Ngedemokhrasi yee-smartphones kunye neetafile, ukwenza iwebhusayithi noluphendulayo iye yaba yimfuneko. Isiza esiphendulayo siyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhangela - desktop, mobile, tablet -ukubonelela ngamava afanelekileyo omsebenzisi. Iwebhusayithi ephendulayo nayo ilungile ireferensi yewebhu.
NgokukaGoogle, ngaphezulu kwe-60% yokukhangela ngoku yenziwe kwiselula. Ke ngoko kunyanzelekile ukuba wenze indawo yakho ilungele ezi zixhobo, kungenjalo itrafikhi yakho iya kuhla. Nangona kunjalo iisayithi ezininzi azikayilwanga ngokuphendula. Namhlanje, uyilo lwezinto ezibizwa ngokuba "ziiwebhusayithi"noluphendulayo"(okanye uhlengahlengiso) sele iyimfuneko. Kodwa ithetha ukuthini kanye loo nto? Ungayenza njani iwebhusayithi ilungiselelwe zonke iisayizi zesikrini?
I-Pro ephendulayo
- Yenza iwebhusayithi yakho ibonakale kanye ngendlela ofuna ngayo.
- Yenza uyilo, ukuchwetheza, imibala kunye nokunye ngokujonga kwangaphambili.
Uyilo oluphendulayo lumalunga nokudala isiza esinokuziqhelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ngokoyilo kunye nemilinganiselo ukuze ibonelele ngamava afanelekileyo omsebenzisi kuzo zonke izixhobo: iidesktops, iitafile, ii-smartphones.
Yintoni indawo ephendulayo?
Khawucinge ngewebhusayithi efana ne-digital superhero, ekwazi ukuziguqula ngokuthanda kwayo. Yile nto kanye isiza esiphendulayo siyiyo! Inamandla omlingo okuziqhelanisa nazo zonke izikrini, nokuba yi-smartphone yakho oyisebenzisayo xa uhamba, ithebhulethi yakho efakwe kakuhle kwisofa yakho, okanye ikhompyuter yakho eofisini. Ngokungathi ngomlingo, umxholo uhlengahlengiswa, imifanekiso yenza ubungakanani kwakhona, kwaye ukukhangela kuya kuba lula ukukunika amava alungelelanisiweyo.
Le ndawo ihlakaniphile ifana nokuba nomncedisi wakho wokukhangela kwiwebhu. Ilindele iimfuno zakho kwaye ilungelelanise ngokufanelekileyo. Zimkile iintsuku zokuba ujike iminwe yakho ukuze usondeze kumbhalo omncinci okanye ujonge imenyu engafanelekanga kwiscreen sakho esichukumisayo. Isiza esiphendulayo siyasiqonda isixhobo sakho kwaye siqhelana naso ngoko nangoko, senza ukuba utyelelo lwakho lube lonwabe kangangoko, nokuba ukwiscreen sefowuni esincinci okanye ikhompyuter enkulu.
Ekugqibeleni, iwebhusayithi ephendulayo ifana nokuba newebhusayithi ethetha zonke iilwimi zezixhobo zanamhlanje. Inxibelelana ngokulinganayo kunye ne-smartphone yakho kunye nelaptop yakho, iqinisekisa ukuba umyalezo uhlala ufika ngokucacileyo, akukhathaliseki nokuba "ulwimi" lwesikrini. Sisisombululo esifanelekileyo kwihlabathi lethu elidibeneyo, apho sihlala sitshintsha phakathi kwezixhobo. Ngewebhusayithi ephendulayo, uqinisekile ukuba uhlala unamava okukhangela agudileyo kwaye ayonwabisayo, nokuba sesiphi isixhobo okhetha ukusisebenzisa.
Indlela yokwenza isayithi iphendule?
Ukudala iwebhusayithi ephendulayo ayingomlingo, kodwa kuseti yeendlela kunye nezenzo ezilungileyo ezivumela indawo yakho ukuba iqhelane nazo zonke izikrini. Nokuba ungumphuhlisi onamava okanye umtsha kwihlabathi lewebhu, nanga amanyathelo angundoqo okuguqula indawo yakho engatshintshiyo ibe yindawo ebhetyebhetye, ephendulayo. Ngokulandela le migaqo, uya kuba nakho ukuhambisa amava afanelekileyo omsebenzisi kuzo zonke izixhobo, ukusuka kwii-smartphones ukuya kwizikrini ezinkulu zedesktop.
Sebenzisa iiyunithi ezizalanayo (%, em, rem) kuneepixels kwiCSS
Ukuvumela ukulungelelaniswa okupheleleyo kwezinto, kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iiyunithi ezihambelanayo zokulinganisa ezifana %, em okanye i-rem kunokuba pixels ezisisigxina kwimithetho yakho CSS. Iipesenti zivumela uhlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo ngokwesayizi yesikrini. Enye yeendlela eziphambili zokuziqhelanisa ukudala indawo ephendulayo kukuphepha ukusebenzisa ipixels ezinzileyo kwimithetho yakho yeCSS. Ngapha koko, ii-pixels azikuvumeli ukuguquguquka kobungakanani bezinto ngokuxhomekeke kwisixhobo.
Kuyacetyiswa ukuba uthande oko kubizwa ngokuba ziiyunithi ezizalanayo ezifana iipesenti (%), em okanye rem endaweni yoko. I-% ngokukhethekileyo iya kuvumela uhlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo lweebhokisi, iitekisi, imida, njl. kuxhomekeke kubungakanani besikrini. Umzekelo, ububanzi bubekwe ku I-50% kwi-CSS iya kuqinisekisa ukuba i-elementi iya kuhlala ithatha i-50% yobubanzi obukhoyo, nokuba kwi-PC, ithebhulethi okanye isikrini se-smartphone. Le ndlela yolwelo ifanelekile ekudaleni iiplani eziguquguqukayo ezilingana ngokungenamthungo.
Ukuchaza imibuzo yemidiya kwiphepha lesimbo leCSS
Imibuzo yemidiya yeCSS yimiyalelo ebalulekileyo ye yenza iwebhusayithi ephendulayo. Bakuvumela ukuba uchaze imigaqo ethile yeCSS eya kusebenza ngokuxhomekeke kububanzi bendawo yokujonga. Oku kwenza ukuba kube lula ukucacisa uyilo, iifonti, imida, njl. yahlukile kuxhomekeke ekubeni umsebenzisi ukwidesktop, ithebhulethi okanye i-smartphone. Ngokomzekelo, singakuchaza oko ngaphantsi kwe768px ububanzi, utshintsho lokuhamba kwimenyu ye-hamburger.
Imibuzo yemidiya ikuvumela ukuba ulungelelanise kakuhle unikezelo kunye noyilo lwezinto ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu besikrini. Idityaniswe neeyunithi eziguquguqukayo zeCSS, ziyimfuneko yenza indawo efanelekileyo iphendula kwaye ibonelele ngamava omsebenzisi angcono.
Yenza imifanekiso iphendule
Imifanekiso kufuneka nayo zihlengahlengiswe ukuthintela ukolula ngokungafanelekanga kwezinye izixhobo. Ngoko ke kuyimfuneko lungisa imifanekiso yakho ye-SEO. Eyona ndlela ilula yokwenza kukusetha ububanzi bazo njengepesenti kwikhowudi ye-HTML okanye ngeCSS.
Sinokusebenzisa ipropati ye-CSS "ububanzi obukhulu: 100%" ukwenza umfanekiso ulungele isikhongozeli sawo ngelixa ugcina umlinganiselo wawo. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba uchaze iinguqulelo ezininzi zomfanekiso ofanayo kwizisombululo ezahlukeneyo kwaye ubonise kwisikhangeli ukuba yeyiphi inguqulelo emayisebenze ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani besikrini nge "srcset". Ekuphenduleni, imifanekiso kufuneka ikhulise ngokuzenzekela kunokuba izolule, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu kuzo zonke izixhobo. Yiba nomfanekiso we-plugin ikunceda wenze imifanekiso yakho iphendule.
Cinga
- Yenza iwebhusayithi yakho ngokukhawuleza nge-Imagify. Ukucofa nje kube kanye ukwenza ubungakanani kwakhona, ucinezele kwaye uguqule imifanekiso yakho ibe yiyo WebP kunye neAvif.
Sebenzisa isakhelo se-CSS esiphendulayo
Ukusebenzisa isakhelo se-CSS esiphendulayo yenye yezona ndlela zilungileyo ukwenza iwebhusayithi iphendule. Izikhokelo ze-CSS ezifana ne-Bootstrap, iSiseko, i-Bulma, kunye ne-Materialize zibonelela ngeegridi zoyilo ezakhelwe kwangaphambili kunye nezinto eziphendulayo ezenza kube lula ukwenza iwebhusayithi ephendulayo. Ezi zikhokelo zibonelela ngokulungele ukusetyenziswa kweeklasi ze-CSS ezikuvumela ukuba wenze iiplani iphepha eliguqukayo neliphendulayo. Basebenzisa ubuchule obunje ngemibuzo yemidiya ukunyenyisa ngokuzenzekelayo uyilo kunye nesimbo ngokusekwe kubungakanani besikrini sesixhobo esisetyenzisiweyo ukujonga isiza.
Ngokusebenzisa isakhelo se-CSS esiphendulayo, unokukhawuleza udibanise isakhiwo esisisiseko sewebhusayithi yakho ehambelana kakuhle nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu besikrini. Unokwenza lula ukucwangcisa izinto zakho zesayithi usebenzisa iigridi ezibonelelwe ngesakhelo, ukuvumela ukwakheka okuhambelanayo kuzo zonke izixhobo.
Unikezelo lovavanyo kuzo zonke izixhobo
Kubalulekile ukuvavanya ukuboniswa kwewebhusayithi yakho kwiikhompyuter, iitafile kunye nee-smartphones ukuqinisekisa ukuba ihambelana ngokugqibeleleyo kububanzi besikrini ngasinye. Uninzi lweziphequluli zangoku, ezifana UGoogle Chrome kunye neMozilla Firefox, zibonelela ngezixhobo zophuhliso ezihlanganisiweyo. Ezi zixhobo zikuvumela ukuba ulinganise izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu besikrini ukuze ubone indlela iwebhusayithi eya kujongeka ngayo. Ungafikelela kwezi zixhobo ngokunqakraza ekunene kwiphepha kwaye ukhethe "Hlola"okanye"Jonga uhlobo".
Kukho iinkonzo zasimahla ze-intanethi ezinje IbrowserStack kunye neCrossBrowserTesting ekuvumela ukuba uvavanye indlela iwebhusayithi enikezela ngayo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo kunye nezikhangeli. Ezi nkonzo zikuvumela ukuba ujonge iwebhusayithi yakho kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zenyani okanye ezibonakalayo, zikunika umbono ocacileyo wendlela eza kujongeka ngayo kwisixhobo ngasinye.
I-emulators yesixhobo kunye ne-simulators yisoftware ephindaphinda iimpawu kunye nokuziphatha kwezixhobo zokwenyani. Umzekelo, ukuvavanya kwi-iOS, ungasebenzisa i-emulator ye-Xcode yezixhobo ze-Apple. Kwi-Android, i-emulator ye-Android Studio iyafumaneka. Ezi zixhobo zikuvumela ukuba uvavanye iwebhusayithi yakho kwizixhobo ezibonakalayo ezinezisombululo ezahlukeneyo zesikrini.
Ziphephe izinto ezinobungakanani obusisigxina
Ukwenza iwebhusayithi iphendule, kubalulekile ukunqanda izinto ezinobungakanani obusisigxina. Nanga amanye amacebiso okukunceda ukuphumeza oku:
Sebenzisa iiyunithi zomlinganiselo obhetyebhetye: Endaweni yokusebenzisa ipixels (px) ukuchaza ubungakanani beelementi, sebenzisa iiyunithi ezibhetyebhetye zomlinganiselo ezifana neepesenti (%) okanye iiyunithi zokujonga (vh, vw) endaweni yoko. Oku kuvumela izinto ukuba zilinganise ngokulinganayo kubungakanani besikrini.
Sebenzisa iiracks eziguquguqukayo: Iigridi eziguquguqukayo, ezifana nezo zibonelelwe ngesakhelo se-CSS esiphendulayo, zikuvumela ukuba wenze iiplani eziguquguqukayo usebenzisa iikholamu eziguquguqukayo kunye nemigca. Oku kuvumela izinto ukuba zizilungelelanise ngokuzenzekelayo ngokusekwe kubungakanani besikrini, ukunika amava angaguqukiyo omsebenzisi kuzo zonke izixhobo.
Phepha ububanzi obumiselweyo bemifanekiso: Endaweni yokuchaza ububanzi obumiselweyo bemifanekiso, sebenzisa ipropati yeCSS "ububanzi obukhulu: 100%;" ukuvumela imifanekiso ukuba iphinde ilingane nobungakanani besikhongozeli sayo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba imifanekiso ikhula ngokufanelekileyo kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokuphuma kwegazi okanye ukugqwesa.
Sebenzisa imibuzo yemidiya : Imibuzo yemidiya yimithetho yeCSS ekuvumela ukuba usebenzise izimbo ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani besikrini. Zisebenzise ukunyenyisa isimbo sezinto zezisombululo ezahlukeneyo zesikrini, ukukhulisa isiboniso kwisixhobo ngasinye.
Yenza lula ukuhamba ngefowuni
Ukwenza lula ukuhamba ngefowuni kunye nokubonelela ngamava angcono omsebenzisi. Sebenzisa imenyu yokukhangela ehambayo. Buyisela imenyu yokukhangela yesiqhelo kunye nemenyu yokukhangela ephathwayo, efana nemenyu yehamburger. Olu hlobo lwemenyu lunceda ekunciphiseni i-clutter yesikrini kwaye yenze ukukhangela kube lula ngakumbi kubasebenzisi beselula.
Nciphisa inani lezinto zokukhangela. Nciphisa inani lezinto zokukhangela eziboniswe kwimenyu ephathwayo. Chonga ezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwaye ugxininise kuzo ukwenza ukukhangela kube lula. Unokwenza amaqela afanayo phantsi kweendidi ukunqanda imenyu ende.
Sebenzisa ukukhangela kwinqanaba elinye : Ziphephe iimenyu zokuhla ezintsonkothileyo ezinamanqanaba amaninzi eemenyu ezisezantsi kwizixhobo eziphathwayo. Endaweni yoko, khetha ukukhangela kwinqanaba elinye, apho abasebenzisi banokuhamba ngokuthe ngqo kumacandelo aphambili esayithi ngaphandle kokuhamba kumanqanaba amaninzi.
Sebenzisa amaqhosha entshukumo acacileyo: Sebenzisa amaqhosha entshukumo acacileyo, acofa ngokulula ukukhokela abasebenzisi kwizenzo ezithile, ezinjengokufaka imveliso kwinqwelo okanye ukungenisa ifom. Qinisekisa ukuba amaqhosha makhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba angacofa ngokulula ngomnwe wakho.
Sebenzisa ii-icon ezicacileyo: Sebenzisa ii-icon ezibonakalayo ukumela izenzo okanye iindidi kwimenyu yokukhangela ephathwayo. Ii-icon eziyilwe kakuhle zinokunceda abasebenzisi baqonde ngokukhawuleza intsingiselo yezinto zokukhangela ngaphandle kokufunda iilebhile ezinde.
Ukukhetha umxholo ophendulayo olungileyo
Imixholo ephendulayo yamkela umgaqo woyilo lwewebhu oluphendulayo, ojolise ekuyileni iiwebhusayithi ezinamava afanelekileyo omsebenzisi kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezisombululo zesikrini, kubandakanya iidesktops, iitafile ezinjenge-iPad, ii-smartphones kunye nezinye izixhobo eziphathwayo. Umxholo ophendulayo we-WordPress ulungelelanisa ulungelelwaniso lwayo ngokobukhulu kunye nesisombululo sesikrini.
Le mixholo iphucula ukufundeka kunye nokusebenziseka kwizikrini ezincinci, ezinje ngee-smartphones. Baphinde baphephe isidingo sokudala inguqulelo yeselula eyahlukileyo kwisixhobo ngasinye. Ngaphambi kokufika kwemixholo ephendulayo, bekuyimfuneko ukuphuhlisa inguqulelo yeselula eyahlukileyo kwiqonga ngalinye, njenge-iPhone okanye i-Android. Uyilo oluphendulayo luvumela indawo enye ukuba ifikeleleke kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokufuna imixholo eyongezelelweyo okanye izandiso.
Ngokunyuka kwenani labasebenzisi abafikelela kwi-intanethi ngeetafile kunye nee-smartphones, sibona ukwanda ekudalweni kwemixholo ephendulayo yeenkampani ze-WordPress zemixholo. Ukuba inxalenye ebalulekileyo yeendwendwe zakho zesayithi zisebenzisa isixhobo esiphathwayo, kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba ucinge ngokunikezela ngenguqulo yeselula okanye uphucule kumxholo ophendulayo we-WordPress.
isiphelo
Uyilo lwe Iisayithi eziphendulayo ziye zaba yimfuneko ukuhambisa amava omsebenzisi asemgangathweni kuzo zonke izixhobo. Ngokulandela ezona ndlela zilungileyo ezifana nokusebenzisa iiyunithi ze-CSS eziguquguqukayo, ukuphumeza imibuzo yemidiya okanye ukulungisa imifanekiso, nayiphi na iwebhusayithi inokwenziwa iphendule ngokugqibeleleyo.
Ngombulelo kule mithetho ilula imbalwa, uya kuqinisekisa ukuboniswa kwewebhusayithi yakho kwiikhompyuter, iitafile kunye nee-smartphones. Akusekho ukusondeza ngaphakathi nangaphandle Ukuhamba kakuhle!
Ukuqhubela phambili, ndincoma ukusebenzisa i-plugin yeWP Rocket enamandla kwi-WordPress. Iya kukuvumela ukuba ulungiselele ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba eliphezulu isantya sokulayisha kwindawo yakho esabelayo. A site ukuba zombini adaptive kwaye ultra-fast isitshixo a amava omsebenzisi ungenabala!
WP Rocket
- Eyona ndlela ilula yokukhawulezisa iwebhusayithi yakho yeWordPress kwaye uphucule inqaku lakho leGoogle PageSpeed .
FAQ
Umbuzo: Yintoni uyilo oluphendulayo?
A: I design ezwayo yindlela yoyilo lwewebhu ejolise ekwenzeni iwebhusayithi eguqukayo kwaye esebenzayo kuzo zonke izixhobo kunye nobukhulu besikrini. Ivumela umxholo kunye noyilo ukuba lulungelelanise ngokuzenzekelayo ukubonelela ngamava afanelekileyo omsebenzisi, nokuba kwidesktop, ithebhulethi okanye i-smartphone.
Umbuzo: Kutheni kubalulekile ukwenza iwebhusayithi iphendule?
A: Ukwenza iwebhusayithi iphendule kubalulekile ukubonelela ngamava angatshintshiyo kunye nomgangatho womsebenzisi kuzo zonke izixhobo. Ngokunyuka kokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo esiphathwayo, kubalulekile ukulungelelanisa iwebhusayithi yakho ukuhlangabezana nolindelo lwabasebenzisi kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wakho we-injini yokukhangela.
Umbuzo: Yiyiphi imigaqo ephambili yophuhliso lwewebhu oluphendulayo?
A: Imigaqo ephambili yophuhliso lwewebhu oluphendulayo lubandakanya ukusebenzisa iigridi eziguquguqukayo, ukuphepha izinto ezinobungakanani obusisigxina, ukulungelelanisa imifanekiso, ukusebenzisa imibuzo yemidiya ukusebenzisa izitayela ezahlukeneyo ezisekelwe kubukhulu beskrini, kunye nokwenza lula ukuhamba kweselula.
Umbuzo: Yintoni isakhelo se-CSS esiphendulayo?
A: A Isakhelo seCSS i-responsive yiseti yezimbo ze-CSS ezakhelwe ngaphambili kunye namacandelo aphendulayo enza kube lula ukwenza iwebhusayithi ephendulayo. Ezi zicwangciso, ezifana ne-Bootstrap, iSiseko, kunye ne-Bulma, zibonelela ngeegridi ze-flexible layout, iiklasi ze-CSS ezilungele ukusetyenziswa, kunye namacandelo aphendulayo ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yophuhliso.
Umbuzo: Uyivavanya njani indlela iwebhusayithi enikezela ngayo kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo?
A: Ukuvavanya ukuba iwebhusayithi iya kwenza njani na kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo, ungasebenzisa izixhobo zomphuhlisi zesikhangeli ezikuvumela ukuba ulinganise ubukhulu besikrini obahlukeneyo. Unokusebenzisa iinkonzo ze-intanethi, i-emulators okanye izixhobo zokulingisa, okanye uvavanyo kwizixhobo eziphathekayo zokwenyani.
Q: Zeziphi ezona ndlela zilungileyo zokwenza lula ukuhamba ngemfonomfono?
A: Ukwenza lula ukuzulazula kwiselfowuni, sebenzisa imenyu yokukhangela ephathwayo efana nemenyu yehamburger, nciphisa inani lezinto zokuhamba, sebenzisa inqanaba elinye lokukhangela, sebenzisa amaqhosha entshukumo acacileyo, wandise isantya sokulayisha, sebenzisa ii-icon enembile, kwaye uvavanye rhoqo ukuzulazula kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo.
Umbuzo: Ndingenza njani ukuba iwebhusayithi yam ekhoyo iphendule?
A: Ukwenza iwebhusayithi yakho ekhoyo iphendule, ungasebenzisa isakhelo se-CSS esiphendulayo ukwenza kube lula ukuphumeza isakhiwo esiphendulayo. Kuya kufuneka kwakhona ulungise i-CSS esele ikhona ukuze usebenzise iiyunithi eziguquguqukayo zomlinganiselo, unqande izinto ezinobungakanani obusisigxina, kwaye usebenzise izimbo ezithile kwiisayizi ezahlukeneyo zesikrini usebenzisa imibuzo yemidiya.