Kusebenza Kanjani Ukufunda Ngomshini?

Kule nkathi, ukufunda ngomshini kubalulekile. Lukufunda ngomshini kusiza ekulawuleni ukusebenza kwebhizinisi nokuqonda ukuziphatha kwamakhasimende. Kuyasiza futhi ekuthuthukisweni kwemikhiqizo emisha. Ukufunda ngomshini (ML) kungenye yobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bobuhlakani bokwenziwa.

Kuqukethe ukuqeqesha i-algorithm ukubona amaphethini aphindaphindayo ngaphakathi kwesisekelo sokufunda. Lokhu kuqeqeshwa kubangela imodeli yekhompuyutha eklanyelwe ukwenza izibikezelo (ukubona umsindo, isithombe, njll.) noma ukwenza imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo (phendula umbuzo, ukushayela imoto ngokuzenzakalelayo, njll.).

Zonke izinkampani ezinkulu ziphendukela ekufundeni ngomshini. Izinkampani ezifana ne-Amazon, i-Facebook, ne-Google zenza ukufunda ngomshini kube yinto ehamba phambili. Ake sibone ukuthi ukufunda ngomshini kusebenza kanjani.

C’est quoi le machine Learning ?

Ziningi izincazelo, kodwa ngizokunikeza zona ngamagama alula. Ukufunda ngomshini kuwuhlobo lobuhlakani bokwenziwa. I-Artificial Intelligence ifundisa amakhompyutha ukufunda kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini, njengomuntu.

Ngale nqubo, ikhompuyutha ingazithuthukisa ngokuhlonza amaphethini ayo kanye nokuhlola idatha. Kodwa-ke, kudinga ukubandakanyeka okuncane komuntu ekubhaleni amakhodi okuthile.

Kwakunezilingo eziningi kakhulu ezigabeni zokuqala. Kube nemibono embalwa mayelana nedatha nokufunda nokuthi ikhompuyutha ikubona kanjani konke.

Kodwa emhlabeni wanamuhla, ukufunda ngomshini kuya kuba nzima nakakhulu. Kodwa futhi udinga ukwazi lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho okuyisisekelo.

Cukufunda ngomshini kusebenza kanjani?

Ukufunda ngomshini sekunesikhathi eside kukhona. Kodwa-ke, i-algorithm iya iba nzima kakhulu usuku nosuku. Ukuthuthukiswa kwakamuva ukusebenzisa le datha ngokushesha nangempumelelo.

Izicelo zinzima. Umuntu oneziqu ongenza zonke lezi zinto ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi uyisinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambi kwabanye abahleli bohlelo. Izinkampani ezinkulu zidinga laba bahleli bohlelo ukuze bahlale ngaphambi kwezimbangi zabo.

Awukho umsebenzi ongeke wafezwa ngokufunda komshini. Ngosizo lokufunda ngomshini, amaphethini aqondile angasungulwa. Futhi ngokuzayo, izosebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokusebenzelana okuncane.

Ngemuva kokufika kokufundwa kwemishini, izinkampani ziguqula izinqubo zazo, ebeziphethwe abantu ngaphambilini. Kunezibonelo ezimbalwa.

• Hlanganyela izingcingo zamakhasimende
• Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Curriculum vitae
• Ukuqashelwa kwesithombe
• Ukuqashelwa kwenkulumo
• Ukuxilongwa kwezokwelapha
• I-Arbitrage yezibalo
• Ukuhlaziya okuqagelayo
• Isizinda.

Ukufunda ngomshini kusebenzisa amasu amabili

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa ukufunda ngomshini. Yilaba abalandelayo.

Ukufunda okugadiwe-

Kule nqubo, i-AI iqoqa idatha yangaphambilini. Kuyasiza futhi ukuqoqa nokukhiqiza okukhiphayo kokuphakelwa komshini wokufunda. Kalula nje, ukufunda okugadiwe yindlela thina bantu esifunda ngayo izinto.

Senza into engalungile bese senza okufanele ngemuva kokuyifunda nokuyihlaziya. Kuyafana nendlela ikhompuyutha efunda ngayo izinto ezahlukene.

Thina bantu sihlinzeka ngemininingwane ehlukahlukene kumakhompyutha. Yilokho esikubiza ngakho l’ensemble d’entraînement.

Ukufunda okungagadiwe -

Le nqubo isiza ukuthola amaphethini edatha angaziwa, bese isiza ukuthola amaphutha. I-algorithm ngokuvamile izama ukuqonda isakhiwo esingokwemvelo ngezibonelo ezingalebuli. Kunemisebenzi emibili ehlukene ekufundeni komshini okungagadiwe.

Ukuhlanganisa

Kulokhu kufunda, abantu baqale bazame ukuqoqa amaphuzu edatha. Bese uwaguqule abe amaqoqo. Futhi ekugcineni, izama ukuwenza afane kodwa ahluke kwamanye amaqoqo. Iwusizo ekuhlukaniseni imakethe.

Ukunciphisa usayizi

Le modeli iphumelela kakhulu ekuqeqesheni. Le ndlela yokwenza ivumela izici ezifanayo ukuthi ziqoqwe ndawonye ukuze uthole ulwazi olungcono nokutolika.

Ukusebenzisa umshini wokufunda

Kunezicelo eziyinkulungwane zokufunda komshini kulezi zinsuku. Kusukela ekufakweni kwedatha kuya ekuhlolweni kwengozi okuyinkimbinkimbi, ukufunda ngomshini kwenza konke. Umhlaba uphokophele ezintweni ezizenzakalelayo. Isibonelo, siyabathanda abashayeli bezindiza ezimotweni.

Miningi kakhulu imisebenzi yamakhasimende kanye nenkonzo yamakhasimende ukuthi umshini

Ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi kusiza ukuphatha nokwenza indlela enhle yomsebenzi.

Ukuqashelwa kwezwi okuvela ku-Google ne-Amazon nakho kuwuhlelo lokufunda ngomshini. Kunenani elikhulu lezinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphakathi ezivumela inhlangano ukuthi ithuthukise izinqubo zayo, okusiza futhi ekunciphiseni umsebenzi owenziwa ngesandla.

Enye yezinto eziwusizo kakhulu ukufunda komshini okwenziwayo ukuthola amaphutha. Ngezinye izikhathi lapho ubheka amaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi noma ukuhlaziya, iso lomuntu alikwazi ukubona amaphutha, kodwa ikhompuyutha ingawabona.

Ukufunda ngomshini kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlinzeka ngekhwalithi ephelele yesevisi, izinsizakalo ezisebenza kahle nemikhiqizo emisha. Kukhulula izisebenzi ezingabantu ukuba zenze lokhu. Lobu buchwepheshe buwukucubungula ulimi lwemvelo, ukufunda okujulile, ukubona ngekhompyutha nokufunda ngomshini.

Umuntu angaba muhle ekuhleleni amaspredishithi noma ekukhombeni amaphethini. Kodwa ayikwazi ukuhlaziya nokuhlola amasethi amakhulu wedatha.

I-algorithm ye-AI ingakwazi ukubona futhi ihlole idatha enkulu futhi iyihlaziye ngokushesha. Ngaphandle kokufunda ngomshini, akunakwenzeka.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokufunda komshini kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa?

I-Artificial intelligence ihlose ukulingisa ingqondo yomuntu. Ukusuka lapho, ukufunda ngomshini kungenye yamathuluzi okufeza lo mgomo.

Ivumela umshini ukuthi udle izibonelo ngokwezinjongo okufanele zifinyelelwe, isibonelo izithombe noma amavidiyo ukubona indawo yokuwela abahamba ngezinyawo uma kuyimoto ezihambelayo.

Kodwa le nqubo inemingcele yayo. Ayikuvumeli ukucabanga okuyinkimbinkimbi ukuthi kwenziwe. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuyihlanganisa nezinye izindlela ukuze uye ku-AI efanele igama.

Ngokuqinisekile anamandla kakhulu mayelana nokufunda, amanethiwekhi e-neural awawona aphelelisi athembekile futhi kwezinye izimo angaholela emiphumeleni echemile noma engenangqondo (isibonelo : imoto ezishayelayo ezulazula ngendlela engafanele).

Ngakho-ke intshisekelo yokuhlanganisa ukufunda okujulile nezinye izindlela, i-AI engokomfanekiso ngokwesibonelo esekelwe emithethweni yebhizinisi echazwe ngaphambilini, ikhodi yomgwaqo onguthelawayeka esibonelweni sethu, ezofakwa kunethiwekhi ukuze icwengisise ukucabanga kwayo.

Ulimi oluhle kakhulu lokufunda ngomshini

Izilimi zokuhlela ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokufunda komshini yiPython kanye ne-R. Ososayensi bedatha bajwayelene nalezi zilimi ezimbili. Kodwa zikhona nezinye izilimi zokufunda ngomshini.

Amaphrojekthi ahlukene adinga izilimi ezahlukene. Amathuluzi e-AI ayimitapo yolwazi yesofthiwe yokwenza imisebenzi. Ngokusho kwe-GitHub, ulimi oluhle kakhulu lokuhlela lokufunda ngomshini yiPython.

I-Python ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlaziywa kwedatha kanye nezimayini. Iphinde ikuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise amamodeli okufunda omshini ahlukene nama-algorithms. I-Python ivumela ukuhlanganisa, ukuhlukaniswa, ukuhlehla, nokunciphisa ubukhulu. Umphakathi I-Python ibalulekile, futhi ukhona kulula ukufunda I-Python.

Ekuphethweni

Ukufunda ngomshini kubalulekile ngoba kunikeza izinkampani ukuqonda mayelana nezitayela zokuziphatha kwamakhasimende namamodeli okusebenza kwebhizinisi, kuyilapho kusekela ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo omusha.

Izinkampani eziningi ezihamba phambili zanamuhla, ezifana ne-Facebook, Google, kanye ne-Uber, zenza ukufunda ngomshini kube into ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwazo. Ukufunda ngomshini sekuphenduke umehluko obalulekile wokuncintisana ezinkampanini eziningi.

Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngokufunda komshini. Qala ukufunda iPython, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uzoba uchwepheshe. Zizwe ukhululekile ukuphawula uma kukhona ongakuqondi.