Izimiso Zezezimali ZamaSulumane

Yiziphi izimiso Zezezimali ZamaSulumane? Izimali zamaSulumane zilawulwa umthetho wamaSulumane, iSharia. Ihlonipha inani elithile lemithetho nokuvinjelwa. Kuyimali enemvelaphi yayo futhi isusa ingqikithi yayo ngokuqondile emithethweni yezenkolo. Ukuze ufunde kangcono ngale mali cabanga ngemiqondo yalo eyinhloko.

Ngakho-ke, kuwumphumela wethonya lenkolo ekuziphatheni, bese kuba yisimilo emthethweni, futhi ekugcineni umthetho wezomnotho ekugcineni ube nezimali.

Kulesi sihloko, Finance de Demain sikwethulela izimiso zezimali zamaSulumane. Kepha ngaphambi kokuthi uqale, nansi iphrothokholi ekuvumela ukuthi wakhe eyakho ibhizinisi lokuqala le-inthanethi.

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🌽 Imithombo yomthetho wamaSulumane

Ukuphendula umbuzo ukuthi yiziphi izimiso eziyisisekelo ze-Islamic Finance ukufuna ukuqonda imithombo yomthetho wamaSulumane. Umnotho wamaSulumane uwonke usekelwe kuKoran, iumbhalo ongcwele kunawo wonke e-Islam. Yizwi likaNkulunkulu elashiwo kuMprofethi uMuhammad ngengelosi uGabriyeli.

Ngokwale ncwadi, uMprofethi nguyena ophethe umsebenzi wokudlulisa izwi likaNkulunkulu kuMuntu. Ngakho-ke iQuran ingumthombo oyinhloko womthetho wamaSulumane futhi inqoba yonke eminye. imithombo ye-Sharia'a. Ngemva kwalomthombo wokuqala okuyiwona iKoran, iSunnah (Hadith) ingumthombo wesibili oyinhloko womthetho wamaSulumane.

Kuyo yonke impilo yoMprofethi, amaSulumane amcela ukuba acacise iziqephu ezithile zeQuran ukuze akwazi ukuqhubeka nokuphila ngokuhambisana nesibonelo uNkulunkulu ayebafundise sona. Ukwenza lokhu, kwabhalwa amaSunna oMprofethi.

Kuyiqoqo lamagama, izenzo kanye nezimvume zomProfethi ngesisekelo lapho amaSulumane engathola khona ugqozi lokuchaza indlela aziphatha ngayo kanye nokuziphatha kwawo.

Njengomthombo wesibili womthetho wamaSulumane, ukuvumelana (Ijma), ukucabanga ngokufanisa (Qiyas) kanye nencazelo (Ijtihad). Izwi Ijma kusho " isivumelwano ngombuzo » futhi ihambisana esimweni samanje nesivumelwano esifinyelelwe yizazi zezomthetho ezingamaMuslim ngemibuzo ethile yomthetho noma ngesimo esithile.

I-Qiya umthetho womthetho owakhiwe ngesisekelo sokuchazwa kwesimo esisha ngokusebenzisa imithetho ekhona kakade ngaphakathi kweKoran noma i-Sunna.

🌽 Ukwenqatshelwa kwezezimali zamaSulumane

Yini riba ?

Le riba ebhekise kunoma yikuphi ukunothisa okungekho emthethweni. Kunoma iyiphi imali eyinsalela etholwe ngaphandle kokunikeza umzamo obalulekile njengenzalo. Ama-Ulama ahlukanise okungenani izinhlobo ezintathu ze riba. Ngakho, abatshalizimali abangamaSulumane babhekene izinselelo namathuba amaningana.

✔️ Indlela yokuqala ye riba : isithakazelo

Inzalo yimali eningi ekhokhiwe noma efunwa phezu kwesamba sokuqala semali lapho kukhokhwa. Inkokhelo yemali mboleko, ngokuvamile eyindlela yokukhokha ngezikhathi ezithile kusukela kumboleki kuya kumabolekisi.

Ngesikhathi sikaMuhammad, ukuthuthukiswa kwe riba wadala izimo zobugqila obubonakalayo kubaboleki abangakwazi ukubuyisela. Yilolu hlobo oluyingqayizivele lokuzicabangela yena uMprofethi ayehlose ukwenqabela kwasekuqaleni.

Umqondo wamaSulumane wokuthakasela ujoyina ezinye izinkolo eziningana nezikole zokucabanga. Ngempela, umsuka we riba itholakala ekuqhubekeleni phambili kobuJuda, ubuKristu nobuSulumane.

Kakade uku IGrisi yasendulo, u-Aristotle (384 BC) ngokuthi umkhuba wenzalo uyisinengiso, ngokuba imali yadalelwa ukuhwebelana hhayi ukuzisebenzela yona.

Isiko lamaJuda liwugxeka ngokusobala umkhuba wokuboleka ngenzalo futhi kwaze kwaba yilapho sekubuyelwa amandla eBabiloni lapho kwagunyazwa khona, kodwa kwabangewona amaJuda kuphela.

ISonto LamaKatolika, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ekuqaleni lalicacile ngale ndaba. Ngaphansi komfutho othize Calvin ekhulwini XVI^th ekhulwini, igunya lanikezwa amaProthestani futhi ngemva kwalokho lo mkhuba wasakazekela kuwo wonke umphakathi wamaKristu.

Emthethweni wamaMuslim, ukuvinjelwa kwentshisekelo kusemthethweni njengoba kudonsela isisekelo sakho kumgomo ocacile weKoran. Sura "The Exodus", ivesi 6, ithi kumelwe sivimbele izimpahla ukuba zisakazwe ezandleni zabacebile kuphela.

Ngakho-ke, ukubolekwa kwezinsimbi (igolide, idayimane, isiliva), imikhiqizo yokudla ayivunyelwe. Lolu hlobo riba, okuyiwona owande kakhulu emhlabeni namuhla.

✔️ Inkundla yesibilimina kwe riba : imali enqwabelene eqoqwe ezimpahleni ezithile

Imali enqwabelene kakhonkolo ibonwe ngesikhathi sokushintshana okuqondile phakathi kwezinhlobo ezithile zezimpahla zohlobo olufanayo (igolide, isiliva, uhlobo lwemali, njll.) nayo riba. Lolu hlobo riba waziwa ngokuthi ribâ al fadhl ou ribâ al bouyou.

✔️ Ifomu lesithathu le riba : inzuzo ethile

Olunye uhlobo lwe riba yalahlwa ngabangane baka-Mohamet ngale mibandela: "Noma iyiphi imali ebolekiwe enikeza inzuzo (enqunyelwe kumbolekisi maqondana nalokho akuthuthukisile ekuqaleni) ihlanganisa riba ".

Mayelana nezikweletu, izikhungo eziningi zezomnotho zamaSulumane zeluleka ngezinhlelo zokubamba iqhaza phakathi kwezimali kanye nabasebenzi.

Lo mthetho wokugcina uthatha isimiso samaSulumane sokuthi umboleki akufanele athwale zonke izindleko uma kwenzeka eqothuka, ngoba " nguAllah onquma lokhu kuqothuka, futhi ifuna ukuthi ifike kubo bonke abathintekayo”.

Yingakho izikweletu ezivamile zingamukeleki. Kodwa izinhlaka ezijwayelekile zokutshala izimali zenziwa ngisho nasezikalini ezincane kakhulu.

Nokho, akuzona zonke izikweletu ezingabhekwa njengezakhiwo zokutshala izimali eziyingozi. Isibonelo, lapho umndeni uthenga indlu, awutshali imali ebhizinisini eliyingozi.

Ngokunjalo, ukuthengwa kwezinye izimpahla ozozisebenzisela umuntu siqu, njengezimoto, ifenisha, njll. ngeke kubhekwe njengokutshala imali okuyingozi lapho ibhange lamaSulumane lingabelana khona ngobungozi kanye nenzuzo.

🌽 Ukwenqatshelwa kokungaqiniseki (I-Gharar)

Le I-Gharar ihlanganisa ukwenqatshelwa kwesibili okukhulu kwezezimali zamaSulumane. Kuchazwa njengokungahleliwe kwezinto okungenzeka imvelo yazo engaqinisekile futhi eyingozi ikwenza kufane nemidlalo yenhlanhla.

Kuhlanganisa nezimo lapho ulwazi lungaphelele futhi isihloko senkontileka siveza izici eziyingozi nezingaqinisekile.

Ku-Quran, i I-Gharar kucashunwe ngokucacile. Izinkulumo ezilandelayo zingatholakala kuSurah 5, amavesi 90 no-91: “ O nina enikholiwe! Iwayini, ukubhula ngezibilini zezisulu kanye nokudweba inkatho (umdlalo wenhlanhla: Maysir) kuyisenzo esingcolile salokho uSathane akwenzayo.

Kugweme! …Udeveli ufuna kuphela ukwethula phakathi kwenu imbewu yokungezwani ngobutha nenzondo ngewayini nokugembula, futhi anisuse ekunxuseni uNkulunkulu nokuthandaza . Pho uzoyiqeda? ".

Nokho, izimo ezithile kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nazo. Ukungaqiniseki okukhona kwinkontileka kufanele kuqala kube okubonakalayo futhi kusekelwe enhlosweni yokwenza inkontileka ingasebenzi.

Bese, inkontileka kufanele ibe yinkontileka yamazwe amabili futhi ingabi yicala elilodwa njengoba kwenzeka emnikelweni noma kusevisi yamahhala. Ekugcineni, i I-Gharar yamukelwa ezimeni lapho yona kanye inhloso yenkontileka ingeke ifinyelelwe ngaphandle kwalokhu kungaqiniseki.

🌽 Ukwenqatshelwa kwamathuba (Qimar) kanye nokuqagela (Maysir)

Ku-FI, kwenqatshelwe " Thola imali kuphela ngokuboleka abanye. Kufanele ngempela ubambe iqhaza kuphrojekthi. Uma impumelelo yephrojekthi incike ngenhlanhla, khona-ke kukhona Maysir.

Yilesi simiso, phakathi kwezinye izinto, esigcinwe ukukhombisa lokho ukuqagela akuvunyelwe ezezimali zamaSulumane.

Ngempela, ukuqagela ngokuvamile kuvela kuyingozi kakhulu. Inhloso akukhona ukubamba iqhaza emnothweni wangempela, kodwa ukuthola imali ngokungahleliwe, ngaphandle kokuba nesithakazelo kuphrojekthi ngokwayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo kwangempela.

Ukwenqatshelwa kwesithathu okukhulu kwezezimali zamaSulumane ngakho-ke Qimar (ithuba) futhi Maysir (ukuqagela). Le mibono emibili ixhumene eduze nokwenqatshelwa okukhulu kwangaphambilini, i I-gharar. Ngezinye izikhathi badidekile ngaphakathi kwezincwadi.

Eqinisweni, i- Qimar ngokuvamile kuchazwa ngokuthi ubukhona Maysir. Nokho, umehluko wukuthi Maysir idlulela ngalé kwemidlalo yenhlanhla njengoba ihambisana nanoma yikuphi ukucebisa okungafanelekile.

Ngobubanzi, zingokwemvelo ngendlela yenkontileka lapho amalungelo ezinhlangothi zenkontileka encike esenzakalweni esingahleliwe.

🌽 Ukwenqatshelwa kokutshalwa kwezimali okungekho emthethweni

Ukuvinjelwa kokugcina okukhulu kusekelwe ekutshalweni kwezimali okungekho emthethweni. Ezezimali zamaSulumane kumele zibe nesibopho emphakathini. Yonke imisebenzi edalwe nguAllah kanye nazo zonke izinzuzo eziphuma kuyo kuchazwa ngokuthi " Halal ». Lo mthetho uholela ekuvinjweni kwenani elikhulu lemikhakha yemisebenzi lapho amaSulumane angafanele atshale khona.

Ngokombono wezezimali, okungaphansi kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinkontileka kufanele futhi kuhambisane neShariah. Ukuvinjelwa kwe-Quranic izazi zokuziphatha ukukhathazeka, ngokwengeza, izindaba zezohwebo.

🌽 Izidingo zezezimali zamaSulumane

🌽 Umgomo wokwabelana ngenzuzo nokulahlekelwa (3P)

Imfuneko yokuqala nephambili kwezezimali zamaSulumane wukwabelana ngenzuzo nokulahlekelwa. Eqinisweni, isimiso sokulingana siyisisekelo sombono wezomnotho womthetho wamaSulumane. Le mfuneko yezimali yamaSulumane yethulwa njenge okunye esikhundleni somkhuba wokuzizuzisa wona okuyi-haram.

Eqinisweni, okunye okuvinjiwe kwe-FI ukuvinjelwa kwentshisekelo kuyo yonke imisebenzi yezomnotho neyezezimali. Ababambe iqhaza emisebenzini yasebhange banesibopho sokwabelana ngobungozi ngakho-ke inzuzo noma ukulahlekelwa ukuze kube semthethweni inkokhelo evela kuphrojekthi yokutshalwa kwezimali.

Ngokubhekiselwa kulo mgomo, i-FI ibizwa ngokuthi " i-crowdfunding ". Lo mgomo ubuye usho ukuthi izigaba zenkontileka kufanele zihlomulise bonke abathintekayo ngokulinganayo.

Yingakho emabhange amaSulumane (IB) kunezinkontileka ezibambe iqhaza ezisayinwe phakathi kwebhange namakhasimende alo. Lezi zinkontileka zivumela ama-BI ukuthi axhase ngezimali, ngokuphelele noma ingxenye, kuye ngohlobo lwenkontileka, iphrojekthi yokutshala imali eyenziwa iklayenti nokubamba iqhaza naye enzuzweni nasekulahlekelweni.

Lapho usayina lezi zinkontileka, izilinganiso zokungenelela enzuzweni yesikhathi esizayo kanye nokulahlekelwa okungenzeka kweqembu ngalinye kufanele kuchazwe ngokucacile.

Kulezo zinkontileka, ikhasimende ngokuvamile lingumphathi wephrojekthi futhi abathintekayo babelana ngaphandle kokukhetha ukulahlekelwa kanye nenzuzo ngokwemibandela yenkontileka, ngaphandle uma kwenzeka budedengu noma Ubudedengu obukhulu obufakazelwe ngasohlangothini lwekhasimende. Umgomo we-3P usungula ubudlelwano obusha phakathi komtshali-zimali (ibhange) kanye nosomabhizinisi (iklayenti).

🌽 Tshala ezimpahleni ezibonakalayo

Imfuneko yesibili eyinhloko ye-IF ukusekelwa kokutshalwa kwezimali ku impahla ephathekayo noma Ukwesekwa Kwempahla. Ngokwale mfuneko, konke ukuthengiselana kwezezimali kumele kubandakanye izimpahla zangempela ukuze zisebenze ngaphansi kweShariah.

Lesi simiso se Ukwesekwa Kwempahla kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqinisa amandla mayelana nokuzinza kanye nokulawulwa kobungozi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuxhumana kwe umkhakha wezezimali kumkhakha wangempela. Ngalesi sidingo, i-IF ifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wangempela ngokudala umsebenzi wezomnotho ongenabungozi.

🌽 Izidingo zobunikazi

Ukucabangela ukubaluleka kombono wempahla kuyisidingo esinamandla emthethweni wamaSulumane. Eqinisweni, imfundiso yamaSulumane ayihambisani ne-capitalism ekugomeni kwakhe ukuthi impahla yangasese ingumgomo, noma ngesocialism lapho ebheka impahla ye-socialist njengesimiso esijwayelekile.

Ivuma ngesikhathi esifanayo izinhlobo ezahlukene zobunikazi lapho yamukela isimiso sobunikazi obubili (impahla ngezindlela ezahlukene) esikhundleni saleyo yohlobo olulodwa lwempahla eyenziwa yi-capitalism nesocialism.

Isifiso sokuziphilisa, ukuphila ngokunethezeka, ngisho nokuba nezinto zokuhlobisa noma imihlobiso nokuzivikela Ikusasa elingaqinisekile alicatshangwa njengento embi.

Kunalokho uthi imithetho yakhe iyindlela yokuphumelela kulo mkhakha ngaphandle kokuwuhweba ngokuhluleka kwakusasa. I-Quran ithi u-Allah okunguyena yedwa umnikazi wako konke okusezulwini nasemhlabeni.

Indoda nokho, ungumphathi kaAllah kuphela emhlabeni. Unesibopho soku it, ngalokho akuphathisiwe. Ngokungafani nezwe lonxiwankulu, umbono wempahla ngokomthetho wamaMuslim uhlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu. Lezi yimpahla yomphakathi, impahla kahulumeni kanye nempahla yangasese.

✔️ Ubunikazi bomphakathi

E-Islam, impahla yomphakathi isho imithombo yemvelo lapho bonke abantu banamalungelo alinganayo phezu kwayo. Lezi zinsiza zibhekwa njengempahla evamile.

Le ndawo ibekwe ngaphansi kokugadwa nokulawulwa nguHulumeni, futhi noma yisiphi isakhamuzi singayijabulela, inqobo nje uma lokhu kungaphuli amalungelo ezinye izakhamizi kule ndawo. Mayelana nokwenziwa ngasese kwempahla yomphakathi, izindawo ezithile ezifana namanzi, umlilo, amadlelo azikwazi ukwenziwa ngasese.

Isigwebo se Mohammed ngokwendlela abesilisa abahlotshaniswa ngayo kulezi zindawo ezintathu, kuholele ekutheni osolwazi bacabange ukuthi ukwenziwa ngasese kwamanzi, amandla kanye nomhlaba wokulima bekungeke kugunyazwe.

Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, ukwenziwa ngasese kanye/noma ukwenziwa kwempahla yomphakathi ibe ngaphansi kukahulumeni kuyindaba-mpikiswano ngaphakathi kwemfundiso.

✔️Impahla yombuso

Lesi sakhiwo sihlanganisa izinsiza zemvelo ezithile kanye nezinye izakhiwo ezingekho kungenziwa ezizimele ngokusheshas. Impahla esesimeni samaSulumane ingaba yiselula noma inganyakazi. Ingatholwa ngokunqoba noma ngezindlela ezinokuthula.

Impahla engafunwanga, engahlali muntu noma engenazo izindlalifa, umhlaba ongalinywa (amawaf) ingathathwa njengempahla kahulumeni. Ngesikhathi sokuphila kukaMuhammad, ingxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu zezinto ezazithathwe esitheni enkundleni yempi yayibhekwa njengempahla yombuso.

Nokho, Muhammad uthi: “Amasimu amadala namadlelo angokaAllah kanye nesiThunywa saKhe, ngakho-ke ngawenu”. Abomthetho bafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi ekugcineni, impahla yangasese ithatha indawo yokuqala kunempahla kahulumeni.

✔️ impahla yangasese

Kukhona ukuvumelana phakathi kwezazi zezomthetho zamaSulumane kanye nezazi zezenhlalo ukuthi i-Islam ibona futhi ikhuthaza ilungelo lomuntu ngamunye lempahla yomuntu siqu. IKoran ikhuluma njalo ngezinkinga zentela, ifa, ukuvinjelwa kokweba, ukuba semthethweni kwempahla.

I-Islam iqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kwempahla yangasese ngezijeziso ezinzima kumasela. UMuhammad uthi lowo ofa evikela impahla yakhe ufana nomfel’ ukholo.

Izazi zezomnotho zamaSulumane zihlukanise ukutholwa kwendawo yangasese ngezigaba ezintathu: okuzenzekelayo, okwenkontileka noma okungezona zenkontileka. Uma kungenakuzikhethela, kusho ukuthi umuntu uzuze efeni, ifa noma isipho.

Ukuthola okungeyona yenkontileka ukutholwa kohlobo lokuqoqwa noma ukuxhashazwa kwemithombo yemvelo engenakho phambilini ibikade ingeyakho. Kodwa-ke, ukuthengwa kwenkontileka kufaka phakathi imisebenzi efana nokuhweba, ukuthenga, ukuqasha, ukuqasha, ...

Nokho, izazi zezomthetho zikaMaliki noHanbali ziphikisa ngokuthi uma impahla yangasese ibeka engozini izithakazelo zomphakathi, umbuso ungakhawulela inani lempahla yomuntu siqu. Kuphela leli phuzu lokubuka elingabelwe, liphikisana kwezinye izikole zokucabanga ngomthetho wamaSulumane.

🌽 Izidingo zokulingana

Ukuvinjelwa kokulobola kucatshangelwe riba phakathi kwamaqembu enkontileka ihlose ukusungula ukulingana kwezenkolo, kwezenhlalo nezomnotho.

✔️Ukulingana ngokombono we-Islam

I-Islam ingaphezu kwakho konke, ubulungisa, ukulingana nokwethembeka. Ngaphansi kweSharia, ngakho-ke, wonke amakholwa ayalingana.

UMuhammad uthi akekho ongazisho ukuthi uyikho ekholelwa uma engathandi umfowabo lokho azithanda yena. Yingakho i-Islam ithatha ukulobola njengethuluzi lokugqugquzela ubugovu.

Kungakho amavesi ahlobene nokuvinjelwa kwayo kuyiKoran andulelwa amavesi amaningana akhuthaza abantu ukuba babambisane, ubumbano kanye nesisa. Ngokombono wethu, ukuwohloka kwezindinganiso kuye kwathanda ukubonakala kosizi ngabanye, ngisho nangaphakathi emazweni athuthukile.

Le nqubekelaphambili amazwe ethu afakaza ngayo, ishiya umuntu engenandaba nomuntu ezingeni lobudlelwano phakathi kwabantu. Uma i-Islam, ekuthuthukisweni kwayo kwezimboni, ibigcina ingqikithi yezimiso zeKoran, ibiyonika umhlaba isifundo esiphusile.

✔️ Ukulingana komphakathi

Ukwenqatshelwa kwentshisekelo kuhloswe futhi ukusungula ukulingana phakathi komphakathi phakathi kwalabo ababambe iqhaza capital kanye nalowo fructifies it. Ukubona imali enqwabelene yomnikazi wekhephithali, ngaphandle kokuthi futhi iqashelwe kumsebenzisi wale khephithali, kuhlanganisa ilungelo elaziwayo lemali maqondana nomsebenzi.

Umkhuba wokuthakasela ubeka imali enkulu phakathi kokungalingani komphakathi. Kodwa-ke, emthethweni wamaSulumane, ingcebo akufanele ibe umthombo wokungalingani kwezenhlalakahle..

✔️ Ukulingana kwezomnotho

I-Islam ifuna, uma kuphela ezingeni le-theory, ukudala i-counterweight ekubuseni kwabacebile. Ngokombono wamaSulumane, ingcebo ingekaNkulunkulu, nokuthi abantu bangabanikazi kuphela.

Ngakho-ke ingcebo akufanele ibe umthombo wamandla ezomnotho. Kufanele igeleze ngokuqhubekayo ngaphakathi kohlaka lwalokho okuvunyelwe yiSharia futhi kufanele isetshenziselwe ukusiza abampofu futhi ibenze bakwazi ukuhola.

🌽 Umgomo wobulungisa

Ubulungisa buwumgomo wokuziphatha odinga ukuhlonishwa komthetho nokungenzeleli. Ubulungiswa bezenhlalakahle budinga izimo zokuphila ezinobulungiswa kuwo wonke umuntu.

 Uma uphenduka, imali yakho enkulu izoba ngeyakho, ungalimazi (ukuthatha okungaphezu kwalokho onegunya lakho), futhi angeke nalinyazwa (ngokwamukela imali encane kunaleyo oyibolekile).

KumaSulumane, ukuvinjelwa kwentshisekelo nakho kuqondise umgomo wobulungiswa. Lo mbono wobulungiswa ungahlolisiswa ngezindlela ezintathu: i-angle yezenkolo, yezenhlalakahle nezomnotho

✔️ Ubulungiswa ngokombono we-Islam

Uma umSulumane efuna ukuzuza ngezindleko zomfowabo ngokusizakala ngesidingo sakhe sokumhlukumeza, wenza isenzo sokungabi nabulungisa. “Akekho ongathi uyikholwa uma engathandi umzalwane wakhe lokho azithanda yena”.

IKoran ifuna ukuthuthukisa kumaSulumane umuzwa wokuthi bonke bangabomphakathi ofanayo othweswe umsebenzi. Nokho, ukulobola kubhekwa njengendlela esekelwe ukungabi nabulungisa, okukhuthaza ukuhlukana nomoya wenzondo.

Yingakho okunye okwakubalulekile kumprofethi kwakuwukugxeka noma iyiphi inzuzo etholakala ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile kulolu hlobo lomkhuba.

✔️ Ubulungiswa bezenhlalo

La ubulungiswa bezenhlalakahle futhi iphakathi kwezinkinga zamaSulumane. Ngakho-ke ukuvinjelwa kwentshisekelo kuya ngale ndlela.

Ngamanye amazwi, ifuna ukusungula ubulungiswa phakathi kwabanikazi bezimali nalabo abangenelela ngomsebenzi wabo. Ububi bokuqaphela imali enqwabelene maqondana nabasebenzi akukhona nje ukuziphatha kahle.

Impela, lolu hlobo lokucabangela lusiholela ekwehliseni amanani oMuntu futhi sikhuphule inani lendaba. Ngale kwalokhu kuphawulwa, kunemiphumela eqondile ekwakhekeni komphakathi.

Inzalo ikhuthaza ukungafani komphakathi ngokudlulisela ingcebo ngaphandle kwengozi noma ubuhlungu, ezandleni zedlanzana. Lokhu kuphawula kuphambene ngokuqondile nalokho okumenyezelwa yiKoran, evimbela ukubusa kwabantu oyedwa.

✔️ Ubulungiswa bezomnotho

Ohlelweni lwamabhange oluvamile, umbolekisi uyazuza enanini elimiswe ngaphambili elimelwe inzalo. Kulokhu, ngenkontileka yemalimboleko, inhloko-dolobha kanye nomsebenzi ngezabantu oyedwa kuphela ngubani othathayo oziphatha ngokuzifaka engozini yakhe.

Ngakho-ke umuntu angazibuza ukuthi ngabe bukhona ngempela yini ubulungiswa ngokombono wezomnotho kulolu hlobo lwenqubo. Ngoba, uma inhlokodolobha iwohloka, ngumqashi ozothatha isibopho esigcwele.

I-Islam ithi uma umuntu efuna ukwenza umbolekisi ahlanganyele enzuzweni etholakele, kuyadingeka ngesikhathi esifanayo ukumenza ahlanganyele ukulahlekelwa umuntu angase akuthole. Kungakho, ukudlala ibhalansi eceleni kombolekisi kuwukungalungi.

Kodwa-ke, kusukela ngesikhathi lapho umnikazi wenhloko-dolobha ebamba iqhaza enzuzweni nasekulahlekelweni, akusewona umbuzo wemali mboleko kodwa ukubambisana kweqiniso kobumbano. islam izingcingo Mudaraba.

Emthethweni wamaSulumane, ingcebo ayihlosiwe ukuba ibe umthombo wamandla ezomnotho, noma ukumiswa. Umcebo kufanele usetshenziselwe ukusiza abanye futhi ubenze bakwazi ukuhola.

Lokhu kugxekwa kwe-Islam kusiholela ekuqondeni ukuthi ngosizo oluqondile kakhulu, i-zakat, labo abathola (abampofu, ababuthakathaka, izintandanes) abe nokuthambekela okuncane kokudla.

Ngakho-ke lokhu kudluliselwa komcebo kuzokwandisa isidingo futhi kudale ukuthuthukiswa komnotho ngezinga elithile.

🌽 Ukukhokhwa kweZakat

I-Zakat, insika yesithathu yamaSulumane, iyisibopho sezezimali kokubili, isenzo sokukhonza kanye nelungelo likaNkulunkulu. Lenza umsebenzi obalulekile ekuqalisweni komgomo wokulingana, ngokwabiwa kabusha komcebo, kusukela kwabacebe kakhulu kuye kwabaswele.

Ngokuqondile, noma yimuphi umSulumane obambe isikhathi sonyaka wenyanga (halala) ingcebo engaphezu komkhawulo wentela (nisab) 85 amagremu egolide. Lokho cishe kuma-euro ayi-1500 namuhla, kudingeka ukuthi unikele ngo-2,5% ezintandaneni, kwabampofu, ababaleki ezimpini, njll.

Ngakho-ke i-zakat kufanele ihlaziywe njengesinyathelo esikhuthaza umSulumane ukuthi atshale imali, amsunduzele ukuthi enze imali yakhe ithele izithelo. Lokhu kuhlaziya kuqinisekiswa futhi impatho eyatholwa ku-Islam ngokuqongelela imali, okubonakala njengokuntula ukholo ngokuphelele njengoba kuwuphawu lokuntula ukuzethemba ngekusasa.

Le Quran ithi ukuthi: " labo abaqongelela igolide nesiliva, kude nokukuchithizela endleleni kaAllah, bamemezele isijeziso esibuhlungu ".

Ngakho-ke, ngokusekelwe kulezi zimiso zokuziphatha zomthetho wamaSulumane, abagqugquzeli bohlelo lwezezimali lwamaSulumane bahlose ukusungula imodeli entsha, ephethe izindinganiso ezinhle futhi banikeze amaSulumane nabangewona amaSulumane amathuba asemthethweni okuzuza ezinsizeni zamabhange zanamuhla ngokulandela " indlela kaNkulunkulu ".

Kodwa-ke, angikwazi ukukushiya ngaphandle kokukunikeza lo mhlahlandlela ukuze ukhulise ireferensi yewebhusayithi yakho. Chofoza lapha ukuze ulande lo mhlahlandlela.

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