Ukutshala imali emakethe yamasheya njengomSulumane

Ungatshala kanjani imali emakethe yamasheya njengomSulumane? Faka imali ezimakethe zamasheya iheha abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe abakhangwa ithuba lokukhiqiza imali eyengeziwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Nokho, amaSulumane amaningi ayanqikaza ukucwila, esaba lokho lo mkhuba awuhambisani nokholo lwabo. I-Islam ilawula ngokuqinile ukuthengiselana kwezezimali, ivimbela izindlela eziningi ezivamile zezimakethe zanamuhla.

Kodwa-ke, uma uhlolisisa, ukutshala izimali ezimakethe zamasheya akuhambisani ngokuyisisekelo ngezimiso zezezimali zamaSulumane.

Ngokukhetha ukutshalwa kwezimali okwanele, ukugwema izingibe ezithile, nokuhlonipha imithetho embalwa ebalulekile, amaSulumane angatshala ngokuphelele ezimakethe zamasheya kuyilapho ehlala ethembekile ezimisweni zawo zenkolo.

Asambe !!

Izisekelo zokutshala imali emakethe yamasheya 📈

Ukutshala imali ezimakethe zamasheya thenga impahla njengezitoko, amabhondi noma ezinye izimpahla zezezimali ngaphakathi inhloso yokukhiqiza inzuzo yesikhathi eside.

Ngokuba namasheya enkampanini, uba umnikazi wamasheya futhi unelungelo lengxenye yenzuzo ngendlela yezabelo. Ubheja futhi ngokwanda kwe inani lokuthengisa kabusha lesheya. Kulula kanjalo.

Les izimakethe zamasheya ezinkulu njengoba I-NASDAQ noma i-CAC 40 ikuvumela ukuthi utshale imali kumakhulu ezinkampani ezisohlwini. Kungenzeka ukuthenga amasheya ngokuqondile noma nge-mutual funds.

Imithetho yezezimali yamaSulumane 🕋

Ukutshala imali emakethe yamasheya njengeMuslim kusho ukuhlonipha umthetho weSharia. Eqinisweni, ezezimali zamaSulumane zisekelwe izimiso Sharia. Umtshali-zimali ongumSulumane kumele ahloniphe ngokufanelekile le mithetho ekukhetheni ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakhe. Eminye imikhuba evamile emalini evamile ayivunyelwe:

✔️ I-riba ❌

I-riba i omunye wemithetho evimbelayo eyisisekelo kwezezimali zamaSulumane. Ngokwemibhalo engcwele yeKoran, noma iyiphi inzalo noma inzalo yenqatshelwe ngokuphelele kumaMuslim.

Itemu elithi riba lisho noma iyiphi imali engenayo, inzuzo noma irenti etholwe emalini ebolekiwe, njengembuyiselo yesikhathi esidlulile. Ngokuqondile, lokhu kuhlanganisa inzalo etholwe ku-akhawunti yokonga, inzalo ekhokhwa emalini ebolekiwe yasebhange, kodwa futhi nenzalo ehlanganisiwe ekhuphuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Amabhondi avamile, akhokha amakhuphoni enzalo engaguquki, ngaleyo ndlela anqatshelwe kumSulumane oqhuba izifundo zakhe. Amabhondi e-Islamic athobela i-Sharia kuphela (sukuk) avunyelwe, njengoba engayikhokhi inzalo engekho emthethweni.

Ngokufanayo, akuvunyelwe ukutshala izimali ezikhungweni zezimali ezijwayelekile ukuboleka imali ngenzalo. Amabhange, izinkampani zomshwalense kanye nama-credit bureaus kufanele kugwenywe.

✔️ I-gharar ❌

Uma ufuna ukutshala imali emakethe yamasheya, kuzodingeka ugweme i-gharar. I-gharar iyaqoka ukungaqiniseki ngokweqile nokungahleliwe ekuhwebeni kwezezimali. Kwezezimali zamaSulumane, i-gharar ayivunyelwe ngoba yethula ukungabi nabulungisa nokuqagela.

Ngokuqondile, i-gharar ihlanganisa imibono ehlukene:

• I-asymmetry yolwazi phakathi kwamaqembu enkontileka
• Ukungaqondakali kwemibandela yenkontileka
• Ukungaqiniseki ngobukhona besihloko senkontileka
• Ukuqagela okuyingozi nokungenangqondo

Ukuze uhambisane nokuvinjelwa kwe-gharar, izinkontileka zezimali zamaSulumane kufanele kube obala ngokuphelele, eqondakala yibo bonke abathintekayo, futhi ihlobene nezimpahla zangempela nezikhonjiwe.

Mayelana nokutshalwa kwezimali ezimakethe zamasheya, umqondo we-gharar ngakho-ke ukhuthaza tshala ngendlela efanele ukugwema ukuthatha ingozi ngokweqile. Iphinde ikhuthaze abantu ukuthi bancamele umnotho wangempela kunokuqagela ngezimali.

✔️ Ukutshalwa kwezimali okungekho emthethweni ❌

Kuzodingeka futhi ucabange ngezimpahla ezibambekayo uma ufuna ukutshala imali emakethe yamasheya. Izimali zamaSulumane zivimbela ngokusemthethweni ukutshalwa kwezimali emikhakheni ethile yomsebenzi kuthathwa njengokwephula umthetho nokungahambisani nezimiso zokuziphatha.

Imithombo engokomBhalo izenqabela ngokucacile izici ezihlobene notshwala, ukugembula, izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, noma ngisho nomsebenzi wezezimali ocatshangelwayo.

Ngokuqondile, kunjalo kwenqatshelwe kumaMuslim ukutshala imali ezinkampanini ezihlobene nokukhiqizwa noma ukusatshalaliswa kophuzo oludakayo. Abakhiqizi bakabhiya, iwayini nespirit kufanele bagwenywe. Amakhasino nezinye izikhungo zokugembula nokubheja nazo kufanele zigwenywe.

Ngokufanayo, izimboni zokuzijabulisa zabantu abadala, njengokukhiqiza amafilimu ezithombe ezingcolile, zibhekwa njenge-haram. Kwenzeka okufanayo nasembonini yezikhali, ikakhulukazi izikhali eziyimpikiswano.

✔️ Ukuqagela ❌

Ukuqagela okungavinjelwe akuvunyelwe ezezimali zamaSulumane ngoba kuthathwa njengomdlalo wenhlanhla owenqatshelwe (maysir). Ngempela, ukwenza ukuthengiselana kwezezimali kuphela ngenhloso yokusebenzisa ukuguquguquka kwentengo yesikhathi esifushane kakhulu kubonakala njengokugembula okuyingozi nokuziphatha okubi.

Lolu hlobo lokuqagela okumsulwa ukujwayela ukugembula, futhi ayihlanganyeli emnothweni wangempela. Imibhalo yezenkolo iyayigxeka le mikhuba yokuphishekela inzuzo okukhethekile nokungalingani.

Bakhulumela a ukutshalwa kwezimali okunengqondo nokuziphatha, lapho umtshali-zimali abelana khona ngezingozi futhi abambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwenani. Ngakho, ukuze kube semthethweni, ukutshalwa kwezimali ezimakethe zamasheya kufanele kube ukutshalwa kwezimali okunesibopho esikhathini eside, futhi kungabi ukulandelana kokubheja okuyingozi okungahlobene nomsebenzi wenkampani.

Imaphi amafa ancanyelwayo? ✅

Akuwona wonke amabhizinisi nemikhakha evunyelwe kumtshali-zimali ongumSulumane. Ngakho-ke ukutshala izimali ezimakethe zamasheya kuyalawulwa. Ukutshala imali emakethe yamasheya kuyilapho uhlonipha izimiso zezimali zamaSulumane, izimpahla ezithile kufanele zithandwa amaSulumane.

Okokuqala, khetha izitoko abanezikweletu eziphansi futhi bakhiqize ingxenye encane yemali engenayo ngenzalo. Futhi hlunga imikhakha enqatshelwe (utshwala, ugwayi, njll.). Ungakwazi futhi phendukela ku-sukuks, okulingana ne-Islamic yamabhondi, asekelwa yizimpahla ezibambekayo kanye nokugeleza kwemali kwangempela kunenzalo yezimali emsulwa.

Okokugcina, ukuze kube lula, vula ku ukushintshanisa izimali ezihwetshiwe ukuphindaphinda izinkomba zesitoko zamaSulumane. Ukuhlunga amanani angahambisani ne-Sharia sekuvele kwenziwa. Ngalezi ziqondiso, uzotshala imali emakethe yamasheya ngomqondo omncane futhi uvumelana ngokugcwele nezimiso zakho zenkolo.

Ukutshala imali kuzindlu ezithengiswayo ukuze uthole irenti kuvunyelwe. Qaphela kodwa imali mboleko enenzalo. Ngakho-ke ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezindlu kuyindlela enhle yokutshala imali emakethe yamasheya njengeMuslim.

Islamic Stock Indices 📊

Lezi zinkomba ezisekelwe ezihlungini zokuziphatha nezokuziphatha zihlangabezana nesithakazelo esikhulayo esivela kubatshalizimali, amaSulumane kodwa nabangewona amaSulumane, abayengwe yile mali enobunono. Ngokuqondile, indlela yokuhlunga yokuqamba lezi zinkomba iyahlukahluka kodwa ngokuvamile isekelwe ekukhishweni kwesigaba kanye nezilinganiso zezezimali.

Ukukhishwa ngaphandle ngokwengxenye kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukususa ngokushesha izinkampani ezihileleke emisebenzini engekho emthethweni (ukugembula, utshwala, ugwayi, njll.) noma okubonakala kuyingozi emphakathini (izikhali). Izilinganiso zezezimali zikala izinga lesikweletu kanye nesabelo semali engenayo etholakala kunzalo yezezimali. Izinkampani ezinezikweletu eziningi kakhulu noma ezinemali engenayo kakhulu evela kwinzalo nazo azifakiwe.

Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlunga okukabili, izinkomba zamaSulumane ziphindaphinda ukusebenza kwezimakethe zomhlaba ngokulingisa ukwakheka kwazo, kodwa ngaphandle kwama-elementi angahambisani nezimiso zokutshala izimali zamaSulumane.

Khetha i-halal online broker 💻

Ukuhweba amasheya ngokuhambisana nezimiso zezezimali zamaSulumane, kuyanconywa ukuthi umSulumane adlule kumthengisi oqinisekisiwe we-inthanethi “Halal“. Isimo esinjalo siqinisekisa ukuthi umdayisi unikeza ama-akhawunti namasevisi athobela izimiso zomthetho we-Sharia: akukho ntengiselwano ehilela i-ribâ (inzalo), ukukhishwa kwamabhizinisi e-haram (okungathobeli), njll.

Isibonelo, umthengisi we-inthanethi I-Dubai First inikeza ama-akhawunti wokutshalwa kwezimali aqinisekisiwe wamaSulumane anokuhlunga izibambiso zezimali ngokuya ngemibandela yokuziphatha engaphezulu kwezezimali. Ukuqinisekiswa kwayo kuphinde kusho inqubomgomo yokunikela yaminyaka yonke ethobela i-zakat nokunye ukuqinisekiswa.

Inzuzo yomthengisi okhethekile onjalo ukwenza lula utshalomali imakethe yamasheya yomuntu oyedwa oyiMuslim ngenxa yokukhethwa kwangaphambili kwezibambiso ezihambisana nokuziphatha kwakhe kwezenkolo. Induduzo enkulu ukugxila ngomoya ophansi ekuphathweni kwezikhundla zakho zesitoko!

Ukuze utshale imali emakethe yamasheya ngokuqondile, uzodinga ukuthi udlule ku-intanethi ye-brokerage platform. Abanye bahlonipha kakhulu izimiso zamaSulumane:

• I-Wahed Invest : Umthengisi ohamba phambili ku-inthanethi ohlinzeka ngamaphothifoliyo e-halal ETF akhiwe ngaphambilini.
• Abakhiqizi : ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-halal ezitokisini nasezindaweni ezithengiswayo ngaphandle kwe-riba.
• I-IFDC : inkundla eqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwe-Sharia kwemikhiqizo enikezwayo.

Qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha umthengisi onokwethenjelwa, osobala, futhi onikeza ukutshalwa kwezimali okusemthethweni kuphela.

Ama-Cryptocurrencies

Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-cryptocurrency kanye nezezimali zamaSulumane bungabukwa futhi ngokombono wokuhwebelana. I-Cryptocurrency isebenza njengendlela yokuhwebelana emhlabeni wonke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingasebenza ezindaweni ezihlukene ngokomthetho nezingalindelekile, okuvamise ukuyenza ifinyeleleke kunezinketho zezezimali zendabuko.

Nakuba esengozini yoshintsho lwemakethe, izinhlamvu zemali ze-crypto ezifana ne-Bitcoin ne-Ethereum zibhekwa njengendlela esemthethweni yokuhwebelana. Ayatholakala ukuze asetshenziswe ekwenziweni nasekuhwebeni.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwemihlahlandlela ye-cryptocurrency ethobela i-Sharia kunikeza amathuba kumaSulumane okwenza ukutshalwa kwezimali ngendlela efanele. Ngokombono wezezimali, izinhlangano ezisiza umphakathi zamaSulumane zingazuza kakhulu kukho Zakah neminye iminikelo ngokutshala imali kanye nokuhweba nge-crypto.

Amabhange amaningi nezikhungo zezezimali emhlabeni wonke zibona i-crypto njengendlela yokuhwebelana esebenza ngokwezimali. Lokhu kwenza kube lula kubatshalizimali ukuthi baqhubeke nokuhweba, ukuthenga, nokudayisa i-cryptocurrency.

Mayelana nokuthi izinkontileka eziphathelene ne-crypto ziyahambisana yini ne-sharia, njengoba ubudlelwano benkontileka ku-crypto busekelwe ezinkontilekeni ezihlakaniphile zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-blockchain, lokhu kusho ukuthi inqubo ingenziwa ivikeleke kakhulu futhi izenzekele. Lokhu akunciphisi kuphela ubunkimbinkimbi bokuphatha, ukudideka namaphutha.

Izimali eziyimfihlo ezibamba iqhaza nezabelana zinephrojekthi ehambisana kakhulu nezimiso zokuziphatha zamaSulumane.

Zakat kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali 💰

Zakat kuwukunikela okuyimpoqo ku-Islam. Ngokuvamile kubalwa 2.5% wemali engenayo nokonga. Iningi lezazi liyavuma ukuthi i-zakat iyasebenza nasekutshalweni kwezimali.

Lo mthetho wokuhlanza uyasebenza nasenzuzweni ekhiqizwa ukutshalwa kwezimali. Amanye ama-Ulema aze atuse ukukhokha i-zakat enzuzweni ngayinye ebalulekile etholakala ngemva kokuthengiswa kwesheya, ngaphandle kokulinda umnqamulajuqu wonyaka.

Ukukhokha le ntela yenkolo kukuvumela ukuthi ungcwelise imali yakho yezimali, uyisuse esimeni sayo kwesinye isikhathi sobugovu nokuqagela. I-Zakat ihlanganisa isenzo sokwabelana nobumbano kwababuthaka kakhulu.

I-Fatwas ekutshaleni imali emakethe yamasheya 🔎

Ukutshala imali ezimakethe zezimali kanye nemakethe yamasheya kuphakamisa imibuzo kuMuslim ofisa ukuvumelanisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakhe nemigomo yezezimali yamaSulumane. Futhi, ama-Ulemas amaningi akhulume ngale ndaba ngokusebenzisa ama-fatwas ahlukahlukene.

Uma ezinye izazi zigodliwe kakhulu maqondana nemakethe yamasheya kanye nayo ukuchezuka kokuqagela okungenzeka, iningi likubona njengomsebenzi wezomnotho osemthethweni ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Ngakho-ke, i-European Council of Fatwa and Research ibheka ukutshalwa kwezimali esitokweni njengokujwayelekile.

Phakathi kwezincomo eziyinhloko ezikhishwe kulawa ma-fatwa, sithola isidingo sokukhetha inkampani enezimiso zokuziphatha, ukuhlungwa kwemikhakha engekho emthethweni (utshwala, izikhali, njll.), ukukhishwa kwezindlela ezisekelwe enzalweni ezuzisayo, noma ngisho nesibopho sokukhokhisa i-zakat izabelo kanye nenzuzo.

Uma lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha zihlonishwa, ukutshalwa kwezimali emakethe yamasheya kunga ziqinisekiswe futhi zikhuthazwe. Abanye baze babone njengendlela yokuthuthukisa umnotho wangempela futhi bethule ukubonga okwengeziwe ngethonya labatshalizimali abangamaSulumane. Ukuhlanganyela emihlanganweni evamile kanye namavoti abaninimasheya nakho kuyanconywa.

Ekuphethweni

Sengiphetha, kungenzeka ngempela kuMuslim ukutshala imali ezimakethe zamasheya kuyilapho ehlonipha izimiso nezimiso zokuziphatha zamaSulumane. Yize ezinye izici zezimali zesimanje zingahambisani neSharia, izinketho eziningi ziyatholakala kumtshali-zimali onolwazi.

Ngokukhetha amasheya kanye nezimali ezihloliwe ezihambisana ne-sharia, ukugwema i-riba ngazo zonke izinhlobo, ukuxwaya ukuqagela, nokukhokha i-zakat yabo ngokucophelela, noma yimuphi umSulumane angakwazi. ukukhiqiza imali ye-halal emakethe yamasheya.

Kuyavunywa, lokhu kudinga ucwaningo olwengeziwe kunotshalomali lwakudala ukuze ukhethe izimpahla ezifanele nezisemthethweni. Kodwa umzamo uwufanele ukuba nokuthula kwengqondo futhi ungaphambanisi izinkolelo zakho ezingokwenkolo.

Ngesu elifanele, ngakho-ke kuvunyelwe ngokuphelele futhi kuze kunconywe khulisa ukonga kwakho ngemakethe yamasheya. Kunokuba kunqatshelwe ukugembula, kungaba umthombo wemali engenayo enesimilo kanye nomsebenzi ogculisayo. Unganqikazi ukuqalisa, futhi Kwangathi u-Allah angakuqondisa ekutshaleni kwakho izimali !

Kulesi sihloko, Finance de Demain njengoba njalo enza imizuliswano ukukunikeza umbono wakhe on indlela yokutshala imali emakethe yamasheya njenge-Muslim. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uhambe, nansi indlela ukutshala ingcebo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Q: Ingabe ukutshala imali emakethe yamasheya kuvunyelwe e-Islam?

R: Yebo, ukutshalwa kwezimali ngokuvamile kugunyazwe inqobo nje uma kuhlonipha izimiso zezimali zamaSulumane: akukho nzalo noma ukuqagela, ukutshalwa kwezimali emnothweni wangempela.

Q: Yiziphi izindlela zokukhetha izitoko ze-halal?

R: Kuyadingeka ukuhlaziya umsebenzi wenkampani futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ayikhiqizi ingxenye enkulu yenzuzo yayo emkhakheni wotshwala, ugwayi, izikhali, izithombe zocansi, njll.

Q: Ingabe izabelo ezikhokhwa yizinkampani zivunyelwe?

R: Yebo, izinzuzo zivunyelwe inqobo nje uma zivela emisebenzini yezomnotho enesimilo nengaqageli.

Umbuzo: Ungakwazi yini ukutshala imali kunoma iyiphi inkomba yesitoko?

R: Ezinye izinkomba ezibanzi kakhulu azikwenzi kube nokwenzeka ukuhlunga izinkampani ezingathobeli umthetho we-Sharia. Kungcono ukukhomba izinkomba zamaSulumane noma izimali ezihambisanayo.

Q: Ingabe zikhona izimali ezitshalwe ezitokisini ezihambisana nezezimali zamaSulumane?

R: Yebo, izimali ezengeziwe zinikeza izihlungi zokutshala izimali ezithobela umthetho we-Sharia. Bamelela ikhambi elisebenzayo.

Q: Ingabe kufanele ukhokhe iZakat ekutshaleni kwakho esitokweni?

R: Yebo, uma ngabe unamasheya okungenani unyaka, inani lawo lingaphansi kweZakat ngokwezibalo ezifanayo namabhalansi asebhange.

Ungangabazi uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nokutshalwa kwezimali kwe-halal stock market!

Sishiyele amazwana