Ukutyala imali kwimarike yemasheya njengomSilamsi

Indlela yokutyala imali kwimarike yemasheya njengomSilamsi? Tyala imali kwimarike yemasheya inika umdla abantu abaninzi ngakumbi abatsalwa kukukwazi ukwenza ingeniso eyongezelelweyo kwixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, amaSilamsi amaninzi athandabuza ukuthabatha, esoyika oko olu qheliselo aluhambelani nokholo lwabo. ISilamsi silawula ngokungqongqo iintengiselwano zemali, inqanda iindlela ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zeemarike zanamhlanje.

Nangona kunjalo, xa kuhlolwa ngokukhawuleza, ukutyalomali kwimarike yemasheya ayihambelani ngokusisiseko kunye nemigaqo yezemali yamaSilamsi. Ngokukhetha utyalo-mali olufanelekileyo, ukuphepha imigibe ethile, kunye nokuhlonipha imithetho embalwa ebalulekileyo, amaSilamsi angatyala imali kwimarike yemasheya ngelixa ehlala ethembekile kwiindlela zabo zenkolo. Masihambe !!

Iziseko zotyalo-mali kwimarike yemasheya

Ukutyala imali kwi-stock market thenga izinto zexabiso ezifana nezitokhwe, iibhondi okanye ezinye ii-asethi zemali kwi injongo yokwenza ingeniso yexesha elide. Ngokuba nezabelo zenkampani, uba ngumnini zabelo kwaye unelungelo lenxenye yenzuzo ngohlobo lwezabelo. Ukwabhanka ngokunyuka kwe ixabiso lokuthengiswa kwakhona kwesabelo. Ilula ngolo hlobo.

Les iimarike ezinkulu zamasheya comme iNASDAQ okanye iCAC 40 ikuvumela ukuba utyale imali kumakhulu eenkampani ezidwelisiweyo. Kunokwenzeka ukuthenga izabelo ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngeengxowa-mali ezihlangeneyo.

Imithetho yezemali yamaSilamsi

Ukutyala imali kwimarike yemasheya njengomSilamsi kuthetha ukuhlonipha iSharia. Enyanisweni, imali yamaSilamsi isekelwe imigaqo yeSharia. Umtyalo-mali ongumSilamsi kufuneka ahloniphe ngokufanelekileyo le mithetho ekukhetheni utyalo-mali lwakhe. Ezinye izenzo eziqhelekileyo kwizemali eziqhelekileyo azivumelekanga:

✔ Iriba

I-riba yiyo enye yezithintelo ezingundoqo kwizimali zamaSilamsi. Ngokutsho kwemibhalo engcwele yeKoran, naluphi na uhlobo lwenzala okanye inzala aluvumelekanga ngokungqongqo kumaSilamsi. Igama elithi riba lichaza nayiphi na ingeniso, inzuzo okanye irenti efunyenwe kwimali-mboleko yemali, njengembuyekezo yexesha elidlulileyo. Ngokuchanekileyo, oku kubandakanya inzala efunyenwe kwiakhawunti yokonga, inzala ehlawulwe kwimali-mboleko yebhanki, kodwa nenzala ehlanganisiweyo enyuka ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Iibhondi zamandulo, ezifumana amakhuphoni enzala esisigxina, azivumelekanga kumaSilamsi. Kuphela iibhondi zamaSilamsi ezithobela iSharia (sukuk) ezivumelekileyo, njengoko zingahlawuli nzala engekho mthethweni. Ngokunjalo, akuvumelekanga ukutyala imali kumaziko emali aqhelekileyo bolekisa ngenzala. Iibhanki, iinkampani zeinshorensi kunye namaziko okuthenga ngetyala kufuneka aphetshwe.

✔ I-gharar

Ukuba ufuna ukutyalomali kwimarike yemasheya, kuya kufuneka uphephe igharar. I-gharar ichaza ukungaqiniseki okugqithisileyo kunye nokungaqhelekanga kwiintengiselwano zemali. Kwimali yamaSilamsi, i-gharar ayivumelekanga kuba izisa ukungabikho kokusesikweni kunye nokuqikelela. Ngokuchanekileyo, i-gharar ibandakanya iimbono ezahlukeneyo:

• I-asymmetry yolwazi phakathi kwamaqela kwikhontrakthi
• Ukungacaci kwemigaqo yekhontrakthi
• Ukungaqiniseki ngobukho bomxholo wekhontrakthi
• Umngcipheko kunye noqikelelo olungekho ngqiqweni

Ukuthobela ukuvalwa kwegharar, izivumelwano zemali zamaSilamsi kufuneka ube elubala ngokugqibeleleyo, eqondakalayo ngawo onke amaqela, kwaye inxulumene nee-asethi zokwenyani nezichongiweyo. Ngokuphathelele utyalo-mali kwimarike yemasheya, ingcamango ye-gharar ngoko ikhuthaza tyala imali ngokufanelekileyo ukuphepha ukuthatha umngcipheko ngokugqithisileyo. Ikwakhuthaza abantu ukuba bakhethe uqoqosho lokwenyani kunentelekelelo yezemali.

✔ Utyalo-mali olungekho mthethweni

Kuya kufuneka kwakhona ucinge nge-asethi ebonakalayo ukuba ufuna ukutyala imali kwimarike yemasheya. Imali yamaSilamsi iluthintela ngokusesikweni utyalo-mali kumacandelo athile omsebenzi kuthathwa njengokungekho mthethweni kwaye akukho semthethweni. IZibhalo ziyayigatya imibandela ephathelele utywala, ukungcakaza, imifanekiso engamanyala, kwanemisebenzi yemali eqikelelwayo.

Ngokuchanekileyo, kunjalo akuvumelekanga kumMuslim ukutyala imali kwiinkampani ezinxulumene nokuveliswa okanye ukuhanjiswa kweziselo ezinxilisayo. Abavelisi beebhiya, iiwayini kunye nespirit kufuneka baphetshwe. IiCasino kunye nezinye iindawo zongcakazo kunye nokubheja kufuneka kuphetshwe. Ngokukwanjalo, imizi-mveliso yokuzonwabisa yabantu abadala, njengokuveliswa kweefilimu ezibonisa amanyala, igqalwa njengeharam. Kuyafana nakwishishini lezixhobo, ngakumbi izixhobo eziphikisanayo.

✔ Intelekelelo

Intelekelelo ukungathinteleki akuvumelekanga kwimali yamaSilamsi kuba kuthathwa njengomdlalo owalelweyo wamathuba (maysir). Ngokwenene, ukwenza utshintshiselwano lwezemali kuphela ngenjongo yokuzuza ingeniso ukusuka kwixesha elifutshane kakhulu lokuguquguquka kwamaxabiso kubonwa njengokubheja okuyingozi nokuziphatha okubi. Olu hlobo loqikelelo olusulungekileyo luyiyo ufana nokungcakaza, kwaye akathathi nxaxheba kuqoqosho lokwenyani. Imibhalo yenkolo iyalugxeka olu qheliselo lokusukelana nengeniso ngokukhethekileyo nangokungalinganiyo.

Bathethelela a utyalo-mali oluvakalayo nolunesimilo, apho umtyali-mali ngokwenene wabelana ngeengozi kwaye athathe inxaxheba ekudalweni kwexabiso. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba semthethweni, utyalo-mali lwemarike yemasheya kufuneka lube lutyalo-mali olunoxanduva kwixesha elide, kwaye kungekhona ukulandelelana kokubheja okunobungozi okungahambelani nomsebenzi wenkampani.

Zeziphi ii-asethi ezikhethwayo?

Ayingawo onke amashishini kunye namacandelo avunyelweyo kumtyali mali wamaSilamsi. Utyalo-mali kwimarike yemasheya ke ngoko kulawulwa. Ukutyala imali kwimarike yemasheya ngelixa uhlonipha imigaqo yezemali yamaSilamsi, ii-asethi ezithile ziya kuthandwa ngamaSulumane.

Okokuqala, khetha izitokhwe ukuba netyala eliphantsi kwaye benze isabelo esincinci somvuzo wabo ngenzala. Kwakhona hluza amacandelo angavumelekanga (utywala, icuba, njl.). Unako kwakhona jikela kusukuks, ukulingana kwamaSilamsi kwiibhondi, ezixhaswa yimpahla ebonakalayo kunye nokuhamba kwemali okwenyani kunokuba inzala yemali emsulwa.

Ekugqibeleni, ukuze kube lula ngakumbi, jika ku ukutshintshiselana ngeemali zokurhweba ukuphindaphinda izalathi zesitokhwe zamaSilamsi. Ukuhluza amaxabiso angahambelaniyo neSharia sele kusenziwa. Ngezi zikhokelo, uya kutyala imali kwimarike yemasheya ngengqondo ekhaphukhaphu kwaye uvumelane ngokupheleleyo nemigaqo yakho yenkolo. Utyalo-mali kwi-real estate ukufumana umvuzo wokurenta kuvumelekile. Lumka kodwa mboleko kunye nenzala. Utyalo-mali lwe-real estate ngoko ke yindlela efanelekileyo yokutyala imali kwimarike yemasheya njengomSilamsi.

Izalathi zesitokhwe zamaSilamsi

Ezi zalathisi zisekwe kwizihluzi zokuziphatha nezokuziphatha zidibana nenzala ekhulayo evela kubatyali-mali, amaSilamsi kodwa nabangengawo amaSilamsi, balukuhlwa yile mali intle ngakumbi. Ngokwenyani, indlela yokuhluza yokuqulunqa ezi zalathi iyahluka kodwa ngokubanzi isekwe kukhubalo lwamacandelo nakumlinganiselo wemali.

Ukukhutshwa kwecandelo kwenza kube lula ukususa ngokukhawuleza iinkampani ezibandakanyekayo kwimisebenzi engekho mthethweni (ungcakazo, utywala, icuba, njl. njl.) okanye kuthathwa njengeyingozi kuluntu (izixhobo). Umlinganiselo wemali ulinganisa inqanaba letyala kunye nesabelo sengeniso efunyenwe kwinzala yemali. Iinkampani ezinamatyala amaninzi okanye ezinengeniso ikakhulu kwinzala nazo azibandakanywa.

Enkosi koku kuhluzwa kabini, izalathisi zamaSilamsi ziphinda ukusebenza kweemarike zehlabathi ngokulinganisa ukubunjwa kwazo, kodwa ngaphandle kwezinto ezingahambelaniyo nemigaqo yotyalo-mali yamaSilamsi.

Ukukhetha i-Halal ye-Broker ekwi-Intanethi

Ukuthengisa izitokhwe ngokuhambelana nemigaqo yezemali yamaSilamsi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba umSilamsi adlule kumthengisi oqinisekisiweyo we-intanethi “halal“. Isimo esinjalo siqinisekisa ukuba umthengisi unikezela ngee-akhawunti kunye neenkonzo ezithobela imimiselo yomthetho we-Sharia: akukho ntengiselwano ebandakanya i-ribâ (inzala), ukukhutshwa kwe-haram (engahambelaniyo) amashishini, njl.

Ngokomzekelo, umthengisi we-intanethi I-Dubai First ibonelela ngee-akhawunti zotyalo-mali eziqinisekisiweyo zamaSilamsi ngokuhluzwa kokhuseleko lwezemali ngokweenqobo zokuziphatha ezingaphezulu-kwezemali. Isiqinisekiso sayo sikwathetha umgaqo-nkqubo womnikelo wonyaka ohambelana nezakat kunye nezinye iziqinisekiso. Inzuzo yaloo mthengisi okhethekileyo ukwenza lula utyalo-mali imarike yemasheya yomntu ongumSilamsi enkosi kukhetho lwangaphambili lwezibambiso ezihambelana nokuziphatha kwakhe ngokwenkolo. Intuthuzelo ebalulekileyo yokugxila ngokuzolileyo kulawulo lwezikhundla zakho zesitokhwe!

Ukutyala imali kwimarike yemasheya ngokuthe ngqo, kuya kufuneka uhambe ngeqonga le-brokerage ye-intanethi. Abanye bayihlonela ngakumbi imigaqo yamaSilamsi:

• Wahed Invest : umthengisi ohamba phambili kwi-intanethi onikezela ngeepotfoliyo ze-halal ze-ETF ezakhelwe kwangaphambili.
• Izivuno : Utyalo-mali lwe-halal kwii-stocks kunye ne-real estate ngaphandle kwe-riba.
• IFDC : iqonga eliqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kweSharia yeemveliso ezinikezelwayo.

Qinisekisa ukuba ukhetha i-broker ethembekileyo, ecacileyo, kwaye inika kuphela utyalo-mali olusemthethweni.

Iimali zemali

Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-cryptocurrency kunye nemali yamaSilamsi inokujongwa ngokwembono yotshintshiselwano. I-Cryptocurrency isebenza njengendawo yotshintshiselwano kwihlabathi liphela. Oku kuthetha ukuba inokusebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngokusemthethweni nezingalindelekanga, nto leyo ehlala yenza ukuba ifikeleleke ngakumbi kuneenketho zemali zemveli.

Nangona usesichengeni sokutshintsha kweemarike, iingqekembe zemali ze-crypto ezifana neBitcoin kunye ne-Ethereum zithathwa njengendawo esemthethweni yokutshintshiselana. Ziyafumaneka ukuze zisetyenziswe kwiintengiselwano kunye norhwebo.

Uphuhliso lwemigaqo ye-cryptocurrency ehambelana ne-Sharia inika amaSilamsi ithuba lotyalo-mali olusesikweni. Ngokwembono yezemali, imibutho yesisa yamaSilamsi inokuzuza kakhulu kwiZakat kunye neminye iminikelo ngotyalo-mali lwe-crypto kunye norhwebo. Iibhanki ezininzi kunye namaziko emali kwihlabathi jikelele aqaphela i-crypto njengendlela yokutshintshiselana ngemali. Nto leyo eyenza kube lula kubatyali mali ukuba baqhubeke nokurhweba, ukuthenga nokuthengisa i-cryptocurrency.

Ngokumalunga nokuba izivumelwano ezinxulumene ne-crypto zihambelana ne-sharia, ekubeni ubudlelwane bekhontrakthi kwi-crypto busekelwe kwiikontrakthi ezihlakaniphile zisebenzisa iteknoloji ye-blockchain, oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo ingenziwa ngakumbi kwaye ikhuselekile ngakumbi kwaye izenzekelayo. Oku akunciphisi kuphela iingxaki zolawulo, ukubhideka kunye neempazamo. I-cryptocurrensets ethatha inxaxheba kunye nesabelo-esekelwe kwi-crypto ineprojekthi ehambelana nemigaqo ye-Islamic.

Zakat kunye notyalo-mali

Zakat Kusisinyanzelo ukunika izipho kwiSilamsi. Idla ngokuba yimali I-2.5% yengeniso kunye nolondolozo. Uninzi lwabaphengululi luyavuma ukuba i-zakat iyasebenza kutyalo-mali.

Lo mgaqo wokuhlanjululwa uyasebenza nakwinzuzo eveliswa lutyalo-mali lwemali. Abanye oo-Ulama bade bacebise ukuba kuhlawulwe i-zakat kwinzuzo nganye ebalulekileyo yenkunzi efunyenweyo emva kokuthengiswa kwesabelo, ngaphandle kokulinda umhla wokugqibela wonyaka. Ukuhlawula le rhafu yenkolo kukuvumela ukuba ungcwaliswe inkunzi yakho yezemali, ukuyicoca kwisimo sayo sokuzingca nesicingelwayo ngamanye amaxesha. IZakat iquka isenzo sokwabelana kunye nomanyano kwabo babuthathaka.

IiFatwas kutyalo-mali kwimarike yemasheya

Utyalo-mali kwiimarike zemali kunye ne-stock market iphakamisa imibuzo kumSilamsi enqwenela ukulungelelanisa utyalo-mali lwakhe kunye nemigaqo yezemali yamaSilamsi. Kwakhona, ii-ulmas ezininzi ziye zathetha ngalo mbandela ngokusebenzisa iifatwas ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba abanye abaphengululi bagcinelwe kakhulu ukuya kwimarike yemasheya kunye nayo ukunxaxha okuqikelelwayo amandla, uninzi luyibona njengomsebenzi wezoqoqosho osemthethweni phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ngaloo ndlela, iBhunga laseYurophu leFatwa kunye noPhando liqwalasela utyalo-mali kwii-stocks ukuba lube yi-halal ngokubanzi.

Phakathi kwezindululo eziphambili ezikhutshwe kwezi fatwas, sifumana imfuneko yokukhetha inkampani yokuziphatha, ukuhluzwa kwamacandelo angekho mthethweni (utywala, izixhobo, njl.), ukukhutshelwa ngaphandle kweendlela ezisekelwe kwinzala ye-surious, okanye uxanduva lokuhlawulisa i-zakat. izabelo kunye nengeniso. Ukuba ezi zilumkiso ziyahlonitshwa, utyalo-mali kwimarike yemasheya lunako ke ziqinisekiswe kwaye zikhuthazwe. Abanye bade babone njengendlela yokunyusa uqoqosho lokwenyani kunye nokwazisa ngakumbi ukuziphatha okubulela kwimpembelelo yabatyali-mali bamaSilamsi. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso jikelele kunye neevoti zabaninizabelo nako kuyacetyiswa.

Ukuququmbela

Ekugqibeleni, inokwenzeka into yokuba umSilamsi ukutyala imali kwimarike yemasheya ngelixa ihlonipha imigaqo kunye nemigaqo ye-Islam. Nangona eminye imiba yezemali yanamhlanje ingahambelani nomthetho weSharia, iindlela ezininzi ziyafumaneka kumtyali-mali onolwazi. Ngokukhetha i-Sharia-ithobela isitokhwe kunye neengxowa-mali, ukuphepha i-riba ngazo zonke iindlela, ukulumkela uqikelelo, kunye nokuhlawula ngokucokisekileyo i-zakat yabo, nawuphi na umSilamsi unako. yenza ingeniso ye-halal kwimarike yemasheya.

Kuyavunywa, oku kufuna uphando olungakumbi kunotyalo-mali lwakudala ukuze ukhethe ii-asethi ezifanelekileyo nezisemthethweni. Kodwa umgudu uwufanele ukuba ube noxolo lwengqondo uze ungaphazamisi iinkolelo zikabani zonqulo.

Kule nqaku, Finance de Demain njengoko ehlala esenza imijikelo ukukunika imbono yakhe indlela yokutyala imali kwimarike yemasheya njenge Muslim. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uhambe, nantsi indlela tyala imali kwi-real estate step by step.

FAQ

Umbuzo: Ngaba ukutyalomali kwimarike yemasheya kuvunyelwe kwi-Islam?

R: Ewe, utyalo-mali lugunyaziswe ngokubanzi nje ukuba luhlonipha imigaqo-mali yamaSilamsi: akukho nzala okanye ingcamango, utyalo-mali kuqoqosho lokwenene.

Umbuzo: Yeyiphi indlela yokukhetha i-halal stocks?

R: Kuyimfuneko ukuhlalutya umsebenzi wenkampani kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ayivelisi uninzi lwentengiso yayo kwicandelo lotywala, icuba, izixhobo, iphonografi, njl.