Lawula izindleko zephrojekthi ukuze uthole inzuzo enkulu

Ukulawulwa kwezindleko kudlala indima ebalulekile kunoma yiliphi isu lezezimali. Uhlala kanjani kubhajethi uma ulandelela izimali zephrojekthi yakho? Njengokwenza ibhajethi yomuntu siqu, izinketho ezimbalwa ziyatholakala kuwe: hlukanisa izindleko, thola izinto ezibiza kakhulu futhi uthole izixazululo zokukhawulela izindleko endaweni ngayinye. Ngemva kokuqeda zonke lezi zenzo, uzokwazi ukulawula isabelomali, ukuhlaziya inzuzo yakho futhi andise inzuzo.

Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokulawula izindleko ziyefana kuzo zonke izabelomali, kungaba ezebhizinisi noma ezomuntu siqu. Kulesi sihloko, Finance de Demain Consulting Ichaza umqondo wokulawulwa kwezindleko nokuthi ungena kanjani ohlelweni olukhulu lokuphatha izindleko.

Kuyini ukulawula izindleko?

Ukulawulwa kwezindleko kuwumgomo wokuhlonza nokunciphisa izindleko ezihloselwe ukukhulisa inzuzo yenkampani. Ingenziwa ezingeni lephrojekthi noma kulo lonke izinga lenkampani.

Kulokhu, sizogxila ekusebenziseni inqubo yokulawula izindleko ngaphakathi kohlaka lwephrojekthi noma iqembu lamaphrojekthi.

Njengomphathi wephrojekthi, ukulawulwa kwezindleko kuzokusiza ukuthi uqaphe uhlelo lwakho lokuphatha insiza futhi usabele ekudluleleni kwesabelomali.

Uma udlula isabelomali sephrojekthi yakho, ithuluzi lokubika lingaba usizo. Ake sithi umklami ozisebenzelayo omqashele iphrojekthi entsha uthathe isikhathi eside kunokulindelekile ukuhlela izithombe.

Ngemva kokuhlonza lezi zindleko ezengeziwe, ungase unqume ukuqasha umklami wangaphakathi wephrojekthi yakho elandelayo ukuze wehlise izindleko futhi uthole ukusebenza kahle.

Ukulawula izindleko kungenza umehluko kanjani?

Ingabe ithimba lakho liyehluleka ukuhlangabezana nobubanzi bephrojekthi noma isabelomali? Yilapho ukulawulwa kwezindleko kubaluleka khona. Noma ngabe usebhajethi, ukulawula izindleko kungakusiza ukuthi unciphise futhi ukhulise imali engenayo lapho usendleleni.

Le nqubo ihlinzeka ngemininingwane mayelana nokuchithwa kwenkampani kukonke: igqamisa izindawo ezibiza kakhulu futhi iphinde iveze imali echithwayo endaweni ngayinye kulezi.

Njengesinyathelo sokuqala, ukulawulwa kwezindleko kungasetshenziswa kuphrojekthi ngenhloso yokunciphisa izindleko ngalesi sikali futhi ngaleyo ndlela kube namandla okwandisa inzuzo yenkampani.

Yiziphi izindlela zokulawula izindleko?

Ekuqaleni, ukulawulwa kwezindleko kungase kwenzeke emazingeni aphezulu ebhizinisi, kodwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezingeni lephrojekthi. Kuleli zinga lapho ungakwazi ukuhlola izindleko zangempela ngephrojekthi ngayinye futhi uzilawule ngempumelelo.

Nazi izinyathelo ezinhlanu okufanele uzilandele ukuze ulawule kangcono izindleko zephrojekthi:

1. Hlela ibhajethi yakho

Okokuqala, udinga ukuhlela isabelomali sakho ukuze uthole isilinganiso sezindleko esinemininingwane futhi wabele izinsiza ngempumelelo. Ukwakha uhlelo olunemininingwane yephrojekthi kuzonciphisa ukuhluka kwezindleko, okuwumehluko phakathi kwesabelomali sakho sokuqala kanye nezindleko zangempela.

Faka kuhlelo lwakho lwebhajethi:

• Inombolo yamalungu eqembu adingekayo kuphrojekthi
• Isilinganiso sesikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kuqedwe iphrojekthi
• Izinto ezidingekayo kulo msebenzi

Lapho ubala isikhathi nezinto ezidingekayo kuphrojekthi, gcina kancane kubhajethi yakho. Okungalindelekile akuvamile futhi ungase udinge ukunweba umugqa wesikhathi wephrojekthi noma ucele izinsiza ezengeziwe.

2. Bheka zonke izindleko

Isinyathelo sesibili sokulawula izindleko zephrojekthi ukuqapha ukuqhubeka kwezindleko zephrojekthi. Uzokwazi ukuthatha isinyathelo sokulungisa kalula uma ubona ukwehluka kwezindleko ngesikhathi sangempela.

Ekupheleni kwephrojekthi, kuzobe sekwephuze kakhulu, imali izosetshenziswa. Kuleli qophelo, okumele ukwenze ukufunda kukho ukuze uvimbele lesi simo ukuthi singaphinde senzeke esikhathini esizayo.

Ukuze uqaphe ngempumelelo izindleko zakho phakathi nephrojekthi, setha ingqophamlando yephrojekthi. Esigabeni ngasinye esiyingqopha-mlando, ungahlaziya izindleko zakho futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ububanzi bephrojekthi bayahlonishwa. Futhi uma uke waqaphela ukweqa kwezindleko ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe, ungathola isixazululo sokukunciphisa kamuva kuphrojekthi.

3. Sebenzisa amasistimu okulawula ushintsho

Kubalulekile ukubeka izinjongo ezicacile phakathi nesigaba sokuhlela somsebenzi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ufinyelela lezi zinhloso, inqubo yokulawula ushintsho ingadingeka.

Ukulawulwa koshintsho kuyisethi yezinyathelo ezilawula zonke izinguquko ezenziwa ababambiqhaza ngesikhathi sephrojekthi. Ikuvumela ukuthi uvimbele ukukhukhuleka kwezinjongo ngokukulungiselela izinguquko ngokushesha nje lapho zivela, futhi ngaleyo ndlela uguqule iphrojekthi ngokufanele.

4. Izigaba zenqubo yokulawula

ukuqala

Inqubo yokulawula ushintsho iqala lapho ababambiqhaza becela ushintsho kuphrojekthi. Isicelo singahluka: kungaba ukunwetshwa kweminqamulajuqu noma okulethwa amaphrojekthi amasha.

Ukuhlola

Umphathi wephrojekthi noma inhloko yomnyango iskena isicelo solwazi oluyisisekelo, njengezinsiza ezidingekayo, umthelela wesicelo, kanye nabamukeli besicelo. Ngemva kokuhlola kokuqala, isicelo soshintsho sidlulela esigabeni sokuhlaziya.

Ukuhlaziya

Phakathi nesigaba sokuhlaziya, umphathi wephrojekthi ofanele uyasivuma noma uyasichitha isicelo. Kwezinye izimo, ikomidi lokulawula ushintsho lingase limiswe ukuze lilawule ukugunyazwa kwezinguquko. Umphathi wephrojekthi uyasivumela noma uyasiphika isicelo, futhi wazisa ithimba.

Ngokuya ngosayizi wephrojekthi, umphathi wephrojekthi angase futhi afake ushintsho kulogi yoshintsho ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi bonke ababambiqhaza bephrojekthi bathola ulwazi.

Ukuqaliswa

Ukwenza ushintsho kungahluka kuye ngesiteji sephrojekthi, kodwa ngokuvamile kuhilela ukubuyekeza umugqa wesikhathi nezinto ezilethwayo, kanye nokwazisa ithimba lephrojekthi.

Kufanele uhlole ububanzi bephrojekthi futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukushintsha umugqa wesikhathi ngeke kube nomthelela omkhulu ezinhlosweni ezihleliwe.

Uthango

Ngemva kokubhalisa, ukusabalalisa nokusebenzisa isicelo, ungadlulela esigabeni sokuvala. Kunconywa ukuthi ube nohlelo lokuvala olusemthethweni ukuze wonke amalungu eqembu akwazi ukufinyelela futhi abheke lolu lwazi esikhathini esizayo.

Ngokubuyekeza ngempumelelo izinguquko kumaphrojekthi akho, ukulawulwa kwezindleko kufanele kuzenzekele.

Ukubikezela ngokunembile isabelomali kanye nempumelelo yephrojekthi kuhlanganisa nokugcina ukuphathwa ngobuqotho kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni. Izehlakalo ezingalindelekile ezenzeka endleleni azinakugwenywa, kodwa ukusungulwa kwezinhlelo ezithile kusiza ukuqapha lokhu kuchezuka.

4. Phatha isikhathi sakho

Ukuphathwa kwesikhathi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokulawulwa kwezindleko: lapho isikhathi esiphelele sephrojekthi sikhuphuka, izindleko eziphelele zephrojekthi nazo ziyakhuphuka. Ukuze ungeqi isabelomali esibekiwe, kufanele ngaphezu kwakho konke uhloniphe uhlelo lwephrojekthi.

Sebenzisa amasu okuphatha isikhathi ukuze ukhuphule umkhiqizo futhi usize amalungu eqembu ukuthi aqedele umsebenzi ngesikhathi ngaphakathi kwesabelomali.

Nawa amathiphu okuphatha isikhathi:

I-Timeboxing

I-Timeboxing isu lokuphatha isikhathi eligxile emgomweni elibandakanya ukuqedela imisebenzi ngaphakathi " block of time ".

Isibonelo, uma udinga ukubhala iposi lebhulogi, ungakha ibhulokhi yamahora amabili ukuyichaza. Khona-ke, ngemva kwekhefu, ungabuyela kwelinye ibhulokhi lamahora amathathu ukuze wenze okusalungiswa kokuqala.

Ukuvinjwa kwesikhathi

Ukuvinjwa kwesikhathi kufana nebhokisi lesikhathi, kodwa esikhundleni sokusetha inani elithile lesikhathi somsebenzi ngamunye, uzovimba izikhathi ezithile zekhalenda lakho ukuze wenze umsebenzi ohlobene.

Indlela ye-Pomodoro

Njengokwenza isibhakela sesikhathi nokuvimbela isikhathi, indlela ye-Pomodoro ikusiza ukuthi uqedele imisebenzi yakho ngesikhathi esifushane futhi uthathe ikhefu phakathi kwamaseshini omsebenzi.

Isibonelo, sebenza imizuzu engu-25, bese uthatha ikhefu lemizuzu emihlanu izikhathi ezine. Khona-ke, ngemva kweseshini yesine yomsebenzi, thatha ikhefu elide ukusuka Imizuzu engama-20 noma engama-30s.

gwinya isele

SNgokwengcaphuno edumile evela kuMark Twain: "Uma kufanele ugwinye iselele, kungcono ukwenze into yokuqala ekuseni." Isu lokuphatha isikhathi elithi “dla ixoxo” liphefumulelwe yila mazwi futhi likukhuthaza ukuba unakekele imisebenzi ebalulekile noma eyinkimbinkimbi kuqala ngaphambi kokusebenza kwezingabalulekile kangako noma ezingaphuthumi kangako.

Isimiso sePareto

Isabizwa nge 80-20 umthetho Lesi simiso sisekelwe emthethweni oyisisekelo: sinikela ngamaphesenti angu-20 esikhathi sethu ekufezeni u-80% womsebenzi. Ngokuqondile, ukukwazi ukucubungula le 80% yemisebenzi ngokushesha ngokwanele ngakho-ke kusishiya isikhathi esengeziwe phakathi nosuku lwethu lokusebenza ukuze sinakekele ama-20% asele azosithatha ama-80% wesikhathi.

Ukwenza izinto (GTD)

Kuqanjwe ngu UDavid Allen ekuqaleni kwawo-2000, indlela " Sokwenza izinto » noma “Ukwenza izinto” ngesiFulentshi, incoma ukwenza uhlu lwemisebenzi ehleliwe ngokubhala kusengaphambili. Uma usukhululekile kulokhu okucatshangelwayo, kunokuthembela kumathuluzi okuphatha umsebenzi, uzokwazi ukuthatha isinyathelo ngaphandle kokuthola ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze.

Kungase kubonakale kungenangqondo ukugxila ekukhiqizeni njengengxenye yokulawula izindleko, kodwa ukusebenza kwephrojekthi kuyisisekelo sokugeleza kwemali.

Uma ithimba lakho lingakhiqizi, ngeke uhlangabezane neminqamulajuqu yephrojekthi, futhi ukwehluleka ukuhlangabezana nezinsuku zokugcina kudala izindleko ezengeziwe. Ngokunengqondo, uma iphrojekthi yakho ibiza ngaphezulu, ukuhamba kwemali kwenkampani yakho kuyehla. 

5. Landelela Inani Elizuziwe

Ukulandelela inani olizuzile kungakusiza ukuthi ubikezele umphumela wezezimali wephrojekthi. Le ndlela yokulawula izindleko idinga ulwazi lokubalwa kwezindleko. Ingakusiza ukuthi uthole ukuqala kwezindleko eziguquguqukayo futhi ngenxa yalokho uvimbele ukuhlukahluka kumaphrojekthi wesikhathi esizayo.

Inani elitholiwe inani lemisebenzi eqedwe ngempela ngaphakathi kwephrojekthi. Ukuze ulandelele inani elizuziwe futhi ubone ukuthi ukushejuli yini, udinga ukuphindaphinda iphesenti lemisebenzi eqedwe isabelomali sephrojekthi.

Izinyathelo Zokulandelela Ivelu Ezuziwe

Ukuze ulandelele inani elizuziwe, landela lezi zinyathelo:

Isinyathelo 1: nquma izinga lokuqedwa komsebenzi ngamunye njengephesenti.

Isinyathelo 2: setha inani elihleliwe (Inani elihleliwe noma i-PV) noma izindleko ezibekelwe isabelomali somsebenzi ohleliwe. Lesi isabelomali esigunyazwe ukufeza umsebenzi ohleliwe.

Isinyathelo 3: nquma inani elitholiwe (Ei-arned Value noma i-EV), noma izindleko ezihleliwe zomsebenzi owenziwe. Leli inani lomsebenzi oqediwe ngempela.

Isinyathelo 4: thola izindleko zangempela (Izindleko Zangempela noma i-AC), elimelela izindleko zangempela zomsebenzi owenziwe. Lezi yizindleko eziphathelene nomsebenzi osewenziwe kakade.

Isinyathelo 5: bala ukuhluka kwezindleko (Ukwehluka Kwezindleko noma i-CV) ngokukhipha inani elizuziwe ezindlekweni zangempela (CV = EV – AC).

Isinyathelo 6: hlanganisa imiphumela.

Ezinyathelweni ezintathu zokuqala, udinga ukuqoqa imininingwane yezindleko zephrojekthi yakho, kuyilapho kwezintathu zokugcina, udinga ukwenza izibalo nokuhlaziya. Ukwehluka kwezindleko kumele isimo sezindleko zephrojekthi yakho.

Uma ulawula izindleko, i-CV yakho iyimethrikhi enquma ukuthi iphrojekthi yakho ihambisana yini nesabelomali. A I-CV engeyinhle kusho ukuthi iphrojekthi isiphelile isabelomali.

Ingabe kufanele ulawule izindleko noma uphathe izindleko?

Kuvamile ukudida ukulawulwa kwezindleko nokuphathwa kwezindleko. Lawa amagama amabili ahlukene adinga ukuchazwa futhi aqondwe ngendlela efanele. Ukulawulwa kwezindleko kuyinqubo engaphansi kohlelo olukhulu lokuphathwa kwezindleko.

Nakuba ukulawulwa kwezindleko kumayelana nokuhlonza izindleko nokuzinciphisa ukuze kwandiswe inzuzo, ukuphathwa kwezindleko kuyinqubo iyonke yokulinganisa, ukwenza isabelomali, nokulawula izindleko zephrojekthi.

Inkampani yakho cishe inezisebenzi eziningi ezihilelekile ekulawuleni izindleko. Ngokuya ngosayizi weqembu lakho, abantu abahlukene bangasebenza ekuhleleni izinsiza nasekubhajetheni.

Ukulawula izindleko ngempumelelo, amathimba adinga ukuqapha ukusetshenziswa kwemali emazingeni ahlukene ebhizinisi ukuze anake ngokwanele ingxenye ngayinye yesabelomali sebhizinisi futhi asihlaziye kahle.

Sebenzisa ukulawula izindleko ukuze ulandelele futhi wehlise izindleko zephrojekthi yakho

Ukulandelela idatha yezindleko zokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwephrojekthi kuyinqubo eyisicefe, kodwa ukuphathwa kwezindleko kunomthelela oqondile enzuzweni.

Ukuze uphathe izindleko ngempumelelo, dala ideshibhodi engenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo ukuze ube nalo lonke ulwazi ezandleni zakho. Lokhu okuzenzakalelayo kuzokuvumela ukuthi uhlangane phakathi kokuphathwa kwephrojekthi nokulawulwa kwezindleko, konke endaweni eyodwa.

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