Imfuneko yemali yokusebenza ngokuningiliziwe

Le imfuneko yemali yokusebenzat ingachazwa njengenani lemali inkampani eyidingayo ukuze ibhekane nezidingo eziwumphumela wokungafani phakathi kwemali engenayo nokuphumayo. Ihambisana nenani inkampani okufanele iyinike imali ukuze ilawule igebe eliphakathi kwalo izimali kanye namaqoqo. Akufanele kudidaniswe ne Inhloko yokusebenza.

Eqinisweni, inkampani okufanele ikhokhele abahlinzeki bayo ngaphambi kokuthola inkokhelo yamakhasimende ayo inesidingo semali yokusebenza ukuze ixhaswe. Uma izitoko zinkulu kanye nezikhathi zokuhola, inkampani iba sengozini enkulu yokuba ne- imfuneko enkulu yemali yokusebenza.

Izinga lesidingo semali yokusebenza lincike kumingcele eminingana: umkhakha womsebenzi, izimo zokuthengisa, izimo zokuthenga, izikhathi zokuzungezisa isitoko kanye nomthamo womsebenzi. Kulesi sihloko, sethula imfuneko yemali yokusebenza ngokuningiliziwe. Asambe!!

🌿 Iyini imfuneko yemali yokusebenza?

Imfuneko yemali yokusebenza yinani elidingekayo ukuze inkampani ikwazi ukukhokha zonke izindleko zayo zamanje ngesikhathi ilindele ukuthola inkokhelo okufanele ikhokhelwe kumakhasimende ayo ahlukahlukene. Ichaza ukuzimela kwezezimali kwenkampani esikhathini esifushane.

Le nkomba imele inani elidingekayo ukuze kuxhaswe izindleko zenkampani ngaphandle kokuthi kudingeke ukuthi iqoqe izikweletu zamakhasimende ayo ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Uma ubala imfuneko yemali yokusebenza yenkampani futhi uqaphele ukuthi injalo okukhulu kuno-0, ngakho ukuhlaziya okufanele kwenziwe ukuthi kufanele ikhokhele abahlinzeki bayo zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30.

Amabhizinisi amaningi namuhla anesidingo semali esebenzayo esisondele ku-zero, ngakho lokho kusho ukuthi adinga ukuthola imali yokubhekana nokungahambi kahle kwemali.

✔️ Izimo ezithile

Ngokungafani nezinkampani eziqoqa imali ngaphambi kokuyikhipha, ziyizinkampani ngokuvamile ezinesidingo semali yokusebenza ngaphansi kuka-0.

Kulokhu, sizokhuluma ngezinsizakusebenza zemali. Sine njengesibonelo, izinkampani emkhakheni wezokudayisa ngokuvamile ezikhona kuleli cala, ngoba amakhasimende azo akhokhela izimpahla ngokheshi.

Inzuzo eyinhloko yemfuneko yemali yokusebenza iwukuba ngezimali umjikelezo wokusebenza kwenkampani. Ihambisana nencazelo yemali yokusebenza evela kufomula kusetshenziswa imali ehlala njalo kanye nempahla engashintshi.

🌿 Ungabala kanjani izidingo zemali yokusebenza?

Isidingo semali yokusebenza ngokuvamile sibalwa ngenani lezinsuku zenzuzo. Lapho udala noma uthenga ibhizinisi, ukunquma izidingo zemali yokusebenza kuyisinyathelo okungafanele singanakwa. Uma ihlanekezelwe noma yenziwe kabi, kungaba yimbangela enkulu yokunyamalala kwenkampani.

Ngenxa yesidingo semali yokusebenza, umphathi wenkampani angakwazi hlola ukusebenza kwebhizinisi lakho ngokuhlaziya nje imiphumela ehlukene etholiwe.

Izibalo zingaba masonto onke, nyanga zonke, ngekota noma ngonyaka, kufanele ziqhathaniswe futhi zifundwe. Ukwenza lokhu, umphathi kufanele azibuze le mibuzo:

• Ingabe zikhona izinguquko onyakeni odlule, ingxenye yonyaka odlule, ikota edlule noma enyangeni edlule?
• Kungenzeka yini ukuchaza lolu shintsho?
• Uma kungavuni, kungabuyiswa kanjani ukuzinza kwezezimali?
• Uma ivuma, ingagcinwa kanjani, noma ithuthukiswe kanjani?

✔️ Inkampani yomhlinzeki wesevisi

Uma inkampani igxile ekuhlinzekweni kwezinsizakalo, ngakho-ke ayinaso isitokwe sezimpahla. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ithuthukise izinkokhiso zamanje ukuze ikwazi uku-invoyisi izinzuzo namasevisi eliwanikezayo.

Lezi zindleko zamanje zivame ukurekhodwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi “ umsebenzi usaqhubeka ". Ngalesi sikhathi, imfuneko yemali yokusebenza ibalwa ngokucabangela idatha elandelayo:

• Imithwalo yosuku lokusebenza;
• Zonke izindleko ezijwayelekile zifakiwe (kuhlanganise neholo);
• Isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze uqedele isevisi noma isevisi e-odwe ikhasimende.

Ifomula yokunquma imfuneko yemali yokusebenza kuleli cala imi kanje:

• WCR = Umsebenzi usaqhubeka + Isilinganiso esiqhubekayo “ okutholwayo » - Isilinganiso esiqhubekayo “ imali yekhasimende »
• WCR = Amasheya Nama + Okutholwayo (okutholwayo kwezohwebo kanye nokutholwayo okuxubile) - Izikweletu (konke izikweletu okungezona ezezimali).

🌿 Okuguquguqukayo okuthonya izimfuneko zemali yokusebenza

Okuguquguqukayo okuningana kunomthelela ekubalweni kwemfuneko yemali yokusebenza

✔️ Umnqamulajuqu wokukhokha (okuxoxiswene ngawo nabahlinzeki bempahla) 

Ukubalwa ngezinsuku: (izinkokhelo zohwebo/okuthengwayo kuhlanganisa nentela) x 360. Umphumela uba ukuthi sithola bese kuhambisana nemibandela yokukhokha enikezwa abahlinzeki enkampanini. Ngokuvamile, sinesikhathi sokukhokha esiyizinsuku ezingama-30 kuye kwezingama-60.

✔️ Isikhathi sokukhokha (inkampani eyinikeza amakhasimende uma i-oda) 

Ukubalwa ngezinsuku zenzuzo : (okutholwayo kwezohwebo/inzuzo ehlanganisa intela) x 360. Umphumela otholiwe ulingana nesikhathi sokukhokha sayo yonke imikhiqizo inkampani yakho eyithengisa kumakhasimende ayo. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kuncike ezintweni eziningi ezifana nomkhakha wakho womsebenzi, amakhasimende akho, njll.

Njengesikhathi sokukhokha osinikezwe abahlinzeki bakho, isikhathi sokukhokha siphakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-30 nezingama-60.

✔️ Isikhathi sokujikeleza kwesitoko.

Futhi bala ngezinsuku: (isilinganiso sempahla/ukukhiqiza noma izindleko zokukhiqiza) x 360. Umphumela ozowuthola uzocacisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ithengwa nini nokuthi le mikhiqizo ithengiswa nini kabusha, okungukuthi inani lezinsuku le mikhiqizo isitokweni.

🌿 Ukuhlaziywa kwezidingo zemali yokusebenza

Ukuze ukholakale ngokwanele, imfuneko yemali yokusebenza ivela kumjikelezo wokusebenza wenkampani, imele noma yisiphi isidingo noma insiza yezimali ethile ezalwa ngenxa yomsebenzi oyinhloko wenkampani. Ngakho-ke imfuneko yemali yokusebenza ingumehluko phakathi kwemisebenzi nezinsiza zokusebenza.

✔️ Yini okufanele uyenze uma imisebenzi idlula izinsiza?

Lapho imisebenzi mikhulu kunezinsiza zokusebenza, inkampani kufanele ixhase izidingo zayo zesikhathi esifushane ngemali yayo yokusebenza noma izikweletu zayo zezimali.

Ngakho-ke izinsiza zokusebenza zizokwenza kube lula ukukhokhela imisebenzi yokusebenza. Inkampani ngeke ibe nezidingo zezimali. Kodwa futhi ngeke ibe nayo imali eyengeziwe.

✔️ Yini okufanele uyenze uma izinsiza zinkulu kunemisebenzi?

Uma izinsiza zinkulu kunokusetshenziswa ukuxhashazwa. Inkampani ngeke ke kudingeke uxhaso futhi imali enqwabelene ekhiqizwayo izophakela imali yayo yonke futhi ukuze kugwenywe ukuqongelela izimali, ingatshalwa.

Imali yokusebenza Ivumela inkampani ukuthi ikwazi ukuxhasa ngezimali izidingo zayo zemali yokusebenza. Kungumehluko phakathi osonhlamvukazi unomphela (ukulingana kanye nesikweletu sesikhathi eside) kanye izimali yenkampani.

Ngakho-ke imele imali okufanele ihlale njalo enkampanini ukuze kuqinisekiswe umjikelezo wokusebenza kwenkampani. Uma likhulu inani lemali esebenzayo, kukhulu ukuzimela kwezezimali kwenkampani.

🌿 Yini okufanele uyenze ngemuva kokunquma imfuneko yemali yokusebenza?

Uma isidingo semali yokusebenza sesinqunyiwe, futhi ususihlaziyile (noma ngabe positive, zero noma negative), kufanele ukucabangele lokhu ekuqhubekeleni phambili komsebenzi wakho futhi nakakhulu uma isidingo sakho semali yokusebenza sivuma. Esimweni esinjalo, kuzomele uyixhase.

Kuleli qophelo, izinketho eziningi ziyatholakala kuwe. Ngakho-ke kukuwe ukuthi ukhethe leyo ehambisana nezinjongo zakho.

• Le i-overdraft ; kuzodingeka ukhethe lesi sixazululo uma izidingo zakho zezezimali zingezesikhashana.
• Iminikelo ku ama-akhawunti amanje ; ziyisamba semali esitholwa yinkampani ngabalingani abahlukahlukene. Kuzodingeka uthathe le nketho njengesixazululo lapho izidingo zakho zezimali ziyisikhathi esifushane/esimaphakathi.
• Inzalo yezinsiza zesikhathi eside uma kuqhathaniswa nezidingo zezimali zesikhathi eside uma izidingo zakho zingezesikhathi eside.

🌿 Yini okufanele siyiqaphele ngokuphathwa kahle kwe-WCR yethu?

Ukuze uphathwe kahle i-Working Capital Requirement (WCR), kubalulekile ukuqapha ngokucophelela amazinga e-inventory ukuze kugwenywe imali enqwabelene noma ukushoda, okungase kuphazamise ukuhamba kwemali. Ukwengeza, ukuphathwa okusebenzayo kokutholwayo kwamakhasimende okubalulekile ukunciphisa ukukhokha sekwephuzile futhi kugcinwe ukuhamba kwemali okunempilo.

Uma kuziwa ezikweletini zabahlinzeki, kubalulekile ukuxoxisana ngemibandela yokukhokha evumayo kuyilapho ugwema ukubambezeleka okukhulu. Okokugcina, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo zokusebenza, njengokuphathwa kwempahla kanye nama-invoyisi, kungasiza ukwehlisa i-WCR futhi kuthuthukise impilo yonke yezezimali yenkampani.

Ukuze uphathe kahle imfuneko yemali yakho yokusebenza, kubalulekile ukubheka kahle la maphuzu alandelayo:

• Ama-akhawunti akho kufanele abe sesikhathini samanje (ibhalansi yama-akhawunti ekhasimende);
• Uzodinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unokuphathwa kahle kwe-inventory;
• Phatha kahle isikhundla sekhasimende: ngokunciphisa izinsuku zokukhokha (process invoice ngokushesha, landelela amakhasimende ngokushesha futhi uqoqe);
• Phatha ngokucophelela isikhundla somphakeli (xoxisana ngemibandela yokukhokha ukuze ulenze libe lide);
• Khetha indlela ekahle yokuxhasa ngezimali izidingo zakho, njengokubolekwa kwemali ebhange kanye ne-factoring.

🌿 Ukuvala

Sengiphetha, ukuphathwa ngempumelelo kwe-Working Capital Requirement (WCR) kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe impilo yezezimali kusuka enkampanini. Ngokugada ngokucophelela amazinga e-inventory, izikhathi zokukhokha nezokuqoqwa, kanye nezimo zezikweletu zomphakeli, inkampani ingakwazi ukuthuthukisa i-WCR yayo futhi ithuthukise ukuhamba kwayo kwemali.

Ukunaka kakhulu izinqubo zokusebenza kanye nezibikezelo zokuhamba kwemali nakho kungaba nomthelela ekuphathweni okunembe kakhudlwana kwe-WCR. Ekugcineni, abaphathi i-BFR esebenzayo kungasiza ibhizinisi ukuthi lilondoloze imali eyanele yokusebenza kwansuku zonke futhi liqhubekisele ukukhula okuzinzile.

🌿 Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Iyini i-Working Capital Requirement (WCR)?

I-Working Capital Requirement (WCR) imele umehluko phakathi kwezinsiza zesikhathi esifushane zenkampani (uhlu, okutholwa yikhasimende) kanye nezibopho zayo zesikhathi esifushane (izikweletu zomphakeli, izikweletu ezinqwabelene).

Kungani ukuphathwa kwe-WCR kubalulekile enkampanini?

Ukuphatha okuphumelelayo kwe-WCR kubalulekile ngoba kuthinta ngokuqondile ukuhamba kwemali kanye nekhono lenkampani lokuxhasa ngezimali imisebenzi yayo yansuku zonke. I-WCR engalawulwa kahle ingaholela ezinkingeni ze-liquidity kanye nezinkinga zezezimali.

Singayithuthukisa kanjani i-WCR?

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-WCR kuhilela ukuqapha ngokucophelela amazinga e-inventory, ukuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwama-akhawunti atholwayo, ukuxoxisana nemibandela yokukhokha evumayo nabahlinzeki, nokuthuthukisa izinqubo zokusebenza ukuze kuncishiswe izikhathi zokukhokha nokuqoqwa.

Yiziphi izingozi ezihlobene ne-WCR ephethwe kabi?

I-WCR ephethwe kabi ingaholela ebunzimeni bokuphuma kwemali, ukubambezeleka kwezinkokhelo, ukushoda kwezimali ezisetshenziswayo kanye nezinkinga zesikhathi eside zokukhokha imali. Kungase futhi kuthinte ikhono lenkampani lokusebenzisa amathuba okukhula.

Siqedile!! Sicela ushiye imibono yakho kumazwana. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi uhambe lapha indlela okufanele uyiphathe ngayo imali yomndeni wakho ngokuthula.