Izinyathelo ezi-5 zokuphatha ubungozi bakho bohlobo lwemali

Ukushintshashintsha kwamazinga okushintshanisa imali into yansuku zonke. Kusukela kumuntu ovakashele eholidini ohlela uhambo oluya phesheya futhi ezibuza ukuthi uzoyithola nini futhi kanjani imali yasendaweni, ukuya enhlanganweni yamazwe ngamazwe ethenga futhi ethengisa emazweni amaningi, umthelela wephutha ungaba mkhulu. Uma ucabanga ukuthi imali namazinga okushintshanisa ngeyamabhange kuphela, yisikhathi sokucabanga futhi.

Izingozi zemali zithinta wonke amabhizinisi amazwe ngamazwe. Uma ucabanga ukuthi imali kanye namazinga okushintshaniswa yinto okufanele amabhange kuphela akhathazeke ngayo, Cabanga futhi.

Amabhizinisi amaningi asengozini yohlobo lwemali, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ayakubona noma cha. Ngokushintshashintsha kwezimali kwakamuva kwezimali zomhlaba, ubungozi bemali bubuyile ku-ajenda yezinkampani ezinamakhasimende, abahlinzeki noma ukukhiqiza kwamanye amazwe.

Ngokusabalala kwe-coronavirus, uMashi no-April balethe ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwamanani okushintshana. Imithetho eqinile yokuqukatha lokhu kuqubuka iwuwohlozile umnotho womhlaba, okubangele ukwehla okuhambisanayo kwamanani kawoyela kanye nezimakethe zamasheya.

Imakethe ibheka izindawo eziphephile, eziphendukela kuzo i-yen yaseJapane, idola laseMelika kanye nefranc yaseSwitzerland. Izimali ezincane kanye nezimali zezimpahla zahlupheka, ikakhulukazi i-NOK, le SEK, AUD, NZD kanye nezimali ezimakethe ezisafufusa, nakuba okunye ukwehla kwenani kuye kwahlehla kusukela ngo-April.

Ukufunda okubalulekile ukuthi uma uqhuba ibhizinisi elenza imali phesheya kwezilwandle noma elinezindleko kwamanye amazwe, usengozini enkulu yohlobo lwemali. Imicimbi engaphezu kwamandla akho ingadla imali yakho engenayo futhi yandise izindleko zakho.

Ngakho inkulu kangakanani inkinga yokulawulwa kwezinhlekelele zemali?

Ocwaningweni lwama-CFO angama-200 kanye nabagcinimafa abacishe babe ngu-300 olwenziwa yi-HSBC kanye ne-FT Remark, 70% of CFOs uthe inkampani yabo ibe nenzuzo enciphayo eminyakeni emibili edlule ngenxa yobungozi bemali obugwemeka nobungavinjwa.

58% Ama-CFO ezinkampani ezinkulu athi ukuphathwa kwezinhlekelele zemali kungenye yezingozi ezimbili okwamanje ezithatha isikhathi esiningi sazo; futhi 51% uthe i-FX ingozi inhlangano yabo engahlomele kakhulu ukubhekana nayo.

Ukushintshashintsha kwezimali nakho kuwusongo emabhizinisini amancane naphakathi nendawo, kodwa ngokusho  isifundo se-Nordea  okwenziwa ekupheleni kuka-2020, ama-SME amaningi kakhulu awabukeli phansi ubungozi bezinga lokushintshisana kwawo.

Izinkampani ezinenzuzo engaphezulu kwama-euro ayizigidi ezimbili kanye nezinga elifanelekile lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle zibika ukuthi zilahlekelwe yizimali ebezingalindelekile ngenxa yokushintshashintsha kwemali ngesikhathi sodlame lwe-COVID-2.

Nokho, cishe uhhafu wama-SME akazange azivikele kuwo. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi izithiyo ezinkulu ekulawuleni ubungozi zihlobene nokuntuleka kwesikhathi nolwazi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuphatha ubungozi bakho bohlobo lwemali kungaletha izinzuzo ebhizinisini lakho:

• Vikela ukuhamba kwakho kwemali kanye namamajini enzuzo
• Ukubikezela kwezimali okuthuthukisiwe kanye nesabelomali
• Qonda kangcono ukuthi ukuguquguquka kohlobo lwemali kulithinta kanjani ibhalansi yakho
• Khuphula umthamo wokuboleka

Lapho amanani okushintshana eshintshashintsha, amabhizinisi ayashesha ukugwema ukulahlekelwa okungase kube khona. Yiziphi izingozi zemali okufanele bazigweme futhi kanjani?

Izinhlobo zobungozi bemali

Ngokuyisisekelo, amabhizinisi abhekana nezinhlobo ezintathu zokuchayeka engozini yohlobo lwemali: ukuchayeka kokwenziwe, ukuchayeka kokuhumusha, nokudalulwa kwezomnotho (noma ukusebenza). Sizowahlola ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.

Trade Exposure

Lolu uhlobo olulula kakhulu lokuchayeka ebungozini bohlobo lwemali futhi, njengoba igama libonisa, imiphumela evela kubhizinisi langempela ngemali yangaphandle. Ukuchayeka kwenzeka, ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yomehluko wesikhathi phakathi kwelungelo lokuthola imali ekhasimendeni kanye nokwamukela kwangempela okuphathekayo kwemali noma, esimweni somboleki, isikhathi esiphakathi kokufaka i-oda nokukhokha i-invoyisi.

exemple: Inkampani yase-US ifuna ukuthenga izinto zokusebenza futhi, ngemva kokuthola izingcaphuno ezivela kubahlinzeki abaningana (abasekhaya nabangaphandle), ikhethe ukuthenga ngama-euro enkampanini yaseJalimane. Izindleko zemishini 100 000 € futhi ngesikhathi se-oda, izinga lokushintshisana €/$ ingeyakhe 1,1, okusho ukuthi izindleko zenkampani ngama-USD ziyi $ 110.

Ezinyangeni ezintathu kamuva, lapho i-invoyisi isifuneka, i$ buthaka kanye nezinga lokushintshisana €/$ manje 1,2. Izindleko zebhizinisi zokulungisa okufanayo 100 000 € ukukhokha manje $ 120.

Ukuchayeka kokwenziwe kubangele izindleko ezengeziwe ezingalindelekile ebhizinisini le $ 10 000 futhi kungase kusho ukuthi inkampani ibingathenga okokusebenza ngentengo ephansi komunye wabanye abahlinzeki.

Ukuchayeka ekuhumusheni

Lokhu ukuhunyushwa noma ukuhunyushwa kwezitatimende zezimali (ezifana nesitatimende semali engenayo noma ishidi lebhalansi) yenkampani ephethwe ngenye isuka emalini yayo yasendaweni ukuya emalini ethulwa yinkampani engumzali.

Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba inkampani engumzali inezibopho zokubika kubanikazi bamasheya nabalawuli abayidinga ukuthi inikeze isethi yama-akhawunti ahlanganisiwe kuhlobo lwemali yayo yokubika kuzo zonke izinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo.

Ekuqhubekeni kwe isibonelo esingenhla, ake sithi inkampani yaseMelika inquma ukwakha inkampani engaphansi eJalimane ukuze ikhiqize imishini. Inkampani engaphansi izokwethula izitatimende zayo zezimali ku euros futhi inkampani engabazali yaseMelika izohumushela lezi zitatimende zibe USD.

Isibonelo esingezansi ibonisa ukusebenza kwezimali kwenkampani ephethwe ngenye ngohlobo lwemali yayo yasendaweni, ii-euro. Phakathi konyaka wokuqala nowesibili, wandisa iholo lakhe ngo-10% futhi ifinyelela ukukhiqiza okuthile ukukhawulela ukukhuphuka kwezindleko kube kuphela I-6%. Lokhu kubangela ukwanda okumangalisayo kwe 25% umholo ophelele.

Nokho, ngenxa yomthelela wokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushintshisana, ukusebenza kwezimali kwehluke kakhulu emalini yokubika yenkampani engumzali, i-USD.

Esikhathini seminyaka emibili, kulesi sibonelo, idola liqinisiwe kanye nezinga lokushintshaniswa €/$ isuke ku-avareji ye 1,2 unyaka 1 1,05 ukuze unyaka 2. Ukusebenza kwezimali ku USD kubukeka kubi kakhulu. Inzuzo izokwehla 4% futhi umphumela wenetha, ngenkathi uqhubeka ukhula, ukhuphuka kuphela 9% esikhundleni I-25%.

Ukuchayeka kwezomnotho (noma ukusebenza).

Lolu hlobo lwakamuva lwengozi yohlobo lwemali lubangelwa umthelela wokushintshashintsha kwemali okungalindelekile nokungenakugwenywa ekuhambeni nokugeleza kwemali kwesikhathi esizayo kwenkampani kanye nenani lemakethe, futhi okwesikhathi eside ngokwemvelo.

Lolu hlobo lokuchayeka lungaba nomthelela ezinqumweni zamasu zesikhathi eside, njengokuthi ungatshala kuphi emandleni okukhiqiza.

Kokuhlangenwe nakho kwami ​​kwaseHungary okukhulunywe ngakho ekuqaleni, inkampani engangiyisebenzela yahambisa umthamo omkhulu isuka e-United States yaya eHungary ekuqaleni kwawo-2000 ukuze isebenzise izindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza.

Kwakuyonga kakhulu ukukhiqiza eHungary bese uthumela umkhiqizo e-United States. Kodwa-ke, i-forint yaseHungary yabe isiqina kakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo futhi yasusa izinzuzo eziningi zezindleko ezilindelekile.

Izinguquko emazingeni okushintshanisa zingathinta kakhulu isikhundla senkampani sokuncintisana, ngisho noma ingasebenzi noma ithengise phesheya.

Isibonelo, umkhiqizi wefenisha waseMelika othengisa endaweni yangakini kuphela kusafanele abhekane nezinto ezithengwayo ezivela e-Asia naseYurophu, ezingaba ishibhile futhi zikwazi ukuncintisana kakhulu uma idola likwazisa kakhulu.

Izinyathelo Ezi-5 Zokuphatha Ibhizinisi Lakho' Ingozi Yokuhwebelana Kwangaphandle

Ukuqonda ukuthi ukuguquguquka kwezimali kuthinta kuphi futhi kanjani imali yenkampani akuqondile. Izinto eziningi ezihlukene, kusukela kuzitayela zezomnotho omkhulu kuya ekuziphatheni kokuncintisana phakathi kwezigaba zemakethe, zinquma ukuthi amanani okushintshanisa athinta kanjani ukugeleza kwemali ebhizinisini elithile.

1. Buyekeza umjikelezo wakho wokusebenza

Buyekeza umjikelezo wokusebenza kwenkampani yakho ukuze uthole ukuthi ubungozi bemali bukhona kuphi. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi i-margin yenzuzo yakho ibucayi kangakanani ekuguquguqukeni kohlobo lwemali.

2. Yamukela ukuthi unokugeleza kwemali okuhlukile

Wonke amabhizinisi ahlukile futhi lokhu kubonakala ekuhambeni kwakho kwemali, kodwa futhi nasekwakheni kwezimpahla zakho nezikweletu. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuguquguquka kohlobo lwemali kungaba nomthelela nokuthi isinqumo sokubiyela noma cha akulula njengomqulu wedayisi.

3. Nquma ukuthi yimiphi imithetho ofuna ukuyisebenzisa ekulawuleni ubungozi bohlobo lwakho lwemali - futhi unamathele kuyo

Inqubomgomo yokuhwebelana yangaphandle esebenzayo iqala ngokuqonda okucacile kwezinjongo zezezimali zenkampani kanye nomthelela ongaba khona izinguquko emazingeni okushintshaniswa okungenzeka zibe nawo kuzo: uma ukungena nokuphuma kwemali okusebenzayo kuyizinhlobo zemali ezihlukene, Izinguquko kumazinga okushintshaniswa zingafaka engozini i-EBITDA ibhizinisi elihlosiwe.

Uma izimpahla nezikweletu kuyizinhlobo zemali ezihlukene, ukubuyekezwa kwalezi zimpahla ngezilinganiso zokushintshisana ezintsha kungase kube sengozini. umphumela weNet ye-P&L noma okuhlosiwe kwesilinganiso semali.

Inqubomgomo yokulawulwa kwezinhlekelele zokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe iqinisekisa ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izinjongo zezezimali, ubungozi bokuhwebelana obungase bubeke engcupheni lezi zinhloso buqashwe ngendlela ehlelekile futhi buncishiswe.

4. Lawula ukuchayeka kwakho engcupheni yemali

Ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa emikhiqizweni ebonakalayo, kukhona ukunqamula phakathi kokuthatha izinqumo zebhizinisi nokubheka imiphumela yalezo zinqumo ku-akhawunti yasebhange yenkampani. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-oda okuthenga nokudayisa ayaxoxisana, izinto zokwakha zithunyelwa emhlabeni wonke, futhi izimpahla ziyakhiqizwa, zigcinwe, futhi zilethwe. 

funda isihloko: Konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nokushintshashintsha kwentengo yemakethe yamasheya 

Kanye nale nqubo ebonakalayo, ama-invoyisi ayathunyelwa, abuyekezwe, agunyazwe futhi akhokhelwe ekugcineni. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimali ziyaziswa futhi ziyehla.

Uma izindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo nezokukhiqiza zikuhlobo lwemali oluhlukile kunemali engenayo yokuthengisa, lokhu kushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushintshisana kungasula kalula amamajini okuthengisa inkampani ewasebenzise njengesisekelo sokuthatha izinqumo kwayo kwasekuqaleni. 

Amathuluzi ezezimali angasiza ekwehliseni lokhu kungaqiniseki okuphazamisa izinjongo zezezimali zenkampani. Yilokho thina shayela ikhava, futhi lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi amanani okushintshanisa athinta amabhalansi e-akhawunti yasebhange yenkampani awahlukile kakhulu kulawo asetshenziswa ekuthatheni izinqumo.

5. Shintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphathwa kwemali ukuze ukhulule isikhathi sakho

Amabhizinisi amancane kanye nezinkampani ezinkulu zingazuza ngokuzenzakalelayo ekucutshungulweni kwemali yazo. Isixazululo esiwina umklomelo I-AutoFX kusuka eNordea isiza izinkampani ukuthi zikhulule izinsiza, zisuse imisebenzi eyenziwa ngesandla, futhi zinciphise ubungozi bokusebenza kanye namaphutha abantu. 

Uma unolwazi kule ndawo, ungakushiya kumazwana