Zvose pamusoro pemidziyo yemari

Zviridzwa zvemari zvinotsanangurwa se chibvumirano pakati pevanhu / mapato iyo inobata kukosha kwemari. Zvinogona kugadzirwa, kutaurirana, kugadziriswa kana kugadziriswa maererano nezvinodiwa nemapato anobatanidzwa. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chero asset inobata capital uye inogona kutengeswa musika wemari inonzi mudziyo wemari. Mimwe mienzaniso yezviridzwa zvemari ndeye macheki, masheya, mabhondi, ramangwana uye sarudzo zvibvumirano.

Zvemari zviridzwa zvinhu izvo zvinogona kutaurirana, kana kuti vanogonawo kuonekwa semasumbu emari inogona kutengeswa.

Mazhinji marudzi ezviridzwa zvemari anovimbisa kuyerera kwakanaka uye kuendesa mari kune vanoisa mari pasirese. Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kuva mari, kodzero yechibvumirano kuendesa kana kugamuchira mari kana imwe mhando yechishandiso chemari, kana humbowo hwemuridzi wesangano.

Muchikamu chino, chikwata che Finance de Demain akaita chitsidzo chekukuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve mari yekushandisa. Asi chekutanga, heino protocol inobvumidza iwe kuvaka yako Bhizinesi rekutanga painternet.

handeyi

🌿 Chii chinonzi mari yekushandisa?

Chiridzwa chemari chinoreva chero rudzi rweasset inogona kutengeswa nevaisiridzi mari, ingave chinhu chinobatika senge pfuma kana chibvumirano chechikwereti.

Zviridzwa zvemari zvinogona zvakare kusanganisira madziva emari anoshandiswa mukudyara, kwete chinhu chimwe chete. Ndeapi marudzi emidziyo anokodzera semidziyo yemari? Inogona kuva chero chinhu kubva kumari kusvika kumasheya.

Zvishandiso zvemari zvinogona kuva magwaro chaiwo kana zvibvumirano chaiwo, zvinomiririra muridzi wechimwe chinhu chinokosha chemari. Pane zvikamu zvishoma zvakasiyana zvekufunga nezvazvo.

• Equity-based financial instruments: chibvumirano chinomiririra muridzi anobatsira weasiti
• Chikwereti-Backed Financial Instruments: chibvumirano chinomiririra chikwereti chakaitwa nemubhadharisi kune muridzi weasiti
• Zvemari zviridzwa zvekuchinja mari yekunze: chibvumirano chine chekuita ne Forex currency exchange rates

Muenzaniso wechiridzwa chemari

XYZ Limited ikambani yebhanga inopa mari yekushandisa sezvikwereti, mabhondi, zvikwereti, masheya uye zvibatiso zvinotsigirwa nevatengi vayo.

Izvi zvinogona kuita semari yekambani yebhangi yakataurwa asi kune vatengi, zvikwereti zvemari chete izvo zvinofanirwa kubhadharwa navo nenguva.

Nyaya yekuverenga: Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pemusika wenzvimbo nemusika wemangwana?

Nekune rumwe rutivi, mari inoiswa nevatengi mubhangi inoshanda semari yevatengi vanoisa zvakafanana nepo chikwereti chemari kukambani yebhangi.

🌿 Mhando dzemidziyo yemari

Zviridzwa zvemari zvinogona kunyanya kuiswa mumhando mbiri: zviridzwa zvinobva pamari, zviridzwa zvemari kana zviridzwa zvekuchinjana kune dzimwe nyika.

1. Zvinyorwa

Derivatives inogona kutsanangurwa semidziyo ine maitiro uye kukosha kwayo kunogona kutorwa kubva kune ayo ari pasi masangano akadai mhindu, indices kana midziyo, pakati pezvimwe. Kukosha kwezviridzwa izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa kubva mukushanda kwechikamu chepasi.

Kubva kumidziyo yezvemari ine kukosha kwayo kunotarwa kubva pazvinhu zviri pasi, zvakaita sezviwanikwa, mari, mabhondi, masheya uye indices dzemusika.

Mienzaniso mishanu yakajairika yezviridzwa zvakatorwa zvibvumirano zvekugadzira, ramangwana, remangwana, sarudzo, uye swaps. Pfungwa iyi inokurukurwa zvakadzama pazasi.

Synthetic Foreign Exchange Agreement (SAFE): A SAFE inoitika mumusika weover-the-counter (OTC) uye chibvumirano chinovimbisa mwero wakatarwa wekuchinjana kwenguva yakabvumiranwa.

mberi : A forward is a kondirakiti pakati pemapato maviri ayo anosanganisira customizable derivatives umo kuchinjana kunoitika pakupera kwekondirakiti pamutengo chaiwo.

Ramangwana : Musika weramangwana kana weramangwana chinhu chinobva kune chinopa shanduko yezvinobva pane yakatarwa zuva remangwana pane yakatemerwa mutengo wekuchinjana.

Sarudzo: Sarudzo chibvumirano pakati pemapato maviri umo mutengesi anopa mutengi kodzero yekutenga kana kutengesa huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvinobva pamutengo wakafanotarwa kwenguva yakatarwa.

Nyaya yekuverenga: Chii chaunofanira kuziva nezve stock market indices?

Kuchinjana kwemhindu: Chibereko chekuchinjanisa chibvumirano pakati pemapato maviri chinosanganisira kuchinjana kwemhindu apo mapato ega ega anobvuma kubhadhara mimwe mibairo pazvikwereti zvawo nemari dzakasiyana. Unogona kudzidza nezvazvo chinja mari pano.

2. Mari zviridzwa

Treasury instruments midziyo yemari ine kukosha kwayo kunokonzerwa zvakananga nemamiriro emisika. Vanotsanangurwa semidziyo inogona kuve nyore kutamiswa uye kuongororwa pamusika. Mukati memidziyo yepfuma, mune marudzi maviri: securities uye deposits, uye zvikwereti.

Zita chishandiso chemari chine ukoshi hwemari uye chinotengeswa pakuchinjana. Kana yatengwa kana kutengeswa, chibatiso chinomiririra muridzi wechikamu chekambani inotengeswa pachena.

deposits uye zvikwereti ese ari maviri anoonekwa semari yekushandisa nekuti anomiririra zvinhu zvemari zviri pasi peimwe mhando yechibvumirano chechibvumirano pakati pemapato.

3. Foreign Exchange Instruments

Zviridzwa zvechitsinhanho chekunze zvishandiswa zvemari zvinomiririrwa pamusika wekunze uye zvinosanganisira zvikuru zvibvumirano zvechitsinhanho chekunze uye zvinobva kune dzimwe nyika. Panyaya yezvibvumirano zvekutsinhana, zvinogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu.

Nyaya yekuverenga: Misika yemasheya yakanakisa munyika

Spot: Chibvumirano chekutsinhanisa kune dzimwe nyika umo kuchinjana chaiko kwemari kusati kwapfuura zuva rebhizimisi rechipiri mushure mekutanga kwechibvumirano. Inonzi "spot" nekuti shanduko yaitwa" Ipapo ipapo »(nguva yakatarwa).

Outright Forwards: Chibvumirano chekuchinjana kune dzimwe nyika umo kuchinjana chaiko kwemari kunoitwa " mukufamba kwenguva »uye zuva chairo rezvakabvumiranwa risati rasvika. Zvinobatsira kana paine kuchinja-chinja kwemitengo inochinja kazhinji.

Kuchinja kwemari: Kuchinja kwemari inoreva chiitiko chekutenga nekutengesa panguva imwe chete mari ine mazuva akasiyana akataurwa.

Asset makirasi emidziyo yemari

Kupfuura mhando dzemidziyo yemari yakanyorwa pamusoro, zviridzwa zvemari zvinogona zvakare kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri zveasset makirasi. Iwo maviri maasset makirasi ezvishandiso zvemari zvikwereti-based financial instruments uye equity-based financial instruments.

1. Zvikwereti-zvakavakirwa mari zviridzwa

Zvikwereti-zvakavakirwa mari zviridzwa zvinoiswa senzira dzinogona kushandiswa nesangano kuwedzera huwandu hwemari mubhizinesi. Mienzaniso inosanganisira bond, debentures, zvikwereti, US Treasury Bills, makadhi echikwereti uye mitsetse yechikwereti (LOC).

Iwo chinhu chakakosha chenzvimbo yebhizinesi, sezvo vachibvumira makambani kuwedzera purofiti yavo kuburikidza nekukura kwemari yavo.

2. Equity-based Financial Instruments

Equity-based financial instruments inoiswa senzira dzinoshanda semuridzi wesangano zviri pamutemo.

Vanobatsira makambani kukura mari yavo kwenguva yakareba kana ichienzaniswa nezvikwereti, asi vanobatsirwa kubva pakuti muridzi wacho haana mhosva yekubhadharwa kwemhando ipi zvayo yechikwereti.

Kambani inobata equity-based financial instrument inogona kusarudza kuisa mari yakawanda muchiridzwa kana kuitengesa pese painoda.

🌿 Nzira yekusarudza sei zvakakodzera zvemari zviridzwa?

Sezvaunogona kuona, kune marudzi akawanda uye mienzaniso yezviridzwa zvemari. Ungasarudza sei yakanakisa mhinduro kune yako yekudyara zvaunoda? Heano mamwe mazano kuyeuka kuti chikwata che Finance de Demain kuzivikanwa.

1. Iva nezvinangwa zvemari zvinokwanisika

Zvemari zviridzwa zvinogona kukuisa iwe munzira kwayo yekuzadzisa zvibodzwa zvako zvekudyara, asi iwe unofanirwa kuzvitsanangura kutanga.

Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri zvibodzwa zvenguva pfupi sekusimudza mari yekubhadharira bhizinesi idzva, kana chinangwa chenguva refu sekupa mari yekukurumidza kuenda pamudyandigere.

Zvimwe zviridzwa zvinonyanya kutariswa kwenguva pfupi, nepo vamwe vari mari yekudyara kwenguva refu.

2. Ongorora mamiriro ako engozi

Tese tine akasiyana maprofile enjodzi, kusanganisa pfungwa dzepfungwa senge kushivirira nenjodzi nezvinodiwa-zvinoenderana nenjodzi zvinodiwa.

Kana iwe uine chido chepamusoro chengozi, zviridzwa zvemari zvinosanganisira musika wemasheya zvingave sarudzo iri nani pane yepasi-njodzi yehurumende mabhondi ane mubhadharo wakaderera.

Nomuzvarirwo, kukwanisa kwako kuita ngozi kunofanirawo kurangarirwa. Varidzi vemabhizinesi madiki vanogona kunge vaine zviwanikwa zvishoma zvekuchengetedza, mune iyo nguva yakareba yakachengetedzwa mutual fund ingave yakanyanya sarudzo.

3. Nzwisisa zvakanakira mudziyo wega wega wemari

Pane zvakanakira nekuipira kumarudzi ese emari zviridzwa. Iwe unofanirwa kuenzanisa zvinhu zvakaita sechinangwa, nhanho yengozi, manejimendi, uye nguva yakatarwa usati waita sarudzo.

Nomuzvarirwo, yako yekutanga danho rekudyara rinofanira kukonzeresa muequation; usambodyara zvausingakwanise kurasikirwa nazvo.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti chiridzwa chinoshanda sei, saka ita tsvakiridzo yako pane mutual funds kana Forex kutengeserana usati wadyara. Avo vatsva pakudyara vangangoda kuomerera kune zvisina-kuoma mari zviridzwa senge mutual funds.

Chekupedzisira, tsvaga rubatsiro kubva kune nyanzvi mamaneja emari kana usina chokwadi. Zvakanaka iwe unofanirwa kuva ne diversified portfolio ine marudzi akati wandei emari zviridzwa zvehedging zvinangwa. Nyanzvi ichaiswa zvakanaka kuti ikubatsire.

🌿Mabhenefiti emidziyo yemari

Iyo Financial Instrument ine akawanda akasiyana mabhenefiti:

• Liquid assets semari uye mari yakaenzana ndeyekushandisa kukuru kumabhizinesi sezvo ichigona kushandiswa zviri nyore kubhadhara nekukurumidza kana kusangana nematambudziko emari.
• Vadavi kazhinji vanonzwa vakachengeteka zvakanyanya musangano rakashandisa mari yakawanda mumari yavo.
• Zvishandiso zvemari zvinopa tsigiro huru yekupa mari zvinhu zvinobatika. Izvi zvinogoneka kuburikidza nekufambiswa kwemari kubva pazvinhu zvinobatika mukutenda kune inobatika asset mukushomeka.
• Czviridzwa zvemari kuparadzira njodzi zvichienderana nekugona-kutora njodzi kwevamwe vakabatana mukuita kwekuita mari muzvinhu zvisingabatike.
• Makambani anosarudza kuita mari mumidziyo chaiyo anounza mari yakakwira nekuti anowana mapotifoliyo akasiyana, ruzhowa kurwisa inflation, uye vanogonawo kudzivirira kusava nechokwadi kunokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvezvematongerwo enyika.

Zvemari zviridzwa sezvo kuenzana kunoshanda sechinhu chinogara chiripo chemari yesangano. Kana iri equity shares, kubhadharwa kwedividends kune vane shares isarudzo chete.

🌿 Zvakaipa zviridzwa zvemari

Yakasiyana-siyana mipimo uye kuipa kweFinancial Instrument ndeaya anotevera:

• Liquid assets semabharanzi mumasaving account uye mamwe madhipoziti ekubhanga ane mashoma maererano nekudzoka pakudyara kana kudzoka pakudyara. Huwandu uhu hwakakwira nekuda kwekuti hapana zvirambidzo zvekubvisa madhipoziti kumasavings accounts nemamwe masaramusi ekubhanga.
• Liquid assets semari deposits, maakaundi emusika wemari, nezvimwe. inogona kurambidza masangano kubvisa mari kwemwedzi yakawanda kana dzimwe nguva makore zvakare kana chero chakatsanangurwa muchibvumirano.
• Kana sangano richida kubvisa mari isati yapera nguva yakataurwa muchibvumirano, vanogona kurangwa kana kugamuchira zvikwereti zvakaderera. Mutengo wepamusoro wekutengesa zvakare une hanya nemasangano anoshanda kana anoshuvira kubata nezviridzwa zvemari.

Sangano harifanire kuvimba zvakanyanya nezvikwereti zvakaita semukuru uye mhindu sezvo izvi zvichitarisirwa kubhadharwa zvakakodzera.

Zvishandiso zvemari, sezvisungo, zvinobereka zvishoma pane masheya. Makambani anogona kutombomira pamabhondi.

Zvimwe zvezviridzwa zvemari zvakaita seequity mutoro wehupenyu hwese pabhizinesi. Equity inoshanda semutoro usingaperi musangano. Equity haigone kubhadharwa kunyangwe sangano rine mari yakakwana.

Nekudaro, maererano nekugadziridzwa kwazvino, makambani anogona kusarudza kudzosa migove yavo nechinangwa chekukanzura asi izvi zviri pasi pemamwe mamiriro.

🌿 Tinofanira kuyeukei?

• Derivatives kufanana mberi neramangwana inogona kuunza mabhenefiti makuru kumabhizinesi madiki, asi kana chete aya akashandiswa nemazvo. Kana izvi zvikashandiswa zvisina kufanira, zvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kukuru uye kubhuroka kwesangano.
• Masangano anofanira kuva kungwarira zvikuru pakubata ne swaps, sezvo ivo vanotakura mwero wepamusoro wengozi.
• Une zvakanaka kushandisa chiridzwa mari inogona kubatsira mabhizinesi kuderedza mitengo yezvinhu uye kuwedzera kutengesa uye purofiti.
• Iwo anowanzo shandiswa nevanhu vasingakwanise kana kusawana mukana wekutenga zvikwereti uye kuchengetedza kwakarongeka.
• Les zvishandiso zvemari zvisina kurongwa inopa masevhisi anochinjika zvakanyanya zvichienderana nezvido zvemunhu. Inogona kutangwa uye kupera maminetsi mashoma mushure mekunyorera, sezvo chinongodiwa risiti iri nyore kana chibvumirano chemuromo.

🌿 mhedziso

Kupedzisa, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti midziyo yemari haisi chinhu kunze kwegwaro rinoshanda semari yeimwe sangano uye semutoro kune rimwe sangano.

Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri mumhando yemabhondi, mari uye yakaenzana nemari, madhipoziti ebhangi, masheya, masheya anodiwa, nezvimwe. Rudzi rumwe norumwe rwechiridzwa chemari rine zvarwo zvakanakira uye nekuipa.

Zviridzwa zvemari zvinofanirwa kushandiswa nenzira kwayo kuti zvikohwe zvakanakisa. Izvi zvinogona kuve zvakakosha kune mabhizinesi ari kutsvaga kuderedza mitengo yavo uye kuwedzera mari yavo yecomp.

Nekudaro, masangano anofanirwa kuona kuti anoshandisa zviridzwa zvemari nemazvo kuitira kuti awane zvakanyanya kubva mazviri uye kubvisa njodzi dzekudzokera kumashure.

Kana iwe uri chipangamazano wezvemari, saka iwe unogona kutisiyira ruzivo rwako mune zvakataurwa. Asi usati waenda, heino kudzidziswa kwakazara kwekutengesa online.