa Munhu sechombo mubasa rehupfumi.

Nemamwe manzwi, nyika inoda hurongwa hwemari hune hutsika uye hune chekuita nemagariro. Kugona kuderedza kusaruramisira uye kusaenzana mune zvemari.

Mari yeIslam, kana iri padanho redzidziso, inosangana nemamiriro ese aya. Iye ari a “mutoro” wemari »sezvo zvakavakirwa pakuremekedza kwakasimba kwemisimboti yemutemo wechiIslam.

Inozviratidza sebazi reIslamic economics, ine chinangwa chekumisa hurongwa hwehupfumi hunoenderana neIslam. Muna 2008, iyo Islamic Financial System (IFS) yakamira kubva kune yakajairika yakaenzana nekuramba dambudziko. 

Izvi ndizvo zvakakwezva kutarisisa kwenyanzvi uye vaongorori vaishamisika nezvezvikonzero zvekudzivirira kwayo. Muchokwadi, iyo SFI inotsvaga kufunga zvakare Munhu semubatsiri uye asisiri se "akabatwa" nezvemari.

Ndicho chikonzero ichi kuti kuremekedzwa kwemitemo yehutano hwemagariro evanhu, kururamisira uye pachena mubhizinesi ndiko kukosha kukuru kwakachengetwa uye kudzivirirwa nehurongwa hwemari.

🌿 Mari yechiIslam: ndeupi mutsauko uchienzaniswa neyakajairwa mari?

Mari yechiIslam inosiyanawo nekuenzana kwayo nemuono wayo chaiwo wemari nevashandi. Muchokwadi, maitiro ehupfumi uye emari ari kuenderera mberi panguva yeMuporofita Muhammad anomushandira kunyanya senheyo.

Muchokwadi, mari yeIslam inoratidzirwa nekurambidzwa kwechido uye basa remagariro rekudyara.

Nepo mabhanga akajairwa achiwana yakawanda yemari yaanowana mukuita kubva mubereko, iyo yeBIs yakavakirwa pakuremekedza musimboti wekugovana purofiti uye kurasikirwa pazvibvumirano zvemari zvakamiswa pakati pebhanga nevadyidzani varo.

Uyezve, kune nzvimbo dzekudyara dzinorambidzwa nemutemo weSharia, kureva Haram (kusiyana ne halal).

Semuyenzaniso, mitambo yemukana, zviitiko zvine chekuita nedoro, kurima nguruve, maoko kana indasitiri yemafirimu, nezvimwe.

Kuti ave nechokwadi investments vari halal, mune supervisory commission mukati memabhangi. Iyi komisheni yekutarisa mari inoitika musimboti munzira mbiri (02).

Nzira yekutanga ndeyemunhu mupfungwa yekuti vese maMuslim havafanirwe kuisa mari yavo mukati mabasa asingaenderani nechitendero chake. Chechipiri ndechechimiro chesangano kana chesangano.

Mabhangi uye mari yekudyara yeIslam inoumbwa, kuwedzera kune bhodhi revatungamiriri uye musangano mukuru, weSharia supervision or ethics committee (the Sharia Board) vane nhengo dzakazvimirira.

Nekudaro, kutora chikamu mumakambani anoshanda munzvimbo dzisiri pamutemo kunosatenderwa kubva kumakomiti aya.

🌿 Sei uchiongorora mabhanga echiIslam?

Mari yechiIslam mukana chaiwo wekuti ubatwe kudzikamiswa kuri nani kwehurongwa hwemari hwepasi rose. Nekudaro, mamwe mazwi anopokana anozviona senge " hunyengeri” hwakavanza muzita reIslam.

Saka, kunetseka kwazvino ndiko kuziva.  Imari yechiIslam iIslamization yenzira here kana kuti Islamization yemagumo?

Zvimwe zvinhu zvechokwadi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kubvunza zvakawanda nezve iyi hurongwa hwemari.

✔️ Chekutanga, nyika sezviri pachena zvechiIslam mumitemo yakaita seSaudi Arabia inoita kunge yakabatanidzwa mune neoliberal system yakavakirwa pafungidziro uye yakanyura mukutengeserana kunosanganisira mhindu.

Kunyange taifunga kuti dambudziko remari richapera mukupera kwa2008, dambudziko reDubai World Bank richamuka.

✔️ Chechipiri, Maitiro ekubhanga echiIslam anofanira kuenderana nemisimboti yemutemo wechiIslam.

Kutadza kutevedzera misimboti iyi kungangosvibisa zita reindasitiri yese. Zvisinei, mabhanga haatevedzeri mitemo iyi yechitendero nguva dzose.

✔️ Chechitatu, Iyo Islamic financial system parizvino iri kusangana nematambudziko makuru ane chekuita nemutemo wayo.

MaBI, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuenzaniswa kwezvirevo zvemari, gara uchishandisa IFRS accounting zviyero. Zvakadaro, zviyero izvi hazvina kuchinjirwa kwavari kana tikatarisa pane zvechitendero zvekutengeserana kwavo kwebhangi.

✔️ Chechina, Bhanga reIslam haringotarisana chete nezvipingaidzo uye njodzi, kupfuura njodzi dzechinyakare dzekubhanga, asi zvakare zvinomutsa mibvunzo yakadzama pamusoro pekushoropodza kwayo pfungwa yekufarira iyo inogona kudzikamisa budiriro yayo.

Kugadzirisa kukanganisa uku, vanopa zvigadzirwa zvinodhura zvichienzaniswa nezvinopihwa neBCs.

✔️ Cheshanu, chimiro chekupindirana kwemari kwemabhanga echiIslam chinovaita kuti vanyanye kutarisana nezvinetso zvemasangano kupfuura vamwe vavowo zvavo.

🌿 Sei bhuku pamusoro pekuongororwa kwemabhanga echiIslam?

Chishuwo chedu chekunyora basa pamabhangi echiIslam chirimo chimiro chezviitwa zvavo. Ivo havadi chete kuremekedzwa kwemisimboti yezvemari, asiwo kuremekedzwa kwemisimboti yeIslam.

Muchokwadi, iyo SFI inotsigira mari ine hutsika uye ine mutoro inodzikamisa hupfumi hwenyika.

Kubuditsa pachena uye kururamisira mubhizimisi, kuchengetedza nharaunda, kuremekedza chiremera chevanhu uye kutya Mwari, ndizvo zvinoumba musimboti wegadziriro ino yemari. Iri pahwaro uhwu kuti basa iri rinozvisiyanisa kubva kune avo varipo pamabhangi.

🌿 Bhuku iri rakanyorerwa ani?

Bhuku rino rakanyorerwa vanhu vakawanda. Chero ani zvake anofarira mari yeIslam achawana mune iri basa zvinhu zvemhinduro kune zvinonetsa nezve mashandiro uye maitiro ekutonga kwemakambani ekubhanga echiIslam, zvigadzirwa zvemari zvavanopa uye izvo zvezviratidziro zvemari yavo zvichienzaniswa neizvo zvakaenzana nazvo.

Kuti tinzwisise zviri nani basa iri, takaedza kuzviisa munzvimbo yemumwe munhu ari kusvika kune mari yechiIslam kekutanga.

Nezveizvi, chinangwa chedu changa chiri chekusimbisa zvinhu izvo vadzidzi kana nyanzvi dzinowana kana dzinofanirwa kuwana zvinonakidza mukudzidza kana kuita kwechiIslam mari.

Dzvanya pano kuti uitenge

Bhuku iri rakarongwa kuita zvitsauko zvinomwe (07).

✔️ Chitsauko 1 inopa zvikonzero zvekusarudza dingindira. Tisati tapa zvikonzero izvi, tinopa ruzivo rwakakwana pamusoro pekuongororwa kwemari yemabhangi.

✔️ Chitsauko 2 inopa indasitiri yemari yeIslam yakazara. Inopa iyo SFI kubva kune yayo genesis kune yazvino mamiriro ezvinhu, kusanganisira maitiro ayo ekushanda.

✔️ Chitsauko 3 inopa kushanda kwemabhanga echiIslam. Pano, tinopa marudzi enjodzi uye nzira dzekugadzirisa njodzi dzinotarisana nemabhangi echiIslam.

✔️ Chitsauko 4 inopa hutongi hwemakambani ekubhanga echiIslam. Inopokana nehutongi hwemakambani akajairwa emabhanga kune ayo emabhanga echiIslam.

✔️ Chitsauko 5 inopa iyo accounting mirau yeIslam banking. Pano, isu tinopa zviyero uye matekiniki eakaunzi marekodhi anoshandiswa nemaBI mumaitiro avo emazuva ese e accounting.

✔️ Chitsauko 6 inopa zvinhu zvakasiyana siyana zvemari nezvisiri zvemari zvinozivikanwa se halal zvinopihwa nemabhanga echiIslam.

Uyezve, inopa marudzi akasiyana ezvibvumirano (kondirakiti yemari uye kontrakiti yekutora chikamu kunyanya) inopihwa nemabhangi aya pamwe nemiganhu yavo maererano nekuremekedza kwemitemo yechitendero.

✔️ Chitsauko 7 pakupedzisira inopa humbowo hwezvinyorwa zvemari zvemabhanga echiIslam zvichienzaniswa neaya ekare akaenzana.

Nekudaro, kana iwe uchida kutora kutonga kwemari yako pachako mumwedzi mitanhatu, ini ndinokurudzira iyi gwara.

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