Chii chinonzi DApps kana Decentralized Application?

A DApp (“Decentralized Application” kana “decentralized application”) isoftware application inopihwa zvishoma kana zvachose neseti yevatambi vakasiyana. Kuti ishande, inowanzotsamira pane imwe kana kupfuura zvibvumirano zvakanaka, i.e. maprotocol emakombuta anosimbisa zvibvumirano) anomhanya pane imwechete kana kupfuura blockchains.

Kazhinji, a decentralized application inouya neyakajeka mushandisi interface, yakagoverwa yekuchengetedza data modhi, meseji kutaurirana protocol. nyatsotarisa, pamwe neiyo decentralized name resolution system. Padanho remari, Bitcoin inogona kutariswa seyakagadziriswa application. Kupokana nemasangano echikwereti, Mugadziri kana Compound anogonawo kuonekwa seanodhinda mafomu ekukweretesa.

Kana iwe uchida kudzidza zvakawanda nezveaya maapuro matsva, verenga kusvika kumagumo.

handeyi

Nhoroondo yeDApps

DApps hachisi chinhu chitsva kubvira gore rapfuura, chokwadi ndechekuti vanga vainesu kwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri. Yekutanga P20P network application yaizivikanwa seNapster, eMule kana BitTorrent. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti ruzivo urwu rwekudhawunirodha maapplication anowanikwa mune network yenode (makomputa) ari chikamu chetiweki yavo.

Kana ukabatanidza komputa yako kunetiweki yeBitTorrent, unokwanisa kuwana uye kudhawunirodha zviri pamakomputa evamwe vashandisi pamwe nekuita kuti zvirimo zviwanikwe kuti zvidhawunirwe nevamwe.

Iyo pfungwa yedecentralized application yakafambira mberi nekufamba kwenguva uye muna 2009 yakatora kusvetuka pasina kutendeuka. Bitcoin inozvarwa, yekutanga DApp yenyika kushandisa Blockchain. Nechekare muna 2014 Ethereum akaberekwa uye mamwe mapurojekiti Blockchain 2.0 uye 3.0 yakatevera.

Atova mu2014, akaona yechipiri DApp ichishandisa blockchain, Ethereum. Kushandisa mutauro weSolidity kuvaka makondirakiti akangwara kwabatsira kusimudzira tekinoroji iyi. Chakavanzika chekubudirira chiri mumashandisirwo akasarudzika anodzorwa nevashandisi uye kwete nemakambani, semuenzaniso a inoshamisa seFortnite iyo inodzorwa nekambani asi Decentraland iri DApps decentralized uye yakavhurika iyo inodzorwa uye inogadzirwa nevashandisi.

Chii chinonzi DApps kana Decentralized Application

DApps kana Decentralized Applications iboka rakakosha remashandisirwo anoshanda pahwaro hweiyo decentralized network yemakomputa kana makomputa. Iyo data inogadzirwa neichi application inobatwa panetiweki yekombuta iyo inochengeta ruzivo urwu rwakachengeteka uye kuwanikwa.

Iyi decentralized network ndeye Yakaparadzirwa Ledger Technology (DLT) kazhinji yakavakirwa pa blockchain tekinoroji. Kuti tipe muenzaniso wakareruka, tinogona kufungidzira DApp sechikumbiro chinozivikanwa se Facebook, Tinder kana Robinhood asi pachinzvimbo chekushanda pane sevha yepakati (kazhinji pane akati wandei), inomhanya pane network inoumbwa nezviuru zvenodhi kana makomputa.

Zvakanakira zveDApps pamusoro pechepakati application

1 # Chengetedzo

Kubatsira kukuru ndiko application security. Idi rekuti application iyi inomhanya panetiweki inoumbwa nezviuru zvemanodhi inopa chengetedzo yekuti kunyangwe imwe kana imwe nodes munetwork yairi kuita ikatadza, inogona kuramba ichishanda.

Izvi hazviitike mune yepakati application inomhanya pane yepakati sevha, nekuti kana ikarwiswa, inokanganisa kuenderera kwesevhisi uye application inomira kushanda. Wakambonzwa kunge Whatsapp yako yakamira kushanda kwemaawa mashoma? Zvakanaka zvakaitika nokuti sevha yepakati yatadza.

2# Ivo vari decentralized

Kunyangwe isu takatotaura nezvayo kakawanda, kuendesa matunhu mukana mukuru weDApps. Kunyanya kune zvikumbiro zvinofanirwa kunge zvine mwero wepamusoro wekutadza kushivirira.

Uye zvakare, iri mukana wekukwikwidza unowedzera nekufamba kwenguva, nekuti iyo yakakura network pane iyo yakati DApp inotsigirwa, iyo yakawanda makomputa (kana node) ichave iri muhurongwa uye zvakanyanya kuoma kuti arove kana kuparara. kuparara.

3 # Iwo akavakirwa pamahara software

Chekupedzisira, imwe yembiru huru kana mabhenefiti eDApps ndeyekuti kuvaka kwavo kwakagadziridzwa kwakatenderedza software yemahara. Izvi zvinobvumira nharaunda yakakura yevagadziri kuti vavepo kuseri kwayo kuti vape sevhisi nerutsigiro kunetiweki, mukuwedzera pakuwana huwandu hwepamusoro hwekujeka uye chengetedzo.

Musiyano pakati pedecentralized application uye yechinyakare application

musiyano pakati pemhando mbiri dzekushandisa uri pamatanho maviri: iyo backend uye kuchengetedza data.

Kusiyana mumashure

The backend inoreva "pfungwa” yekushandiswa kunoita kuti ishande. Panyaya yemashandisirwo echinyakare, zvese izvi zvinonzwisisika zvinoiswa pakati pepakati komputa kana server.

Nekudaro, muDApps, iyo backend yakasungirirwa kune yakangwara kontrakiti inomhanya paBlockchain seEthereum. Izvi zvinozvipa imwe nhevedzano yemabhenefiti senge yakavakirwa paSmart Contract, uye kuve aya eruzhinji akangwara zvibvumirano, mwero wepamusoro wekujeka uye chengetedzo inovimbiswa.

Kusiyana kwekuchengetedza data

Chinhu chinotevera chatinoona mutsauko pakati pechinyakare application uye decentralized application ndeyekuchengetedza data. Mune zvechinyakare zvepakati maapplication, data rinowanzo kuchengetwa mukombuta yepakati kana komputa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kurwiswa kwekombuta iyi yepakati kana sevha kunogona kutungamirira mukurasikirwa kwakakwana kweruzivo rwemushandisi. Izvo hazviitike mumashandisirwo akasarudzika uko data rinochengetwa mukombuta network kana blockchain. Izvi zvinoita kuti data yemushandisi isamborasika.

Decentralized application zvikamu

Munyika yeDApps tinowana mazinga akasiyana kana mapoka ayo ari:

Tier I dapps

Mune iyi nhanho kana kupatsanura, isu tinosanganisira decentralized zvikumbiro zvinomhanya paBlockchain yavo.

Tier II dapps

Pane iyi nhanho yeDApps tinowana ese maDApps anogarwa paBlockchain isingabvi kuDApp pachayo uye inoshanda zvichibva paZviratidzo kana Zviratidzo zveblockchain mavari kuita.

Tier III DApps

Tier III DApps inoshandisa Tier II DApps kushanda nemazvo.

Mienzaniso yeakanakisa DApps

Kuti tipedze gwara iri rekuti zvikumbiro zvakadzikiswa ndezvipi, tinoongorora misika mikuru.

Decentralized application: CryptoKitties

Iyo ingangove ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa DApp yawakambonzwa munhau. Cryptokitties mutambo wekuunganidza kittens dzedhijitari dzakashongedzwa dzakatenderedza madingindira akasiyana.

Iyi iDApp inobatirwa pairi iyo Ethereum Blockchain (DApp level II). Ndiyo imwe yekare iripo. Zvakadaro vakaputika mukuzivikanwa muna 2017 na 2018 kunyanya nekuti vakavewo musika wakakura wevanofungidzira vakaona musika wekutengesa uine kudzoka kukuru.

Imwe neimwe yeidzi kittens yedhijitari ndeye 100% yakasarudzika uye ndeyemunhu anoitenga. Hazvigone kuburitswa, kuparadzwa kana kubiwa.

CAD musika

Musika we stablecoin watopfuura iyo 100 bhiriyoni madhora. Naizvozvo huwandu hukuru hweDApps hwakagadzirwa kutenderedza musika uyu. Mumwe wemienzaniso yakabudirira zvikuru ndeye Market DAO.

MarketDAO ipuratifomu inobvumidza iwe kutenga stablecoins. Gare gare iwe unogona kuvaendesa kuchikuva uye mukutsinhana ivo vanokupa yakagadziriswa yegore rekudzoka iyo inowanzo kutenderedza ne 6%.

Kana iwe uchiziva, kushanda kwakafanana nebhangi. Ndinoisa mari yangu uye mukuchinjana vanondipa kudzoka. Bhangi rinogona kushandisa mari yandakavapa kupa zvikwereti kune vechitatu mapato anodzosera pundutso nekufamba kwenguva.

Musiyano wacho MarketDAO (uye mapuratifomu akafanana) anounza kune ecosystem ndeyekuti ivo vanogonesa kuwanikwa kune zvigadzirwa zvemari. Mutsvaki wechikwereti haafanire kufamba nenzira yakareba uye inoda mvumo yesangano rekare rekukweretesa.

IPSE

IPSE ndeye yakasarudzika application munzvimbo yayo. Iyo nhanho II DApp uye injini yekutsvaga, senge Google, Yahoo!, Bing kana Ecosia. Iyo yakavakirwa paBlockchain EOS.

IPSE yakasiyana nemabhurawuza ewebhu echinyakare atinoshandisa. Chekutanga, inoshandisa imwe protocol pane HTTP protocol, IPFS (Interplanetary File System).

Kunze kwekusiyana kweprotocol, IPSE haina kushambadzira. Yayo bhizinesi modhi haina kubva pakushambadzira. Izvi zvitsva zvakanyanya, kunyanya zvichienzaniswa neinjini dzekutsvaga seGoogle nevamwe.

Pakupedzisira, musiyano wekupedzisira ndewekuti IPSE inoedza kusimbisa zvakanyanya kuvanzika kwevashandisi. Nenzira iyi, injini yekutsvaga haiunganidzi data yevashandisi pamhando yekutsvaga yakaitwa kana mune izvo zvavanoitwa. Ehe, kana mushandisi achida kupa nekuzvidira data, ivo vanozopihwa mubairo neIPSE tokens iyo inogona kutengeswa pamusika wechipiri.

mhedziso

Musika weDApps, sewe blockchain musika, unonakidza uye uchikura zvakanyanya. Vanouya kuzotiunzira nguva itsva yemikana inozovandudza muzvikamu zvese zvinobata nehuwandu hwakawanda hwe data uye ruzivo. Asi, sekunge chero tekinoroji nyowani kana maitiro, iwe unofanirwa kuve wakagadzirira uye kudzidziswa.

Une zvimwe zvekutaura here? Tisiye mhinduro