Yiziphi mutual funds

Les mutual fund ziyinqola yokutshala imali ehlanganisa izimali zabatshalizimali abambalwa ukuze batshale ezibambiso ezihlukahlukene ezifana namasheya, amabhondi noma izibambiso zemakethe yemali.

Izimali ezihlanganyelwe zisekelwe kumgomo owodwa: xhuma imali okungabatshalizimali abaningana abanemibono yokutshala imali ezinhlobonhlobo zezibambiso.

Lezi zibambiso zingaba amasheya, amathuluzi emakethe yemali, noma izibopho. Umnikazi weyunithi ngamunye unikezwa ingxenye elinganayo nenani lamayunithi anawo kusukela ekutshalweni kwezimali, okuvela kakhulu emithonjeni emibili:

• Imali engenayo: inzalo ekhokhwa kuzibambiso zesikhwama noma izabelo ezitholiwe.
• Inzuzo yemali noma ukulahlekelwa ngokuvamile okuvela ekuthengisweni kwezibambiso ezibanjiwe.

Ngakho-ke isikhwama ngasinye siphathiswe umphathi wesikhwama yena othenga futhi adayise ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhlukahlukene. Lokhu ikwenza ngokuhambisana nenhloso yesikhwama okungaba: ukukhula kwesikhathi eside, ukonga imali, imali engenayo yesikhathi esifushane noma inhlanganisela enkulu yalokhu kokuthathu.

Kuye ngenhloso yaso, isikhwama singatshalwa kumabhondi, kumasheya, kumathuluzi emakethe yemali noma inhlanganisela yezibambiso ezi-3. Asambe!!

🌿 Yiziphi izinzuzo ze-Mutual Funds?

Kule minyaka engamashumi amabili edlule, i-mutual funds ikhule ngokuduma ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo ezilandelayo.

✔️ ukuphathwa kochwepheshe

Imali oyifaka ku-mutual fund ephethwe ngochwepheshe okuthi, nsuku zonke, enze izinqumo zokutshala izimali ezisekelwe ocwaningweni olujulile, ulwazi lwemakethe, isofthiwe eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nolwazi lwabo siqu.

✔️ Ukuhlukahluka

I-single mutual fund iyodwa ingaba nenani eliphezulu kakhulu lezibambiso uma kuqhathaniswa nenani abatshalizimali abaningi abazisebenzelayo abangalikhokhela.

Lokhu kubanika ithuba lokusabalalisa ubungozi kanye nokunciphisa imiphumela yokuntengantenga kwezimakethe.

✔️ Izinhlobonhlobo zokukhetha ezitholakalayo

Uma kubhekwa izinhlobonhlobo ze-mutual funds, abatshalizimali banenkululeko yokuthola lezo ezihlangabezana nezinhloso zabo zokutshala imali.

✔️ Ukutholakala njalo kwezisetshenziswa

Amayunithi owaphethe ku-mutual funds angathengwa futhi athengiswe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukuze umtshali-zimali ngamunye akwazi ukufinyelela izimali zakhe kalula.

✔️ Ukuvumelana nezimo

Njengoba imigomo yokutshala izimali yabatshalizimali ishintsha, bayakwazi ukuhambisa imali yabo phakathi kwezimali ngaphandle komthungo.

🌿 Izinhlobo zezimali ezihlanganyelwe

Namuhla, sinezikhwama ezimbalwa zokubambisana, ezibaluleke kakhulu zazo yilezi:

✔️ Isikhwama sokwabiwa kwempahla

Inhloso eyinhloko yokwabiwa kwezimali ukuhlinzeka abatshalizimali abahlukahlukene ngemoto eyodwa ehlanganisa iholo kanye nezinjongo zokukhula.

Kuze kube manje, izimali zokwabiwa kwempahla azikwenzi awabekwa esigabeni esisodwa sempahla, kodwa kumabhondi amaningi ikakhulukazi, ukheshi namasheya, okwenza kube ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhlukahlukene.

Ngokuhlukahluka kwempahla, izimali zokwabiwa zilahlekelwa kancane ekuwohlokeni kwemakethe yamasheya ngoba azivezwa kancane emkhakheni wemboni eyodwa.

Lezi zimali zihlinzeka ngokulondolozwa kwemali emaphakathi kanye zinikeza amathuba aphezulu kakhulu emali engenayo emaphakathi esikhathini esifushane. Zifanele abatshalizimali abazimisele ukwamukela ubungozi obuthile ukuze bathole ukukhula kwezimali okufunayo. Ngaphandle, nokho, ukubala emalini engenayo emaphakathi esikhathini esifushane.

✔️ Izimali zokuvikeleka ezinemali engenayo engashintshi

Ngokujwayelekile, izimali ezingenayo ezigxilile zitshala ezitokisini ezikhethwayo namabhondi.

Ngalezi zimali, uneholo eliphezulu kakhulu lesikhashana kunezimali zemakethe yemali, kodwa ikunikeza ukonga imali encane. Qhathanisa nezintengo zezimali ze-equity, intengo yazo ngokuvamile izinzile kakhulu.

Izimbuyiselo nokugcinwa kwekhephithali kuyehluka kakhulu kwesinye isikhwama sokuvikela ukuze imali engenayo igxile kwesinye.

Mayelana nezimali ezinesivuno esikhulu, ezihlose ukukhulisa imbuyiselo ngamabhondi esikhathi eside, ekhwalithi ephansi, futhi eziqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwekhephithali encane kunezikhwama zemali engenayo engaguquki etshalwe ezibambiso ezinenzuzo ephansi kakhulu, kodwa ukuba nekhwalithi engcono.

Kufanele sazi ukuthi phakathi kwezikhwama zemali engenayo engaguquki, abanye bafuna ukunciphisa ubungozi ngokutshalwa kwezimali okukhethekile ezibambiso eziqinisekiswa ngokugcwele yi-Canada mayelana nokubuyiselwa kwemali kanye nokukhokhwa kothishanhloko.

Lezi zimali zifanele abatshalizimali abangathanda ukukhulisa imali yabo yesikhathi esifushane ngenkathi bemukela izinga eliphansi kakhulu lengozi.

Inhloso yesibili yezimali zayo ukukhula kwezimali, njengoba lezi zimali zivame ukuthandwa ngabantu asebethathe umhlalaphansi noma abanye abatshalizimali abafuna umthombo wemali engenayo evamile enengozi encane.

✔️ Izimali zokulingana zaseCanada

Lezi zimali zokulingana zitshalwe ezitokisini ezinezinhlobonhlobo zezinkampani zaseCanada. Umtshali-zimali ngamunye othola iyunithi yezimali ze-equity yase-Canadian uba umnikazi oqondile wesibambiso ngasinye kuphothifoliyo yesikhwama.

Ukutshala imali ezinkampanini, ezinye izikhwama ze-equity zaseCanada zisebenzisa imali yazo yemakethe, ehlobene nenani lemakethe lawo wonke amasheya asele.

Ngokuvamile, i-Canadian equity inika imali osonhlamvukazi iphansi ibekwe ezinkampanini ngakho-ke ubukhulu buncane kakhulu noma bukhethekile kakhulu, kuyilapho izimali zezabelo ezinemali enkulu zifakwa ezinkampanini ezinkulu.

Izinjongo zalokhu ngakunye ziyahlukahluka ukusuka kwesinye isikhwama sokulingana sase-Canadian kuya kwesinye.

• Isikhwama sokukhula esiguqukayo. Lapha, izimali zifakwa ezinkampanini ezibonakala ngokukhula okukhethekile. Sine, isibonelo, izinkampani ezincane ezitholakala ekunikeleni kwazo esidlangalaleni.
• Izimali zokukhula. Lezi zimali zona zitshalwa ezinkampanini ezaziwa ngokukhula kwazo okuqinile kanye namandla azo okuzuza imali kanye nokwazisa.
• Izimali ezingenayo kanye nokukhula. Lezi yizimali ezibekwe ezinkampanini ezahlukahlukene ezinikeza umbono wokukhula onesizotha ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lenzuzo. Sine, isibonelo, izinsiza zomphakathi.

Lapho kukhona ukukhuphuka nokuwa phakathi imakethe yamasheya, lokhu kudlulela ezikhwameni ze-equity.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amasheya ngokwesiko aye asebenza ngaphezu kwezinye izibambiso, asinaso isiqiniseko sokuthi lo mkhuba uzoqhubeka esikhathini esifushane. Isizathu sokuthi kungani, namuhla, amasheya aseCanada afakwe ohlwini njengengxenye ye isu lesikhathi eside lokutshala imali.

✔️ Izimali ze-Equity emhlabeni jikelele

Uma ukuhlukahluka kuyingxenye ye izinhloso ze-mutual funds, akuyona indlela elula yokutshala izimali ezimpahleni ezisabalele emhlabeni jikelele? Ngoba kunengqondo ethatha indawo yokuqala kunezimali zesenzo somhlaba wonke. Lezi zimali zitshalwa kuphela kumasheya angaphandle, kodwa zingabamba izibambiso ezithile zaseCanada.

Ngokucabangela iqiniso lokuthi lezi zimali ziguquguquka, futhi zinezinzuzo eziyingozi uma kuqhathaniswa nezimali zaseCanada, yonke into lapha incike ekuguquguqukeni kwamazinga okushintshanisa, izimo zomhlaba kanye nezinye izici zezomnotho nezepolitiki.

Ungakwazi ukutshala izimali ze-equity global ezinkulu, ezimaphakathi noma ezincane, ngisho nasezimbonini eziqondile kakhulu. Sinezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene okufanele zihlukaniswe. Empeleni, isikhwama somhlaba wonke kufanele sifakwe kwinhlanganisela yezibambiso zaseCanada nezangaphandle.

Isikhwama esizibiza ngesamazwe ngamazwe kumele sibe nezibambiso zangaphandle kuphela. Isikhwama sesifunda sigxile engxenyeni ethile yemakethe. Izimali ezithi asathuthuka zibeka phambili amazwe asathuthukayo kanye nezibambiso ezisohlwini lwezabelo zamasheya kulawa mazwe.

🌿 Ungatshala kanjani imali ku-Mutual Fund?

Uma utshala ku-mutual fund, uhlanganisa imali yakho neyabanye abatshalizimali, ababizwa ngama-unitholders, ukuze uthole izibambiso ezihlukahlukene ezifana namasheya, amabhondi noma amathuluzi emakethe yemali.

Ngokubuyisela, uthola inani lamasheya ngokulingana notshalomali lwakho. Ungakwazi ukuvula i-akhawunti nge I-FlexiFunds inthanethi noma ngocingo.

Lesi sixazululo sokulondoloza sinikeza isevisi ethengekayo kubatshalizimali, ngaphezu kokubanikeza ukufinyelela emikhiqizweni yokutshalwa kwezimali enokugxila okuqinile kwe-Quebec, okusekela umnotho wendawo, kanye nezinkokhelo zayo zokuphatha eziphakathi kweziphansi kakhulu emakethe. Ngaphambi kokutshala imali yakho, isinyathelo sokuqala uku ukukwazi kangcono uma kuziwa ekutshaleni imali ngokuchaza iphrofayela yakho yomtshali-zimali.

Lokhu kusiza ukusungula ukubekezelela kwakho ubungozi, okuzobonakala ekubunjweni kwezimali ezihlangene otshala kuzo. Ukuze uziqonde kangcono njengomtshali-zimali, uzodinga ukunquma umkhathizwe wokutshalwa kwezimali kwakho kanye nenjongo.

Ngeke utshale imali ngendlela efanayo uma wongela ukuthenga umuzi kungakapheli iminyaka emithathu sengathi wenzela ukuthatha umhlalaphansi, ubala. kuthatha iminyaka engu-20.

Isimo sakho sezezimali naso sinesisindo esilinganisweni. Ingabe unayo i-cushion yezezimali uma kwenzeka ukushaya kanzima? Ingabe iholo lakho lizinzile?

Okokugcina, ukubekezelela kwakho ubungozi kuzonqunywa ikhono lakho lokwamukela ukuhluka njengembuyiselo, futhi mhlawumbe nokwehla kwenani lemali oyitshalile.

🌿 Ukuvala

I-athikili yethu ibikhuluma ngezimali ezihlanganyelwe futhi singasho ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuthi wonke umtshali-zimali aqalise kulo mkhathi uma kubhekwa ukuhlukahluka kwawo nezinye izinzuzo eziningi.

Sethule kuwena ngezimali ezihlanganyelwe ezikhona, manje kukuwe ukuthi ukhethe ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho ukuze ube phakathi kwabaholi futhi uzuze enkululekweni ekunikeza yona.

🌿 Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

✔️ Iliphi izinga lobungozi?

Uma une-mutual fund, ungakwazi lahlekelwa futhi uqaphele izinzuzo. Izinga lobungozi liyahlukahluka kuye ngokubekezelela kwakho ubungozi.

Uma ukusebenza kwesikhwama kushintsha kakhulu unyaka nonyaka, sithathwa njengesikhwama esiyingozi, njengoba ukusebenza kwaso kungehla futhi kukhuphuke ngokushesha.

✔️ Iyini inhloso yalesi sikhwama?

Kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi izinhloso zakho ziyefana nalezo zesikhwama. Ngoba yenza imali engenayo evamile, ekunika ithuba lokuzikhethela phakathi nesikhathi sokutshala izimali, futhi ukuhlanganisa nokutshalwa kwezimali kwakho okuhlukahlukene.

Siqedile. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, sicela wabelane nabangani bakho kanye nojwayelene nabo ukuze nabo bazuze kukho.