Kungani uhlaziye futhi uqonde ibhange lamaSulumane?

Ngokukhishwa kwenyama kwezimakethe, ulwazi lwezezimali lunjalo manje isakazwa emhlabeni jikelele nangesikhathi sangempela. Lokhu kwandisa izinga lokuqagela okuholela ekuguquguqukeni okuphezulu kakhulu ezimakethe futhi kudalule amabhange. Ngakho, Finance de Demain, iphakamisa ukwethula kuwe izizathu zokuthi kungani kudingekile ukuhlaziya nokuqonda ibhange lamaSulumane ukuze kutshalwe imali kangcono.

Kodwa ukuze uqale, nazi ezinye Izeluleko namasu okudala nokuthuthukisa okuzokuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise inkampani yakho noma ibhizinisi lakho kalula kakhulu.

🌿 Kungani ezezimali Islamic?

Inkinga yezezimali yango-2008, imbangela yayo kwaba ukuqagela, yenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuqonda ukuthi uhlelo lwezezimali lomhlaba wonke selube ne-opaque futhi lunekhono. Noma yiziphi izindlela zokulawula ezizobekwa kuso ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezingase zibe khona, uzosungula izindlela zokuzigwema.

Noma kunjalo, amabhange okuthiwa amaSulumane asinde ngokuyisimangaliso kule nkinga. Lokhu kuqina kungachazwa ngokuthi, ngokwethiyori, abazenzi intshisekelo futhi ungaqageli.

Kumele kushiwo ukuthi ukufakwa kwezimali komnotho kuyingxenye yemiphumela eqondile yokuhwebelana kwezezimali. Lokhu kuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kulethe uguquko olukhulu kufilosofi nasemikhubeni yezezimali zebhizinisi.

Lokhu kuhwebelana komhlaba wonke kwezezimali, okubonakala ngokufuna inzuzo unomphela, ngokusobala kuhilela umkhuba wamazinga enzalo, ukuqagela kanye nokugcinwa kwezokuphepha okuyizimbangela eziyinhloko zenkinga yezimali ka-2008.

Ngakho, manje sidinga uhlelo lwezezimali lokho beka abantu enkabeni yezomnotho futhi akuseyena lowo osebenzisa uMuntu njengethuluzi lokusebenzela umnotho.

Ngamanye amazwi, umhlaba udinga uhlelo lwezezimali olunokuziphatha okuhle futhi olubophezelekile emphakathini. ekwazi ukunciphisa ukungabi nabulungiswa nokungalingani kwezezimali.

Ezezimali zamaSulumane, uma zisezingeni lethiyori kuphela, zifeza zonke lezi zimo. Ungu-a ezezimali "ezinomthwalo wemfanelo". njengoba isekelwe ekuhlonipheni okuqinile izimiso zomthetho wamaSulumane.

Iziveza njengegatsha lezomnotho wamaSulumane, ihlose ukusungula uhlelo lwezomnotho oluhambisana ne-Islam. Ngo-2008, i-Islamic Financial System (IFS) yagqama ekulinganeni kwayo evamile ngokumelana nale nkinga. 

Yilokhu okudonse ukunaka kochwepheshe nabacwaningi ababezibuza ngezizathu zokugonywa kwakhe. Eqinisweni, i-SFI ifuna ukucabangela kabusha uMuntu njengomzuzi futhi ayisenaso "isisulu" sezezimali.

Kungalesi sizathu ukuhlonipha izimiso zobulungiswa bezenhlalakahle, ukulunga nokungafihli ebhizinisini kuyinani eliyinhloko eligcinwe futhi livikelwe yilolu hlelo lwezezimali.

🌿 Ezezimali zamaSulumane: yimuphi umehluko uma uqhathaniswa nezezimali ezijwayelekile?

Izimali zamaSulumane nazo ziyahluka ekulinganeni nazo ngombono wazo wemali enkulu kanye nabasebenzi. Eqinisweni, imikhuba yezomnotho nezezimali eqhubekayo ngesikhathi soMprofethi Muhammad ikhonza yena ikakhulukazi njengesisekelo.

Eqinisweni, ezezimali zamaSulumane zibonakala ngokuvinjelwa kwenzuzo kanye nesibopho somphakathi sokutshalwa kwezimali.

Nakuba amabhange avamile ethola ingxenye enkulu yemali engenayo emalini enzalo, ama-BI asekelwe ekuhlonipheni isimiso sokwabelana ngenzuzo nokulahlekelwa ezinkontilekeni zezimali ezisungulwe phakathi kwebhange nabalingani balo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindawo zokutshala izimali ezingavunyelwe yiSharia, okungukuthi i-Haram (ngokuphambene Halal).

Isibonelo, imidlalo yenhlanhla, imisebenzi ehlobene notshwala, ukufuya izingulube, izikhali noma imboni yefilimu, njll.

Ukuqinisekisa lokho izimali kukhona i-halal, kunekhomishana yokuqondisa ngaphakathi kwamabhange. Le khomishana yokuqondisa utshalomali yenzeka ngokomgomo ngezindlela ezimbili (02).

Indlela yokuqala ngeyomuntu ngamunye ngomqondo wokuthi wonke umSulumane akufanele atshale izimali zakhe kuwo imisebenzi engahambelani ngenkolo yakhe. Eyesibili isikhungo noma inhlangano.

Amabhange kanye nezimali zokutshalwa kwezimali zamaSulumane zakhiwe, ngaphezu kwebhodi labaqondisi kanye nomhlangano jikelele, wekomidi eliqondisa i-Sharia noma ikomidi lezimiso zokuziphatha ( Ibhodi leSharia) amalungu awo azimele.

Ngakho, ukubamba ezinkampanini ezisebenza ezindaweni ezingekho emthethweni kubangela ukungavunyelwa yila makomiti.

🌿 Kungani uhlaziya amabhange amaSulumane?

Ezezimali zamaSulumane ziyithuba langempela lokubamba ukuzinza okungcono kohlelo lwezezimali lomhlaba wonke. Kodwa-ke, amanye amazwi aphikisanayo akubona njenge " inkohliso" ezifihlwe egameni le-Islam.

Ngakho, ukukhathazeka kwamanje yilokho kolwazi.  Ingabe ezezimali zamaSulumane ziyi-Islamization yezindlela noma i-Islamization of ends?

Ezinye izici eziyiqiniso zenza kube nokwenzeka ukubuza kabanzi mayelana nalolu hlelo lwezezimali.

✔️ okokuqala, ngokusobala amazwe asekhweni lamaSulumane afana ne-Saudi Arabia abonakala ehlanganiswe kakhulu ohlelweni lwe-neoliberal olusekelwe ekuqageleni futhi acwile ekwenziweni kwesilinganiso senzalo.

Yize bekukholelwa ukuthi izoqeda inkinga yezezimali ngasekupheleni kuka-2008, kuzovela inkinga yaseDubai World Bank.

✔️ Okwesibili, Imisebenzi yasebhange yamaSulumane kumele ihambisane nemigomo yomthetho wamaSulumane.

Ukwehluleka ukuthobela le migomo kungenzeka kuthunaze isithunzi sayo yonke imboni. Nokho, amabhange awazihloniphi ngaso sonke isikhathi lezi zimiso zenkolo.

✔️ okwesithathu, uhlelo lwezezimali lwamaSulumane lusabhekene nobunzima obukhulu obuhlobene nokulawulwa kwalo.

Ama-BI, ngenxa yezizathu zokuqhathaniswa kwezitatimende zezimali, ahlala esebenzisa izindinganiso zokubala ze-IFRS. Nokho, lezi zindinganiso azivumelaniswa nazo uma sinamathela ezicini zenkolo zemisebenzi yabo yasebhange.

✔️ Okwesine, Ukubhanga kwamaSulumane akugcini nje ngokubhekana nezingqinamba ezithile kanye nezingozi, ngale kwezingozi zamabhange ezivamile, kodwa futhi kuphakamisa imibuzo ejulile mayelana nokulahla kwawo umbono wenzuzo ongakhawulela intuthuko yawo engaba khona.

Ukubhekana nalokhu kushiyeka, banikela ngemikhiqizo ebiza kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa naleyo enikezwa ama-CBs.

✔️ Okwesihlanu, uhlobo lokuxhumanisa kwezimali kwamabhange amaSulumane luwenza athambekele kakhulu ezinkingeni ze-ejensi kunozakwabo abavamile.

🌿 Kungani incwadi yokuhlaziywa kwamabhange amaSulumane?

Isifiso sethu sokubhala incwadi ngamabhange amaSulumane silele uhlobo oluthile lwemisebenzi yabo. Abadingi nje ukuhlonipha izimiso zakudala zezimali, kodwa futhi nokuhlonipha izimiso zamaSulumane.

Eqinisweni, i-SFI ikhuthaza ukugcinwa kwezimali okunezimiso ezinhle nezinesibopho esizosimamisa umnotho womhlaba.

Ukungafihli nokungenzeleli ebhizinisini, ukulondolozwa kwendawo ezungezile, ukuhlonipha isithunzi somuntu nokwesaba uNkulunkulu, yikona okuwumgogodla walesi simiso sezimali. Kungalesi sisekelo lapho le ncwadi yehluka khona kulezi ezikhona emabhange.

🌿 Ibhalelwe obani le ncwadi?

Le ncwadi ihloselwe izethameli eziningi. Noma ubani onentshisekelo kwezezimali zamaSulumane uzothola kulo msebenzi izici zezimpendulo ezikhathazayo mayelana nokusebenza kanye nendlela yokuphatha yezinkampani zamabhange zamaSulumane, imikhiqizo yezezimali abayinikezayo kanye nemininingwane yezitatimende zabo zezezimali uma kuqhathaniswa nalezo ezilinganayo zazo ezivamile.

Ukuze siqonde kangcono le ncwadi, sizamile ukuzibeka endaweni yomuntu osondela kwezezimali zamaSulumane okokuqala ngqa.

Kulokhu, inhloso yethu bekuwukugqamisa izici ezitholwa abafundi noma ochwepheshe noma okufanele bathole ezithakazelisayo ocwaningweni noma ekusebenzeni kwezimali zamaSulumane.

Chofoza lapha ukuze uyithenge

Le ncwadi ihlelwe yaba izahluko eziyisikhombisa (07).

✔️ Isahluko 1 wethula izizathu zokukhetha indikimba. Ngaphambi kokwethula lezi zizathu, sethula ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nokuhlaziywa kwezimali zamabhange.

✔️ Isahluko 2 yethula imboni yezezimali yamaSulumane iyonke. Yethula i-SFI kusukela kusiqalo sayo kuya esimweni sayo samanje, okuhlanganisa nezimiso zayo zokusebenza.

✔️ Isahluko 3 iveza ukusebenza kwamabhange amaSulumane. Lapha, sethula izinhlobo zezingozi nezindlela zokulawula ubungozi amabhange amaSulumane abhekana nazo.

✔️ Isahluko 4 yethula ukubusa kwezinkampani zamabhange zamaSulumane. Iphikisana nokuphathwa kwezinkampani zamabhange ezivamile kulokho kwamabhange amaSulumane.

✔️ Isahluko 5 yethula imithetho yokubalwa kwezimali yamabhange amaSulumane. Lapha, sethula amazinga namasu amarekhodi okubalwa asetshenziswa ama-BI emisebenzini yawo yansuku zonke yokubala.

✔️ Isahluko 6 yethula imikhiqizo eyahlukene yezezimali nengeyona eyezezimali eyaziwa ngokuthi i-halal olunikezwa amabhange Islamic.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, yethula izinhlobo ezihlukene zezinkontileka (ikakhulukazi inkontileka yezimali kanye nenkontileka yokubamba iqhaza) ezinikezwa yila mabhange kanye nemikhawulo yawo mayelana nokuhlonipha izimiso zenkolo.

✔️ Isahluko 7 ekugcineni iveza imininingwane yezitatimende zezezimali zamabhange amaSulumane uma kuqhathaniswa nalezo ezilingana nazo ezijwayelekile.

Kodwa-ke, uma ufuna ukulawula izimali zakho ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, ngincoma kakhulu lo mhlahlandlela.

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