Zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezveBlockChain tekinoroji

Mumakore mashoma apfuura, iwe wagara uchinzwa izwi rekuti "blockchain tekinoroji", pamwe ine chekuita nekriptovalty. Muchokwadi, unogona kunge uchishamisika " chii chinonzi blockchain tekinoroji?

Sezvo blockchain ichiramba ichikura uye kuwedzera mushandisi-ane hushamwari, ibasa rako kudzidza iyi tekinoroji inoshanduka kuti uzvigadzirire ramangwana. Kana iwe uri mutsva chinyorwa ichi chinokuudza zvimwe nezve blockchain. Vamwe social network nhasi zviri kuitikawo pa blockchain.

Muchikamu chino, ndinokuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve blockchain tekinoroji. Iwe zvakare uchadzidza kuti inoshanda sei, nei ichikosha, uye kuti ungaishandisa sei kusimudzira basa rako.

handeyi

🌿 Chii chinonzi Blockchain?

Iyo blockchain, dzimwe nguva inonzi Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), inoita nhoroondo yechero dhijitari asset isingachinjike uye pachena kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwe decentralization uye cryptographic hashing. 

Enzaniso yakapusa yekunzwisisa blockchain tekinoroji ndeye Google Doc. Kana tikagadzira gwaro torigovera neboka revanhu, gwaro racho rinogoverwa pachinzvimbo chekukopwa kana kutumirwa. Izvi zvinogadzira cheni yekugovera yakasarudzika inopa munhu wese mukana kune gwaro panguva imwe chete.

Hapana akamira akamirira shanduko yerimwe bato, nepo zvinyorwa zvese zvinoshandurwa zvakapindirwa munguva-chaiyo, zvichiita kuti shanduko dzive pachena.

Blockchain inonyanya kukosha anovimbisa uye anomukira. Inobatsira kudzikisira njodzi, kubvisa hutsotsi, uye kupa pachena nenzira ine scalable kune zviuru zvekushandisa.

🌿 Iyo blockchain inoshanda sei?

Chinhu chose chekushandisa blockchain ndechekubvumira vanhu, kunyanya avo vasingavimbiki, kugovana data rakakosha nenzira yakachengeteka uye isina-uchapupu. Blockchain ine matatu akakosha pfungwa: zvidhinha, nodes uye miners.

✔️ Blocks

Cheni yega yega ine mabhururu akati wandei uye bhuroka rega rega rine zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha:

• Bvisa data.
• Nhamba ye32-bit inonzi nonce. Iyo nonce inogadzirwa zvisina tsarukano pakugadzira block, iyo inobva yagadzira block header hash.
• Iyo hashi i256-bit nhamba yakaroora kune nonce. Inofanira kutanga nenhamba huru yemazero (kureva kuva idiki zvakanyanya).

Kana yekutanga block mucheni yagadzirwa, nonce inogadzira iyo cryptographic hash. Iyo data iri mubhuroka inoonekwa seyakasainwa uye nekusingaperi yakasungwa kune nonce uye hashi kunze kwekunge yabviswa. 

✔️ The Miners

Vacheri vanogadzira mabhuroko matsva pamaketani kuburikidza nemaitiro anonzi kuchera. Mu blockchain, bhuroka yega yega ine nonce uye hashi yayo, asi zvakare inoreva kune hashi yeyakapfuura block mumaketani, saka kuchera chivharo hakusi nyore, kunyanya pamaketani makuru.

Vacheri vanoshandisa software yakakosha kugadzirisa dambudziko remasvomhu rakaoma kwazvo rekutsvaga nonce inoburitsa hashi inogamuchirwa. Sezvo nonce ingori 32 bits uye hashi iri 256, pane dzinenge ina mabhiriyoni ezvingabvira zvisiri-hash musanganiswa iyo inofanirwa kutorwa isati yawana chaiyo.

Kana izvi zvaitika, vacheri vemigodhi vanonzi vakawana “gold nuncio” uye chivharo chavo chinowedzerwa kucheni. Kuita shanduko kune chero chivharo kare mucheni kunoda kucherazve kwete chete chivharo neshanduko, asi zvidhinha zvese zvinouya shure kwayo.

Ichi ndicho chikonzero zvakanyanya kuoma kushandisa blockchain tekinoroji. Funga izvi "kuchengetedzwa kwemasvomhu", nekuti kuwana goridhe nonces kunoda huwandu hukuru hwenguva uye simba rekombuta.

Kana chivharo chikacherwa zvinobudirira, shanduko inotambirwa nenode dzese mumambure uye mucheri anopihwa mubairo wemari.

✔️ The Nodes

Imwe yeakanyanya kukosha pfungwa dze blockchain tekinoroji ndeye decentralization. Hapana kombiyuta kana sangano rinogona kuva muridzi wechiteshi. Pane kudaro, ibhuku rinogoverwa kuburikidza nenode dzakabatana neketani.

Nodes inogona kuva chero rudzi rwechigadzirwa chemagetsi chinochengetedza makopi e blockchain uye inochengetedza kushanda kwetiweki.

Node imwe neimwe ine yayo kopi yako ye blockchain uye netiweki inofanirwa kubvumidza algorithmically kubvumidza chero zvidhinha zvichangobva kucherwa kuti cheni ivandudzwe, kubvumidzwa uye kusimbiswa.

Sezvo blockchains ari pachena, chiito chese chiri muleja chinogona kuve nyore yakatariswa uye yakaonekwa. Mumwe nemumwe anotora chikamu anogashira yakasarudzika alphanumeric nhamba yekuzivikanwa inoratidza kutengeserana kwavo.

Iko kusanganiswa kweruzivo rweruzhinji nehurongwa hwekutarisa uye zviyero zvinobatsira blockchain kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwayo uye kuvaka kuvimba pakati pevashandisi. Chaizvoizvo, blockchains inogona kufungwa nezvayo se scalability yekuvimba kuburikidza nehunyanzvi.

🌿 Nei Blockchain yakakurumbira?

Ngatitii unoendesa mari kumhuri kana shamwari kubva kuaccount yako yekubhangi. Iwe pinda kubhengi yepamhepo uye woendesa iyo mari kune mumwe munhu uchishandisa account nhamba yavo.

Kana kutengeserana kwapera, bhangi rako rinovandudza marekodhi ekutengeserana. Inonzwika nyore zvakakwana, handiti? Pane dambudziko rinogona kuitika iro vazhinji vedu hatitarise.

Aya marudzi ekutengeserana anogona kushandiswa nekukurumidza. Vanhu vanoziva chokwadi ichi vanowanzozeza kushandisa marudzi aya ekutengeserana. Ndokusaka shanduko yechitatu-bato rekubhadhara zvikumbiro mumakore achangopfuura. Asi kusagadzikana uku ndicho chikonzero nei tekinoroji yeBlockchain yakagadzirwa.

Tekinoroji, Blockchain ibhuku redhijitari iro riri kuwana kutariswa kwakawanda uye kutora nguva pfupi yadarika. Asi nei yave yakakurumbira zvakadaro? Zvakanaka, ngaticherechedzei kuti tinzwisise pfungwa yacho yese.

🌿 Izvo Zvakanakira zveBlockchain

Mashandiro anowanzo kupambadza kuedza pakuchengetedza marekodhi uye kusimbiswa kwevechitatu. Blockchain saka inopa izvi zvakanakira:

✔️ Kuvimba kukuru

Ne blockchain, senhengo yenhengo-chete network, unogona kuvimbiswa kuti unogamuchira data rakarurama uye rine nguva, uye kuti zvakavanzika zve blockchain zvinyorwa zvinongogovaniswa nenhengo dzetiweki dzawakanyatso bvumidza kuwana.

✔️ Kuwedzera kuchengeteka

Kubvumirana pakurongeka kwedata kunodiwa kubva kunhengo dzese dzetiweki, uye zvese zvakatemerwa kutengeserana hazvichinjiki sezvo zvichirekodhwa zvachose. Hapana munhu, kunyangwe system maneja, anogona kudzima kutengeserana.

✔️ Kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka

Iine ledger yakagoverwa yakagovaniswa pakati pemitezo yetiweki, inopedza nguva rekodhi rekodhi inobviswa. Uye kuti kukurumidze kutengeserana, seti yemitemo - inonzi smart contract - inogona kuchengetwa pa blockchain uye kuurayiwa otomatiki.

🌿 Blockchain Types

Kune marudzi mana akasiyana e blockchains. Iwo anotevera:

✔️ Private Blockchain Networks

Private blockchains anoshanda pane akavharwa network uye anowanzo shanda zvakanaka kumakambani akazvimirira nemasangano.

Mabhizinesi anogona kushandisa akavanzika blockchains kugadzirisa kwavo kuwanikwa uye mvumo yekuda, zvigadziriso zvenetiweki, uye dzimwe sarudzo dzakakosha dzekuchengetedza. Chiremera chimwe chete chinobata yakavanzika blockchain network.

✔️ Public Blockchain Networks

Bitcoin nemamwe macryptocurrencies anobva kuvoruzhinji blockchains, ayo akaitawo basa mukuzivikanwa kweakagoverwa ledger tekinoroji (DLT). Public blockchains zvakare inobatsira kubvisa mamwe matambudziko nematambudziko, sekutyorwa kwekuchengetedza uye centralization.

NeDLT, data inogoverwa pamusoro peer-to-peer network, pane kuchengetwa munzvimbo imwechete. A kubvumirana algorithm inoshandiswa kuona chokwadi cheruzivo; umboo hwedanda (PoS) uye uchapupu hwebasa (PoW) inzira mbiri dzinowanzo shandiswa dzekubvumirana.

✔️ Yakatenderwa Blockchain Networks

Zvakare dzimwe nguva dzinozivikanwa semahybrid blockchains, anotenderwa blockchain network ndeakavanzika blockchains anobvumira kwakakosha kuwana kune vanhu vane mvumo.

Masangano anowanzo kumisa aya marudzi e blockchains kuti awane akanakisa epasirese, uye izvi zvinobvumira chimiro chirinani kana uchigovera ndiani anogona kutora chikamu munetiweki uye mune ipi matransaction.

✔️ Blockchain Consortium

Zvakafanana neakabvumidzwa blockchains, consortium blockchains ane ese ari eruzhinji uye akavanzika zvikamu, kunze kwekuti akawanda masangano anozotonga imwechete consortium blockchain network.

Kunyangwe aya marudzi e blockchains angatanga kuve akaomarara kumisikidza, kana angosimuka uye achimhanya anogona kupa chengetedzo iri nani. Pamusoro pezvo, consortium blockchains yakanakira kubatana nemasangano mazhinji.

🌿 Ndekupi kudzidza Blockchain?

Kunyangwe iri tekinoroji nyowani, kune akawanda zviwanikwa zvatingatanga nazvo kudzidza zvakawanda nezvendima iyi. Cherechedza kwaunogona kudzidza!

✔️ Best Blockchain Books

Iyo Blockchain Developer ibhuku rinonakidza kwazvo kune chero munhu anoda kudzamisa hunyanzvi hweBlockchain kutanga mapurojekiti matsva kana kuenderera mberi mapurojekiti aripo. Munyori ndiye Elad Elrom uye igwara rinoshanda rekugadzira, kuita, kushambadza, kuyedza uye kuchengetedza blockchain-yakavakirwa mapurojekiti.

Blockchain: Iyo Shanduko Yemabhizimusi reInternet ibhuku rakarongedzwa naAlex Preukschat uye rakagadzirwa nekubatana kwenyanzvi dzakadai saCarlos Kuchkovsky, kubva kuBBVA, Gonzalo Gómez, kubva kuIECISA, Daniel Díez, kubva kuEveris, naIñigo Molero, kubva kuOroFinanzas.com.

Iri bhuku rinotaurira kuti kutaridzika kwe blockchain muna 2009 kwakabereka sei hupfumi hutsva hwemhando yakavakirwa pa decentralization yekuvimba, apo isu tese tinogona kuchinjanisa zvinhu nemasevhisi pasina kudiwa kwevechitatu mapato.

Bhuku raSatoshi ibasa rinonyatsozivikanwa naPhil Champagne uye rinounza pamwe chete zvinyorwa uye kuchinjana kwemafungiro kwakaitwa naSatoshi Nakamoto kwemakore maviri. Muna 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto akaburitsa chidzidzo chake uye mwedzi mishoma gare gare, akatanga iyo Bitcoin network, mhodzi yeindasitiri yese yava kuzivikanwa se blockchain.

Cryptoassets igwara rekudyara mari kune kirasi nyowani yeasset. Vanyori ndivo Chris Burniske naJack Tatar. Nekukwira kweiyo bitcoin tekinoroji, vatengesi vane mimwe mikana yakawanda yekuisa mari online.

Blockchain Revolution ibhuku rakanyorwa naDon Tapscott naAlex Tapscott. Baba nemwanakomana vanoti blockchain ichaumba nguva inotevera yebudiriro - mune zvemari, bhizinesi, hutano, dzidzo, uye hutongi, pakati pevamwe.

✔️ Blockchain Blogs

EthereumDev ibhurogi rinokuudza zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive kuti utange kusimukira munyika yeEthereum. Kubva pakunyorwa kwokutanga chibvumirano chakangwara kuyedza uye kufambidzana ne blockchain neJavaScript. Yakanakira kudzidza Blockchain.

IBM inewo blog Blockchain Pulse inyanzvi muBlockchain uko inounganidza marudzi ese eruzivo rweindasitiri, zvese nhau nehurukuro, nyaya uye maonero kubva kunyanzvi mumunda.

Decrypt inzvimbo yakatsaurirwa kuvaki uye makondirakiti Web3. Chinangwa chesvikiro ichi ndechekupa vaverengi seti yezvishandiso zvekunzwisisa zvakakosha zveindasitiri.

CoinDesk ndiyo midhiya chikuva chechizvarwa chinotevera chevanoisa mari vachiongorora kuti cryptocurrencies uye midziyo yedhijitari iri kubatsira sei mukushanduka kwehurongwa hwemari yepasi rose. Chinangwa chayo ndechekuzivisa, kudzidzisa uye kubatanidza nharaunda yekudyara pasi rose kuburikidza nenhau, data, zviitiko uye dzidzo.

Cointelegraph ndiyo inotungamira yedhijitari media sosi inovhara dzakasiyana siyana dzenhau pa blockchain tekinoroji, crypto assets uye ari kubuda fintech maitiro. Mazuva ese, inoburitsa nhau dzichangoburwa kubva kune dzakatemerwa uye dzepakati pasirese uye isarudzo yakanaka yekudzidza blockchain.

Pakupedzisira, Alastria isangano risingabatsiri rinosimudzira hupfumi hwedhijitari kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kweBlockchain tekinoroji. Iri isangano rine zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana rinogadzira uye kugovera ruzivo, nemweya wekubatana, richishanduka riine muono uye chinangwa chakafanana.

✔️ Blockchain Zvishandiso

Truffle is an Ethereum blockchain framework yakagadzirirwa kugadzira nharaunda yekusimudzira kufambisa kuvandudzwa kweEthereum-based solutions. Pamusoro pezvo, inosanganisirawo raibhurari yakakura inotsigira kunyora zvibvumirano zvitsva zvakangwara.

Metamask inoshanda semubatanidzwa pakati pebrowser uye a Ethereum blockchain. Uyezve, inopawo purogiramu yepurogiramu yekushandira Ether nezvimwe zvinhu ERC-20. MetaMask ndeyeweb browser yekuwedzera kana plug-in inobvumira vashandisi kudyidzana zviri nyore neDApps kubva Ethereum.

Geti Kushandiswa kweEthereum node zvichibva pamutauro weGo programming. Unogona kuishandisa muzvikamu zvitatu zvakasiyana: interactive console, JSON-RPC server, uye command line.

Fog parizvino ndiyo sarudzo yakakwana yekushandisa smart zvibvumirano uye zvakare yakakwana node wallet. Chinhu chinoshamisa cheMist chinoita kuti ive imwe yeakanakisa blockchain zvishandiso ndeye Ethereum tag pairi.

🌿 Iwo mashanu makuru blockchains

✔️ Ethereum (ETH)

Ethereum ndeye blockchain protocol inofungidzirwa na Vitalik Buterin, mugadziri weRussia-Canada. Blockchain tekinoroji inobvumira ruzivo kuchengetwa uye kufambiswa nenzira yakajeka, yakachengeteka uye isina yepakati control body.

Yakatangwa muna 2015, Ethereum, yechipiri blockchain maererano nekukosha mushure meBitcoin, inobvumira kuvandudzwa kwe decentralized applications, inonzi Dapps.

Yakasiyana neBitcoin, iyo inongotarisa pakubhadhara peer-to-peer. Makumi ezviuru zvevagadziri vari kuvaka maapplication paEthereum emari, varaidzo, gore, uye maindasitiri ezvivakwa. Iyo Ethereum blockchain yekuvandudza nharaunda ndeimwe yeakakura uye anoshanda zvakanyanya pasirese.

Ethereum ndiyo inotungamira blockchain ine $184,28 bhiriyoni TVL pane 375 protocol. Ari yakaiswa #2 nemusika capitalization ne $450,22 bhiriyoni. Yayo Mcap/TVL chiyero ndeye 2,89927, iyo inoratidza kuti capitalization yeETH ingangoita 3 nguva iyo yakazara mari inoiswa mune network.

The main protocol ndiyo Curve Decentralized Platform (CRV). Yayo TVL imadhora 22,4 bhiriyoni uye Mcap/TVL ye0,09024. Hutongi hwayo 12,16% pamusoro pemamwe blockchain protocol.

✔️ Binance Smart Chain (BNB)

Iyo Binance Smart Chain (BSC) inogona kutsanangurwa se blockchain inoshanda mukuenderana neBinance Chain. Kusiyana neBinance Chain, BSC inokutendera kuti uronge zvibvumirano zvakangwara uye inoenderana neEthereum Virtual Machine (EVM).

Saka chinangwa chayo ndechekusiya zvakadaro kutengeserana kumhanya yeBinance Chain pavanenge vachiunza zvibvumirano zvakangwara mune yavo ecosystem.

Muchokwadi, iwo maviri blockchains anoshanda pamwechete. Tinogona kutora dambudziko kuona kuti BSC haisi mhinduro kudambudziko re scalability yemhando yemhando maviri kana kure-ketani. Iyi ichokwadi yakazvimiririra blockchain inogona kushanda kunyangwe pasina Binance Chain.

Izvozvo zvakati, nzira mbiri idzi dzine kufanana kwakasimba maererano nekugadzirwa. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve musiyano pakati peBinance Smart Chain uye Binance Chain.

Binance Smart Cheni pachinzvimbo chechipiri yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwakakiyiwa, ne $ 20,68 bhiriyoni TVL yakapararira kune 246 protocol. Binance Coin iri pachinhanho chechitatu maererano nemari yemusika ne88,63 bhiriyoni. Yayo Mcap/TVL chiyero ndeye 5,24438, izvo zvinoratidza kuti iyo BNB capitalization inopfuura 5 nguva iyo yakazara mari inoiswa mumambure.

The main protocol ndiyo PancakeSwap yakasarudzika chikuva (KEKE). Yayo TVL imadhora 8,03 bhiriyoni uye Mcap/TVL ye0,3806, ine 38,83% kutonga pamusoro pemamwe blockchain protocol.

✔️Terra (LUNA)

Terra ndiyo yechitatu yakakura blockchain nehuwandu hwakakiyiwa. Yayo TVL iUS $ 18,29 bhiriyoni pamaprotocol gumi nemana chete. Ndiyo ketani ine mashoma maprotocol pakati pepamusoro 14, inogara ichisvika pamutengo wekudyara wepamusoro.

Terra iri pa 9th chinzvimbo maererano nemusika capitalization ne 31,38 bhiriyoni US madhora. Yayo Mcap / TVL index ndeye 1,73468, iyo inoratidza kuti capitalization yeLUNA isingasviki 2 nguva yakakura kupfuura iyo yakazara mari inoiswa mumambure. Iva indekisi yakaderera pakati pe5.

The main protocol is Anchor (ANC). Yayo TVL ndeye $8,51 bhiriyoni ine Mcap/TVL ye0,07695. Iyo ine 46,53% kutonga pamusoro pemamwe blockchain protocol.

✔️ Mhirizhonga (AVAX)

Avalanche ndiyo yechina yakakura blockchain nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwakakiyiwa, iine $14,31 bhiriyoni TVL mhiri 117 protocol.

Mhirizhonga (AVAX) iri pachinzvimbo chechi11 nemusika capitalization ne25,94 mabhiriyoni emadhora ekuAmerica. Yayo MCap/TVL chiyero ndeye 2,16989. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti capitalization yeAVAX ingangoita kaviri huwandu hwese hwakaiswa mumambure. Iyo ine yechipiri yakaderera mwero pakati pe2.

The main protocol ndeye Aave (AAVE). Yayo TVL iUS $ 3,16 bhiriyoni uye Mcap/TVL ye1,06539, ine 22,08% kutonga pamusoro pemamwe blockchain protocol. Kuve iyo huru protocol yeiyo yakakura MCap/TVL pakati pevamwe mundima iyi.

✔️ Kuruboshwe (LEFT)

Solana ndiyo imwe huru blockchain yatinogona kuva nayo. Inoisa nhamba 5 muhuwandu hunokosha hwakakiyiwa, iine TVL yemadhora 11,59 bhiriyoni pamapuroteni makumi mana nerimwe chete.

Solana ari pa 5th maererano nemusika capitalization ne54,16 mabhiriyoni emadhora ekuAmerica. Iyo ine Mcap/TVL chiyero che4,69662. Zvinoratidza kuti capitalization yeSOL inodarika 4 nguva yakakura kupfuura iyo yakazara mari yakaiswa mucheni. Izvo zvinogona kuratidza kuwandisa kwechiratidzo, sezvakaita muBNB.

The main dzakati inonzi Raydium (RAY). Iyo ine TVL yeUS $ 1,59 bhiriyoni uye Mcap/TVL ye0,34154, ine 13,59% kutonga pamusoro pemamwe blockchain protocol.

🌿 Muchidimbu

Pakupera kwekutarisa uku, isu tinoziva kuti blockchain yakanyanya kupfuura a kuvandudzwa kwemichina : inotakura mhodzi dzechimurenga chaicho. Nekuda kwezvimiro zvayo zve decentralization, pachena uye chengetedzo, inovhura nzira kune mitsva paradigms yekutsinhana pakati pevanhu, kunyangwe kupfuura cryptoassets.

Concrete application ichangotanga kubuda, ingave yakagadziridzwa cheni dzekugovera, tamper-proof mavhoti emagetsi kana akagovaniswa marekodhi ekurapa. Uye chete kufambira mberi kweramangwana maererano nekuyera uye ruzivo rwemushandisi kuchaita kuti zvikwanise kuenzanisa nyaya dzekushandisa idzi.

Asi iyo inogona ndeyechokwadi ye blockchain kuchengetedza zvipikirwa zvayo zveInternet yekukosha, kupi kuvimba kunokosha yakavakwa mukutsinhana. Pamwe chete nezvimwe zvitsva zviri kusimukira zvakaita sehungwaru hwekugadzira, hapana kupokana kuti tekinoroji iyi ichava nebasa rakakosha rekuita mukuvaka nyika yemangwana.