Zvese nezve mari yekushandisa

Kushanda mari nhasi zvakaoma kunzwisisa nemamwe makambani. Kuziva kuti bhizinesi rakafanana nechitima, rinoda mafuta kuti rienderere mberi. Mari yekushandisa saka iyi peturu inodiwa nekambani.

Ndiye anopa mukana kune kambani kuburitsa kukosha uye kuenderera mberi nekusimudzira. Tine mhando dzemotokari dzinodya zvakanyanya kupfuura dzimwe, dzimwe nguva dzinoputsika.

Zvakafanana nemabhizinesi. Kana iwe usingade kuzviwana uchipera gasi pakati pemugwagwa kana kuputsika, iwe unofanirwa kutora yako Kudiwa mumari.

Muchikamu chino tinokuudza zvose pamusoro pekushanda mari (FR). Asi tisati tatanga, heinoi nzira yekubuda nayo muchikwereti?

Handeyi!!

🌿 Chii chinonzi Working Capital?

Iyo FR ndiyo kuyerwa kwakarurama kwehutano hwemari pamwe nekushanda zvakanaka kwekambani. Inomiririra huwandu hwezvinhu zvazvino izvo kambani inofanirwa kupa mari zvisungo zvayo zvenguva pfupi uye mashandiro ezuva nezuva.

Current assets zvinosanganisira mari, maakaundi anogamuchirwa (mari inokweretwa kubhizinesi nevatengi varo) uye inventory (zvinhu zvinotengeswa).

Kune rumwe rutivi, zvisungo zvenguva pfupi, inozivikanwawo sezvikwereti zvazvino, zvinosanganisira maakaundi anobhadharwa (mari iyo kambani ine chikwereti kuvatengesi vayo), mihoro nemihoro, uye mitero. Mari yekushanda inoverengwa se kubvisa zvikwereti zvazvino zvezvinhu zvazvino.

Un RF positive inoratidza kuti kambani ine midziyo yakakwana yekuzadzisa zvisungo zvayo zvenguva pfupi uye nekubhadhara mabasa ayo. Zvisinei a FR negative zvinoratidza kuti bhizinesi ringaomerwa nekubhadhara mariivhoisi aro nenguva. Ichi chiratidzo chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya kana kuongororwa kwemari.

🌿 Maitiro ekunyatso gadzirisa mari yekushanda?

Pane nzira dzinoverengeka dzemabhizinesi dzinogona kushandisa kubata nemazvo mari yavo yekushanda. Heano mashoma:

✔️ Optimization yemazinga emasheya

Kugadzirisa mazinga ezvinyorwa chinhu chakakosha cheRF manejimendi. Bhizinesi rine zvinhu zvakawandisa rinogona kusungira zviwanikwa zvakakosha zvinogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya kune imwe nzvimbo.

Sezvineiwo, kambani ine masheya akadzikira inogona kunetseka kusangana nezvinodiwa nevatengi uye kupotsa mikana yekutengesa.

✔️ Nhaurirano yemazuva ekubhadhara kweanopa

Mabhizinesi anogona kutaurirana nevanopa mari kuti vavandudze mari yavo yekushanda.

Somuenzaniso, kambani inogona kukwanisa kutaurirana nguva refu yekubhadhara ichichinjana nemaodha makuru kana kuderedzwa kwevhoriyamu.

✔️ Yakavandudzwa muunganidzwa wemaakaundi evatengi

Maakaundi anogamuchirwa manejimendi chimwe chinhu chakakosha chekushanda mari manejimendi. Bhizinesi rinokwanisa kuunganidza maakaundi aro anogamuchirwa panguva yakakodzera richava nesimba rekushanda mari.

✔️Akaunti inobhadharwa manejimendi

Mabhizinesi anogona zvakare kubata FR yavo nekunyatso maneja maakaundi avo anobhadharwa. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kutaurirana nezvemabhadharo ekubhadhara zvakanaka nevatengesi, kutora mukana wekuderedzwa kwekubhadhara nekukurumidza, uye kushandisa nzira dzekutarisira kuyerera kwemari dzakadai sekubatanidza kubhadhara uye kubatanidza vatengesi.

✔️Kugadzirisa manejimendi emari

Kushanda mari manejimendi ndiko yakakosha pakubata mari yekushandisa. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kushandisa nzira dzakaita sekudzikisa mari isingakodzeri, kukwenenzvera zvikero zvemari, uye kuita hurongwa hwekufanotaura mari.

✔️ Kushandisa zviridzwa zvemari 

Makambani anogona zvakare kushandisa zviridzwa zvemari zvakaita semitsara yechikwereti kana zvikwereti zvenguva pfupi kubata RF yavo.

Izvi zviridzwa zvinogona kupa kwenguva pfupi sosi yemari yekuzadzisa zvisungo zvenguva pfupi uye kugadzirisa chinzvimbo cheRF chekambani.

✔️ Shandisa mari yekugovera cheni

Supply chain financing inzira yekubhadhara iyo inosanganisira kushandisa wechitatu kupa mari maakaundi ekambani anobhadharwa. Izvi zvinogona kuvandudza chinzvimbo chekambani yeFR nekusunungura mari yaizosungirwa mumaakaundi anobhadharwa.

🌿 Nei uchichengeta mwero wakanaka wemari yekushandisa?

Zvakakosha kuti mabhizinesi agare achiongorora mazinga emari ekushanda. Hezvino zvimwe zvikonzero:

✔️ Yemabhizinesi ane zviitiko zvemwaka

Bhizinesi rinoshanda muindasitiri yemwaka yakawanda ringangoda kuchengetedza chiyero chepamusoro cheFR kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti ine mari yakakwana yekuyerera kuti isangane nezvisungo zvayo mumwaka wakaderera.

Bhizinesi rine nguva refu yekushanda ingangoda kuchengetedza a chiyero chepamusoro cheFR kuona kuti ine mari yakakwana yekubhadhara mari dzekushanda kwayo ichimirira kuti zvigadzirwa zvayo zvitengeswe nekushandurwa kuita mari.

✔️ Kune makambani ane kutenderera kwakareba

Saizvozvo, kambani inogadzira ine kutenderera kwenguva refu ingangoda RF yepamusoro pane kambani yebasa ine ipfupi yekushandisa kutenderera.

Uyezve, kambani ine njodzi yakanyanya inogona kuda mari yakawanda yekushanda kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti ine zviwanikwa zvakakwana kumamiriro ekunze anogona kuitika madutu.

🌿Maitiro ekuverenga mari yekushandisa?

Kuverengera kushanda capital iri nyore. Kana uchinge wawana iyo FR, unogona kududzira mhedzisiro yakawanikwa:

✔️ Positive working capital 

Inokodzera kuwana zviwanikwa zvakasara. Saka izvi zvinoreva kuti kambani yako ine zvimwe zviwanikwa zvinoibvumidza kubhadhara zvakasiyana siyana zvaingangosangana nazvo. Panguva ino, iwe unofanirwa kuenzanisa FR yako kune yako yekushanda capital zvinodiwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mari yako inogona kubata uye kuvhara zvaunoda.

✔️ Negative kushanda mari

Izvi zvinoreva kuti wako bhizimisi riri kuoma uye kuti haina mari inodiwa yekubhadhara zvese zvayaida.

Panguva ino, anozofanira kuedza kuzvipa mari kuyerera kwemari kwenguva pfupi. Mune ino mamiriro, isu tinokurudzira kuti iwe uwedzere mari, iyo inowedzera yako iripo zviwanikwa mukambani.

✔️Kushanda mari iri zero

Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kambani yako inogona kubhadharira zvizere mari yayo. Asi maererano nezvido zvayo zveramangwana, haangagoni kuzvitsungirira.

Saka, haisi a kumira kwakanaka kwazvo ichafanirwa kurwisana nematanho anoibvumira kuwedzera zviwanikwa zvayo, sekutora chikwereti chenguva refu. Nekuita kudaro, ichakwanisa kuvhara ichi chinodiwa uye kuenderera mberi nemabasa ayo mukati mamiriro akanaka.

⛳️ Chii chinonzi normative working capital?

The normative working capital is iyo shoma level yekushanda mari iyo kambani inotarisirwa kuchengetedza kuitira kuti izadzise zvido zvayo zvemari nekushanda. Inoverengerwa zvichienderana neindasitiri zviyero uye chaiwo mamiriro ekambani.

Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kukanganisa FRN yekambani, kusanganisira chimiro chezviitwa zvayo, kureba kwekuita kwayo kutenderera uye nhanho yenjodzi ine chekuita nemabasa ayo. Kuchengeta mwero wakaringana wenormative working capital kwakakosha kune kugadzikana kwemari uye kubudirira kwenguva refu kwebhizimisi.

Bhizinesi rine mari shoma yekushanda rinogona kunetseka kuzadzisa zvisungo zvaro zvenguva pfupi. Uye kusakwanisa kushandisa mikana yekukura nekuwedzera.

Kune rumwe rutivi, kambani ine mari yekushanda iri kuwandisa kunogona kutambisa zviwanikwa iyo inogona kushandiswa zvirinani kuita purofiti kana kupa mari kumwe kuisirwa mari.

🔰 Nzira dzekutarisa dzinowanzoshanda capital

Inoverengerwa zvichienderana neindasitiri zviyero uye chaiwo mamiriro ekambani. Pane nzira dzinoverengeka dzinogona kushandiswa kuverenga normative working capital, kusanganisira dzinotevera:

Indasitiri mareferensi 

Iyi nzira inosanganisira kuenzanisa mari yekambani yekushanda ichipikisa mabhenji eindasitiri kuona kana iri padanho rakakodzera..

 Semuyenzaniso, kambani iri muindastiri yekutengesa inogona kuenzanisa mari yayo yekushanda neavhareji yeindasitiri kuti ione kana iri pamusoro kana pasi pezvakajairwa.

Kutenderera kwekushanda 

Iyi nzira inosanganisira kuverenga kutenderera kwekambani uye kuona huwandu hwemari yekushandisa inodiwa kupa mari kutenderera uku. Kutenderera kwemari ndiyo nguva yainotora kushandura mbishi kuita zvinhu zvapera zvozoita mari.

The working capital ratio 

Iyi nzira inosanganisira kuverenga iyo inoshanda capital ratio, inova reshiyo pakati pezvinhu zvazvino uye zvikwereti zvazvino.

A yekushanda capital ratio ye1,0 inoratidza kuti kambani ine huwandu hwakaenzana hwezvinhu zvazvino uye zvikwereti, nepo chiyero chikuru kupfuura 1,0 inoratidza kuti kambani ine zvinhu zvazvino kupfuura zvikwereti, uye a reshiyo isingasviki 1,0 inoratidza kuti kambani ine zvikwereti zvakawanda kupfuura zvinhu.

Iyo Cash Conversion Cycle

Iyi nzira inosanganisira kuverenga kutenderera kwemari. Ndiko kuti, nguva inotora kuti kambani ishandure zvigadzirwa zvayo kuita mari. Kutenderera kwemari kunoverengerwa nekubvisa huwandu hwemazuva anotora kutengesa heta kubva kuhuwandu hwemazuva anotora kubhadhara maakaundi anobhadharwa.

Nzira yekushanda kutenderera

Iyo cash cycle approach inoverenga normative working capital. Izvi zvinoenderana nenguva yazvinotora kuti bhizinesi rishandure mbishi kuita zvinhu zvapera zvozoita mari.

Iyi nzira inofunga nezveiyo kambani inoshanda kutenderera uye nhanho yengozi ine chekuita nekushanda kwayo.

Yakagadziriswa chikamu chekutengesa nzira

Iyo yakatarwa muzana yenzira yekutengesa inoverengera FRN sechikamu cheiyo kambani inotarisirwa kutengesa. Iyi nzira inobva pane pfungwa yokuti imwe mari yekushanda inodiwa kuti itsigire imwe neimwe yekutengesa unit.

Indasitiri avhareji nzira

Iyo indasitiri yeavhareji nzira inoverengera inotsika mari yekushanda zvichibva paavhareji yekushanda mari mazinga emamwe makambani muindasitiri imwe chete. Iyi nzira yakavakirwa papfungwa yekuti makambani ari muchikamu chimwe chete ane mari yekushanda yakafanana.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti hapana imwe-saizi-inokodzera-yese nzira yekuverenga iyo FRN. Mabhizinesi anofanirwa kufunga nezvemamiriro avo uye vosarudza nzira inonyatsoenderana nezvavanoda.

🌿 Sei mari yekushanda yakakosha yakakosha?

Kuchengeta mwero wakaringana wenormative working capital kwakakosha pakugadzikana kwemari uye kubudirira kwenguva refu kwebhizinesi.

Bhizinesi rine mari shoma yekushanda rinogona kunetseka kuzadzisa zvisungo zvaro zvenguva pfupi uye kutadza kutora mikana yekukura nekuwedzera. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko emari kana kubhuroka.

Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kudzoka kwekudyara kwakaderera uye kuderedzwa kwevashizha. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuchengetedza mwero wakaringana wenormative working capital nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati:

Kugadzikana kwemari

Bhizinesi rine mari shoma yekushanda rinogona kunetseka kuzadzisa zvisungo zvaro zvenguva pfupi uye nenjodzi yekunetseka kwemari. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira mukunetseka kuwana mari, kuomerwa kubhadhara mabhiri nenguva, uye pamwe kunyange kubhuroka.

Kushanda zvakanaka

Mari yekushandisa inoshandiswa kupa mari mashandiro ezuva nezuva ebhizinesi. Bhizinesi rine mari yekushanda isina kukwana rinogona kunetseka kuzadzisa zvido zvaro zvekushanda uye kutadza kushanda nemazvo.

Kukura uye kuwedzera

Bhizinesi rine mari yekushanda yakakwana richava nezviwanikwa zvekutora mikana yekukura nekuwedzera. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kune yakawedzera purofiti uye kukosha kwekugovana.

Investor confidence

Vagadziri vemari uye vanoongorora zvemari vanowanzo shandisa mari yekushandisa kuyera hutano hwemari uye kugadzikana kwekambani. Kambani ine hutano hwehutano hweFRN inonyanya kukwezva mari uye kuunza kusatya kwevanodyara mari.

Saka zvakakosha kuti makambani anyatso gadzirisa mari yavo yenormative yekushanda. Izvi zvinovagonesa kuwana chiyero chine hutano pakati pemari yakakwana uye kushandiswa nemazvo kwezviwanikwa. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuve nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwemari uye kubudirira kwenguva refu kwebhizinesi.

🌿 FAQ: Zvese nezve mari yekushandisa

✔️Ndeipi mibairo yekusakwana mari yekushandisa?

Mhedzisiro yekusakwana FR inogona kusanganisira kushushikana kwemari, kuomerwa nekuwana mari, kunetseka kubhadhara mabhiri nenguva, kana kunyange kubhuroka. Inogonawo kutungamirira kune kusashanda kwekushanda uye kuoma kushandisa mikana yekukura.

✔️Iko kushanda capital calculation kunodiwa here?

Sezvinongoita mutyairi ane hunyanzvi anoongorora mota yake mushure menguva yakati, maneja webhizinesi akanaka inofanira kuongorora hutano hwemari yekambani yake kuve nechokwadi chekuti anogona kuzadzisa zvisungo zvake mukati menguva yakatarwa. Kune izvi, chimwe chezvishandiso zvakanakisa ndiko kutsunga kwemari yekushandisa.

Takapedza. Tinovimba kuti mari yekushanda haina zvakavanzika kwauri. Tisiyei maonero enyu mumacomments.