Amathiphu aphezulu okushintshanisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho

Kungani futhi kanjani ukuhlukanisa izimali zakho? Ukutshalwa kwezimali yikho okukuqinisekisayo kusasa ngezimali ezingcono. Kulokhu, ukuhlukahluka kuhlala kuwukhiye wempumelelo yokutshalwa kwezimali. Iphothifoliyo yokutshala imali ehlukahlukene inciphisa ubungozi ngenkathi itshala imali isikhathi eside. Ivumela inani lokutshalwa kwezimali elinesivuno esikhulu ngokususa ubungozi obungaba khona ngezinye izindlela ezizinzile.

Uma uqala kusenesikhathi, ungathola nevelu yokonga okuneziyalo nokuhlela izinjongo zakho zempilo. Ungaqala ngengxube yemali, amasheya, amabhondi noma izibambiso zikahulumeni.

Kodwa kusho ukuthini ukuhlukanisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho? Kodwa okokuqala nansi ukuqeqeshwa ukuthi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuphumelela kwezamabhizinisi.

Liyini isu lokuhlukahluka?

Kusukela esiteji se imodeli yebhizinisi noma kamuva, ngesikhathi sokuvela kwayo, amasu ahlukene ayatholakala enkampanini. Ukuhlukahluka kungenye yazo.

Njengoba igama layo liphakamisa, leli su lihlanganisa ukuhlukanisa imikhakha yenkampani yokwenza, okuhlosiwe kanye nokukhiqiza. Lokhu kungasho ukuthuthukisa imikhiqizo emisha noma ukungena emakethe entsha.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlukahluka. Kungaba ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle. Esimweni sokuqala, inkampani yenza izinguquko zesakhiwo ukuze isungule izinsiza zayo ezikhona. Okwesibili, inkampani ithatha enye ezokwenza lula ukufinyelela kwayo emkhakheni omusha ohlosiwe.

Uma usuthuthuke ukuzethemba ezinqumweni zakho futhi unemali eyanele, ungashintsha ngokuya ezindaweni ezifana nezimakethe zomhlaba kanye nezakhiwo. Nazi izindlela ongahlukanisa ngazo ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho.

Thola ukuthi kungani ukuhlukahluka kubalulekile

Iphothifoliyo ehlukahlukene isiza ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho kukonke ukuthi kubambe ukushaqeka kwanoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwezezimali, ikunikeze ibhalansi engcono kakhulu yohlelo lwakho lokonga. Kodwa ukuhlukahluka akukhawulelwe kuhlobo lokutshalwa kwezimali noma izigaba zezibambiso. Iphinde inwebe ngaphakathi kwekilasi ngalinye lezokuphepha.

Tshala imali ezimbonini ezahlukene, ezinhlelweni zenzalo kanye nokuhlala isikhathi eside. Isibonelo, ungabeki lonke utshalomali lwakho emkhakheni wemithi, noma ngabe ungomunye wemikhakha esebenza kahle kakhulu. Hlukanisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho kweminye imikhakha ekhulayo, njengobuchwepheshe bezemfundo noma ubuchwepheshe bolwazi.

Ukwabiwa kwempahla

Ngobubanzi, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokutshala imali: amasheya namabhondi. Nakuba amasheya abhekwa njengengozi enkulu enesivuno esiphezulu, amabhondi ngokuvamile azinzile ngesivuno esiphansi.

Ukuze unciphise ukuchayeka kwakho engozini, kufanele uhlukanise imali yakho phakathi kwalezi zinketho ezimbili. Iqhinga ukubuyisana kokubili, ukuthola ibhalansi phakathi ingozi nokuphepha.

Ukwabiwa kwempahla ngokuvamile kusekelwe eminyakeni yobudala nendlela yokuphila. Lapho usemncane, ungathatha ingozi kuphothifoliyo yakho ngokukhetha amasheya anikeza imbuyiselo ephezulu.

Indlela enhle yokusabalalisa iwukuba susa iminyaka yakho kusukela kweyi-100 - lokhu kufanele kube iphesenti lezitoko kuphothifoliyo yakho. Isibonelo, umuntu oneminyaka engu-30 angase agcine amasheya angu-70% namabhondi angu-30%.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umuntu oneminyaka engama-60 kufanele anciphise ukuchayeka engozini, ngakho-ke, isabelo sebhondi yesitoko kufanele 40:60. Nokho, kungase kudingeke ucabangele izimali zomkhaya wakho lapho wenza lezi zinqumo.

Uma wabelana ngezindleko eziningi zomndeni, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu mayelana nokutshalwa kwezimali kwakho. Lokhu kungakhawulela inani lemali onayo ngakho-ke ungase ufune ukuyidlala iphephile ngokutshekela phezulu kumabhondi.

Hlola ubungozi bekhwalithi yesibambiso ngaphambi kokutshala imali

Unganciphisa ukungaqiniseki kokuhweba ngamasheya ngokusebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kwekhwalithi yobungozi ngaphambi kokuthenga noma ukuthengisa isitoko. Ukuhlaziywa kwekhwalithi yengozi kunikeza amaphuzu achazwe ngaphambilini ukuze kuhlolwe impumelelo yephrojekthi.

Ukuze usebenzise isimiso esifanayo, umuntu kufanele ahlole isitoko ngokusebenzisa imingcele ethile ebonisa ukuzinza kwaso noma amandla okwenza kahle.

Le migomo izobandakanya imodeli yebhizinisi eqinile, ubuqotho babaphathi abaphezulu, ukubusa kwebhizinisi, inani lomkhiqizo, ukuthobela imithetho, izinqubo eziphumelelayo zokulawula ubungozi kanye nokwethembeka kwemikhiqizo noma amasevisi ayo, okuhlotshaniswa nenzuzo yayo yokuncintisana.

Ukutshala izimali ezimakethe zemali ukuze uthole ukheshi

Amathuluzi emakethe yemali afaka phakathi Izitifiketi zediphozithi (CD), iphepha lezentengiselwano (CP) kanye nezikweletu ze-treasury (T-bills). Inzuzo enkulu yalezi zibambiso ukuqedwa kalula. Ubungozi obuphansi bubuye bube wutshalomali oluphephile.

Kuzo zonke izibambiso emakethe, izikweletu ze-Treasury yizona eziseduze nezibambiso ezingenabungozi ezingathengwa ngazodwana.

Nakuba ama-g-secs aziwa ngokuphepha kwawo, awaziwa ngokuvunwa kwawo okuphezulu. Okwenza i-g-sec iphephe ukuhlukaniswa kwayo kusukela ekuguquguqukeni kwezimakethe, kodwa futhi isusa amathuba okwenza inzuzo enkulu njengasendabeni yesitoko.

Tshala imali kumabhondi ngokugeleza kwemali okuhlelekile

Izimali ezihlanganyelwe zibhekwa njengendlela yokutshala imali ethembekile futhi ezinzile. Kodwa ngaphakathi kwe-mutual funds, kunezinketho eziningi zokutshala izimali, ukuzuza inzalo, nokuhlenga.

Uma ufuna ukufinyelela emalini yakho ngisho noma iboshelwe ohlelweni lokonga, cabanga ukutshala imali ku-mutual funds ehlelekile. Ngalezi zinhlobo zokutshalwa kwezimali, ungakhipha inani elimisiwe nyanga zonke noma ngekota. Ungenza ngokwezifiso ukuhoxiswa, ukhethe inani elinqunyiwe noma ngokumelene nenzuzo.

Landela isu lokuthenga

Uhlelo lokutshala izimali luwuhlelo lwakho lokonga lwesikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke kufanele uqale ukucabanga isikhathi eside futhi ugweme ukusabela kwamadolo. Cabanga thenga ubambe esikhundleni sesu eliqhubekayo lokuhweba. Inhloso ukugcina iphothifoliyo ezinzile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngaphandle kokushintshashintsha kwezimakethe.

Ngokungafani nokuhweba okungaguquki, lena indlela yokungenzi lutho lapho uvumela ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho ukuthi kukhule. Sesikushilo lokho, ungesabi ukunciphisa ukubamba okuye kwakwazisa ngokushesha noma ukuthatha okuningi kuphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali kunalokho okudingekile noma ubuhlakani.

Qonda izinto ezithinta izimakethe zezimali

Ngaphambi kokutshala imali ezimakethe zezimali, kufanele uqale uqonde izici ezinomthelela ekuhambeni kwayo. Izimakethe zezimali zihlanganisa ukuhwebelana ngamasheya, ukuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe, izimakethe zamabhondi, izimakethe zezimali kanye nezimakethe zamabhange.

Empeleni iyimakethe yamathuluzi ezezimali futhi njenganoma iyiphi enye imakethe, asebenza ngokuhlinzekwa nokufunwa. Njenganoma iyiphi enye imakethe, kuphinde kube nezici zangaphandle ezifana nezilinganiso zenzalo kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali okuthonya amandla ayo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nezimakethe zomhlaba

Izimakethe zomhlaba zinamandla okwenza inzuzo ephezulu ngesikhathi esifushane. Lezi zimakethe ngokuvamile zibonakala ngokuguquguquka okushesha kakhulu lapho umtshali-zimali kufanele abhekane nemithetho eminingi yezimali.

Njengomtshali-zimali osemusha, kungathatha isikhathi ukufunda ukuthi kusebenza kanjani, ukuqonda izitayela nokuguquguquka, nokuthi yini eqhuba lezo zinguquko. Kodwa kungaba okuzuzisa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma imakethe ibhekene nokwehla okuqhubekayo.

Ungaqala nge exchange isikhwama esihwebayo (ETF) noma isikhwama sokubambisana esinesakhiwo esinezindleko eziphansi kanye nemali eningi. Izokuvumela ukuthi utshale imali ngokuphepha ngemali encane, ikunike ithuba elihle lokubheka nokuqonda ukuthi imakethe yomhlaba wonke isebenza kanjani.

Linganisa kabusha iphothifoliyo yakho ngezikhathi ezithile

Ibhalansi ibalulekile empilweni uma wena hlukanisa utshalomali lwakho. Kubalulekile ukuhlola iphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uhlole ibhalansi yezimpahla ezihlukahlukene.

Lokhu kubuyekezwa kufanele kusekelwe ezinhlosweni zakho kanye nezigigaba ezibalulekile empilweni yakho, kanye nokuhlolwa kokuthi uqale kuphi nokuthi usuhambe ibanga elingakanani.

Umeluleki wezezimali angakusiza ukuthi ubuyekeze ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho ngokusekelwe endleleni yakho yokuphila. Lo msebenzi futhi ukwenza uziphathe ngendlela eqondile mayelana nokutshalwa kwezimali kwakho, kuyilapho ukwazisa ngokukhula kwayo kwaminyaka yonke. Lezi zici ezimbili ekugcineni zizokusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi, kuyilapho uthuthukisa umbono ongcono wokutshalwa kwezimali esikhathini esizayo.

Zama uhlelo lokutshala izimali oluhlelekile

Uma unemali encane ofuna ukuyitshala esikhathini esithile kunokutshala imali enkulu ngesikhathi esisodwa, i-SIP iyindlela enhle. Ngaphansi kwale ndlela, ungatshala inani elingashintshi ku-mutual funds ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ilungele labo abangakwazi ukuthola isamba esikhulu, kodwa abangakwazi ukutshala imali encane kuphela inyanga ngayinye.

Faka imali kumshwalense wempilo

Imbalwa abantu abadala e-India abacabanga ngokutshala umshwalense wempilo. Kungaba nzima ukucabanga ngokufa njengomuntu osemusha, ikakhulukazi uma ungashadile noma unezinye izinhlanga.

Kodwa iseluleko seminyaka yobudala sokubheka umshwalense wempilo njengendlela ebalulekile yokutshala izimali siyiqiniso, ikakhulukazi uma usemncane ngenxa yamazinga aphansi emali ekhokhwayo inkampani yakho yomshwalense okungenzeka ikunikeze yona usemncane.

Izinkampani zomshwalense wokuphila zinquma amaphrimiyamu ngokuya ngeminyaka, futhi uma umncane, amaphrimiyamu akho ephansi. Umshuwalense wokuphila ungase ungakuzuzisi manje, kodwa uzovikela obathandayo lapho ungekho.

Qaphela ukuchema kwakho kwezezimali

Lapho uhlela ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho, udinga ukuqaphela ukuchema nemibono engase ibe nomthelela ezinqumweni zakho. Sivame ukuthonywa izici zangaphandle, ikakhulukazi isifiso sokudla engozini, isimo sengqondo somndeni, inhlanhla nezinkolelo zamasiko.

Ukulungela ubungozi kubhekisela ezingeni lengozi oyovuma ukuyithatha, ngokuvamile encike esizinda somndeni kanye nesimo sengqondo samasiko. Abantu abadala abasebasha abavela emindenini ecebile banamathuba amaningi okuthi bakhethe ukutshalwa kwezimali okunobungozi obukhulu, okunembuyiselo ephezulu.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, labo abavela ezizindeni ezinesizotha kungenzeka ukuthi batshale imali kumaphothifoliyo aphephile. Isimo sengqondo somndeni siphinde sibe nomthelela ekuzimiseleni kwethu ukwethemba isici " Ithuba ".

Esinye isici esiyingqayizivele ithonya lamasiko elinquma ukutshalwa kwezimali kwethu. Isibonelo, eminye imiphakathi ikhetha ukutshala igolide, kanti eminye ikhetha ukutshala emhlabeni.

Hlukanisa utshalomali lwakho: Ngokufingqa

Inhloso yokutshala imali ukunikeza imali yakho ithuba lokukhula futhi ikusize ufeze ezinye izinjongo zakho zempilo. Uma uqala kusenesikhathi, yilapho onganikeza khona imali oyitshalile ukuze ufinyelele amandla azo.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, kukusiza ukuthi ujwayelane nokuziphatha kwezezimali, umkhuba wokonga nokuqonda amathuluzi okutshala imali. Ukuqala kusenesikhathi kukunikeza inkululeko yezezimali nokuzinza ukuze uphishekele ezinye izinto ozithandayo futhi uthuthukise izinga lakho lempilo. Ngokwenza kanjalo kufanele uhlukanise izimali zakho.

Kodwa-ke, angikwazi ukukushiya ngaphandle kokukunikeza ukuqeqeshwa kwami ​​​​ngokuqeqeshwa komuntu siqu. Chofoza lapha ukuze ulande umhlahlandlela wokugcina wokuphathwa kwezimali zomuntu siqu.

Sishiyele amazwana