Zvese nezve stock market

Iwe unoda kuziva zvese nezve stock market? Carefree. Musika wemasheya inzvimbo yepakati apo migove yemakambani anotengeswa pachena inotengwa nekutengeswa. Izvo zvakasiyana kubva kune mamwe misika mune izvo zvinotengeswa midziyo inongogumira kumasheya, mabhondi, uye zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa.  

Mumusika uyu, vanoisa mari vari kutsvaga zvekushandisa mariri uye makambani kana vanopa vanoda kupa mari mapurojekiti avo. Mapoka ese ari maviri anotengeserana zvibatiso, senge masheya, mabhondi uye mutual fund, kuburikidza nevamiriri (maajenti, vatengesi uye vanochinjana).

Chinangwa chikuru cheiyo kudzidza ndechekubatsira pakufamba kwemari, nokudaro zvichibatsira kugadzikana kwemari nemari. Nokudaro kushandiswa kwedemocracy kwemisika yezvivimbiso kunokurudzira kuvandudzwa kwemamwe maitiro anoshanda uye akachengeteka emari. Muchikamu chino, ini ndichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezvemusika wemasheya.

Chii chinonzi stock market?

Izwi rokuti " bourse » kazhinji inoreva kune imwe yemisika mikuru yemusika, senge Dow Jones Industrial Average kana kuti Standard & Poor's 500. Paunotenga stock yekambani yeruzhinji, uri kutenga chikamu chidiki chekambani iyoyo. Nekuti zvakaoma kutevera kambani yese, maDow neS&P indexes anosanganisira chikamu chemusika wemasheya uye kuita kwavo kunoonekwa sekumiririra musika wese.

Kudyara mumusika wemasheya, haufanire kuve zviri pamutemo " investor ". Iyo scholarship yakavhurika kune wese munhu. Iwe unogona kuona musoro wenhau unoti musika wekutengesa wakadonha, kana kuti wakavhara kumusoro kana kuderera kwezuva.

Kazhinji kazhinji, izvi zvinoreva kuti indices yemusika wemasheya yakakwira kana pasi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti masheya ari mukati meiyo index akawana kana kurasikirwa kukosha zvachose. Vanoisa mari vanotenga nekutengesa masheya vanotarisira kuita purofiti kubva mukufamba kwemutengo wemasheya.

Hunhu hwemusika wemari

Pakati peakanyanya kukosha maitiro emusika wemasheya ndeaya anotevera:

The profitability

Nekudyara mumusika wemari, munhu anotarisira kuwana kudzoka kwayo. Chimwe chinhu chinogona kuitika nenzira mbiri: Kuunganidzwa kwezvikamu uye musiyano pakati pemutengo wekutengesa uye mutengo wekutenga wezvibatiso. Mune mamwe mazwi, nekuwana mari kana kurasikirwa kunowanikwa.

Chengetedzo

Tiri kutaura nezvemusika wemari. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kukosha kunogona kukwira kana kudzika, zvichienderana nekushanduka kwemusika. Zviripachena, izvi zvinomiririra njodzi, nekuti hazvizivikanwe nechokwadi kana mari yacho ichaunza purofiti.

Investment mumasecurity enguva refu ane mukana wakakura wekuva mari ine pundutso uye yakachengeteka. Imwe nzira yekudzikisa njodzi kana kuisa mari ndeye la diversification. Nenzira iyi, mukana wekuva nekurasikirwa unoderera.

Liquidity

Zviri nyore kwazvo kuisa mari muzvibatiso, saka kutenga nekutengesa kunoitwa nekukurumidza.

Musika wemasheya unoshanda sei?

Pfungwa iri shure kwekushanda kwemusika wekutengesa ndeye zvakapfava. Musika wemasheya unobvumira vatengi nevatengesi kutaurirana nezvemitengo uye kuita kutengeserana.

Musika wemasheya unoshanda kuburikidza netiweki yekutsinhana kwemasheya. Makambani anonyora masheya avo pastock exchange kuburikidza nehurongwa hunonzi public offer yekutanga kana Pakutanga Kupa Ruzhinji. Vashandi vanotenga zvikamu izvi, vachibvumira kambani kukwidza mari yekuwedzera bhizinesi rayo. Vagadziri vemari vanogona kubva vatenga nekutengesa zvikamu izvi pakati pavo, uye shanduko inoteedzera kupihwa uye kudiwa kwega rega rakanyorwa.

Uku kupa uye kudiwa kunobatsira kuona mutengo wechengetedzo yega yega, kana mazinga ayo vatori vechikamu pamusika wemasheya vanoda kutenga kana kutengesa.

Vatengi vanoita "chipo", kana mari yepamusoro yavanoda kubhadhara, iyo inowanzova shoma pane iyo vatengesi "vanokumbira" mukutsinhana. Musiyano uyu unonzi kushambadza-kukumbira kupararira. Kuti kutengeserana kuitike, mutengi anofanira kuwedzera mutengo wavo kana mutengesi anofanira kuderedza yavo. Ndiwo mashandiro anoita musika wemasheya.

Chii chinonzi kusagadzikana kwemusika wemasheya?

Kuisa mari mumusika wemari kunosanganisira njodzi, asi nemaitiro ekudyara akakodzera, zvinogona kuitwa zvakachengeteka nengozi shoma yekurasikirwa kwenguva refu. the zuva wokutengesera, izvo zvinoda kukurumidza kutenga uye kutengesa masheya zvichienderana nekushanduka kwemitengo, ine njodzi huru.

Sezvineiwo, kuisa mari mumusika wemasheya kwenguva refu kwakaratidza kuva nzira yakanaka yekuvaka hupfumi hwenguva refu.

Somuenzaniso, iyo S&P 500 ine nhoroondo yeavhareji yegore rose yekudzoka inosvika gumi muzana isati yagadzirisa inflation. Nekudaro, musika hauwanzo kupa iyi gore-pamusoro-gore kudzoka.

Mamwe makore musika wemasheya unogona kupedzisira wadonha zvakanyanya, mamwe achikwira zvakanyanya. Uku kushanduka kwakakosha kunokonzerwa nekusagadzikana kwemusika.

Kana iwe uchishingairira kutenga uye kutengesa masheya, pane mukana wakanaka wekuti iwe uchaita chikanganiso pane imwe nguva, kutenga kana kutengesa panguva isiriyo, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa. Kiyi yekuisa mari yakachengeteka ndeyekuramba wakadyarwa mune yakaderera-mutengo index index inoteedzera musika wakakura, saka madzokero ako anoratidza avhareji yenhoroondo.

Chii chinotengeswa pastock exchange?

Pamusika wemasheya, isu hatingonyoreri chete kumasheya asiwo kutengeserana mune zvimwe zvinhu zvemari. Kureva kuti, ese midziyo yemari idzo makambani akafunga kutengesa kana kutengeserana nekuda kwemari yavanoda.

Kusiyana pakati peFixed Income uye Stocks

Zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa izvi zvakakamurwa kuita mapoka makuru maviri anonzi mari yakatarwa kana mari inochinja. Rudzi rwemari rwunobva pakuti madzosero anotambirwa nemuitisi anofanotemerwa kana kuti kwete, zvichiteerana.

Mukati memari yakatarwa, unogona kuwana chikwereti, uye equities iboka rechipiri, equities. Iyi nzira yekupedzisira inofarirwa nemakambani kana zvichidikanwa kuzvipa mari pamusika wemasheya.

Kune zvakare zvigadzirwa zvakasanganiswa izvo zviri musanganiswa wezviri pamusoro, sezvazvakaita convertible bonds. Vanotanga vagadzira chimbadzo chakagadziriswa vozoshandura kuita security securities. Imwe mhando mabhondi ane waranti, iyo iyo investor anowanawo kodzero yeprimiyamu kana kutendeuka mune imwe pfuma yepfuma.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti pamusika wemari, haasi ese akanyorwa equity securities ane mukurumbira wakafanana. Chokwadi, ivo havagovani zvakafanana zvirevo zvemari uye havagoverane zvinotarisirwa zvakafanana. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo humwe hunhu huchava nemukurumbira kupfuura vamwe kana vakaenzaniswa. Uye zvakare inofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pane:

Common shares uye migove yaanofarira

Migovewo zvayo zvibatiso zvisina chero mhando yekodzero dzakakosha kunze kweiyo yakapihwa nemutemo uye zvakare mune zvinyorwa zvekambani zvemubatanidzwa. Migove yakajairika ndeiyo inokwanisa kupa kodzero dzakafanana kune vese varidzi vadzo pasina chero rudzi rwemusiyano.

Migove inofarirwa, kune rumwe rutivi, ndeiya inopa varidzi kana varidzi vadzo imwe mhando yekodzero yakakosha. Somuenzaniso, tinogona kutaura kuti kana kambani ikabhuroka, vanenge vari vagovani nevaridzi vanozopihwa mari yekupedzisira. Chokwadi, vakweretesi vari pamberi pavo uye pakati pevagovani, zvibatiso zvinosarudzwa zvakasununguka kuunganidzwa pamberi pevamwe.

Zvakanakira uye kuipa kwemisika yemasheya

Misika yemasheya ine zvinoverengeka zvakanakira nezvayakaipira. Aya mabhenefiti ari ese ari maviri emakambani akanyorwa uye kune vanoisa mari vanoda kutengesa ipapo.

Zvakanakira Stock Markets

IPO inounza imwe mukurumbira kukambani. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kune ekare mastock exchange, akadai seaya ari muAmsterdam, London, uye New York. IPO inoreva zvakare kuti vanoisa mari vanogona kutenga zvikamu mukambani, vachibatsira kuti ikure kuburikidza nekutsvaga mari.

Nekushanda pamusika wemasheya, vanoisa mari vane njodzi shoma yekusagadzikana kwevamwe. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nepamusoro-soro yemitemo, iyo nzira dzekutengesa dzeOTC dzisina.

Pamusoro pezvo, makambani anoita sevatengesi vepamhepo akaita kuti zvive nyore kune vanoisa mari kuti vawane misika yemasheya.

Zvakaipa zveStock Markets

Kuenda kuruzhinji imari huru yenguva nemari yemabhizinesi. Uye zvakare, kana vangonyorwa, ivo vanozofanira kupindura kune vagovani vane masheya.

Kutengeserana pamusika wemari hakuvimbisi kugadzikana. Misika yemasheya inonetseka nekusagadzikana kwemusika, izvo zvinoreva kuti panogona kuve nekushanduka kukuru kwemitengo yemasheya, kazhinji mukupindura kune zvematongerwo enyika uye zvehupfumi zviitiko pasi rese.

Misika yemasheya inogonawo kuparara. Kunyangwe zvisingawanzo, kuparara kwemusika wemasheya kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kukosha kwemasheya uye kukonzera kuderera kwehupfumi kunogara kwemakore. Vatengesi nevashambadziri vanogona kubata kuratidzwa kwavo kumusika wemasheya nekushandisa hurongwa hwekutarisira njodzi.

Mimwe mienzaniso yemisika yemasheya

Misika inonyanya kukosha ndeye:

Iyo New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)

NYSE ndiyo musika mukuru wemasheya pasi rose, uri pa11 Wall Street, New York City, United States. NYSE ine mazana maviri nemakumi mana emakambani akanyorwa anosanganisira akawanda eblue chip makambani akaita seWalmart, Berkshire Hathaway Inc, JP Morgan Chase, nezvimwe.

Ndiyo imwe yemisika yekare yakavambwa muna 1792. Mari yemusika yemakambani ese akanyorwa paNYSE inoita $22,9 trillion muna 2021.

Avhareji yemazuva ese yekutengesa vhoriyamu iri pakati pe2 uye 6 bhiriyoni shares. NYSE ndiyo chete shanduko muUnited States inopa kutengesa kwepasi kune vatengesi vakuru. Inopa kutengesa mune dzakasiyana siyana zvemari zviridzwa sekuchinjana-kutengesa mari (ETFs), masheya, mabhondi, uye akati wandei sarudzo.

Mamiriro evaridzi veNYSE akachinja muna 2006, payakabatana neArchipelago Holdings kuti iite NYSE Group, Inc. Tichitarisira shanduko iyi, zvigaro zvekupedzisira pakuchinjana zvakatengeswa muna Zvita 2005.

Vese vane zvigaro vakava vagovanisi veNYSE Group. Kubatanidzwa neEuronext NV, boka reEuropean stock exchanges, rakagadzira kambani inobata NYSE Euronext muna 2007. Muna 2008, NYSE Euronext yakawana American Stock Exchange (yakazonzi NYSE Amex Equities).

Indekisi huru yekutsinhana iyi ndeye iyo DOW JONES INDUSTRIAL AVERAGE.

NASDAQ

Iyo NASDAQ ndiyo yechipiri yakakura otomatiki uye yemagetsi stock exchange muUnited States uye yekutanga muNew York. Saizi yaro ndeyekuti huwandu hwayo hwekutengesa paawa hwakakura kupfuura hwekutsinhana kupi zvako munyika.

PaNASDAQ, anopfuura 7000 masheya akanyorwa. Makambani ari kutora chikamu anoratidzirwa nechimiro chepamusoro tekinoroji, IT uye biotechnology. Iyo inotungamirwa muNew York uye inomiririra indices ndiyo Nasdaq 100 bv Le Nasdaq Composite.

Kupi kwekuona musika wepasi rose munguva chaiyo 

Mazuva ano, zviri nyore kuziva uye kutevera kurarama kukuru kuchinjana kwenyika. Kukwanisa kuona kukwira nekudzika kwemusika wemasheya munguva chaiyo inzira yekuzvimisa muchokwadi chehupfumi hwenyika.

Kune akawanda mapuratifomu ekutevera mitengo yemasheya munguva chaiyo. Pamusoro pezvo, kudiwa kwerudzi urwu rweruzivo kwaita kuti masaiti akawanda ape aya indexes. Zvimwe zvacho ndezvi:

• Megabolsa.com
• Planet Forex
• Investing.com
• L'économiste
• Ecobolsa

Kune zvakare sarudzo yezvishandiso zvemidziyo ine Android kana iOS inoshanda sisitimu. Aya maapplication akasiyana zvakanyanya uye anochinjika kune ese marudzi ezvido. Zvimwe zvezvinonyanya kukosha ndezvi:

Bloomberg : Sangano reruzivo rwezvemari rinonyanya kushanda pamusika wemasheya. Nekuda kwekushandisa kwayo iwe uchave uine chaiyo-nguva yekuwana kukosha, stock market uye capital market news. Mifananidzo yaro inobatsira zvikuru.

Yahoo! Mari : Vashandisi vachakwanisa kugadzira portfolio yezvibatiso ine zvakawanda kana zvishoma zvine njodzi zvigadzirwa. Kuti iwe ugone kuita sarudzo yekuisa mari panguva chaiyo. Icho chiri nyore uye chiri nyore kushandisa.

Google Finance: Chimwe chinyoreso chiri nyore chinokurudzirwa kunyanya kune vanotanga.

Nekudaro, zviri nani kudzokorodza kushanyira akati wandei emapeji akanyorwa. Pamusoro pekutarisa zvinopfuura chimwe chezvishandiso izvi, nekuti nekusiyanisa data iri rese, munhu achawana ruzivo rwakanakisa.

Tisiyei zvinokunetsai mumacomments. Asi usati waenda, unogona kutenga kudzidziswa kwedu paTenzi mari yako yega Vhoriyamu 1.