Okufanele ukwazi ngamabhondi njengendlela yokuxhasa ngezimali

Uma udinga imali uya ezikhungweni zezimali uyocela ukubolekwa. Lapho amabhizinisi noma izinhlaka zikahulumeni zidinga imali eningi, bakhipha amabhondi.

Into yokuqala efika emqondweni uma kukhulunywa ngokutshala imali yimakethe yamasheya. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi umhlaba wezabelomali uyajabulisa. Ukunyakaza kwezimakethe kusakazwa emaphephandabeni nakumabonakude.

Amabhondi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, azikho njenge-sexy. I-jargon ezungeze lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo wezezimali ingase ibonakale ingacacile kwabangakaziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibopho ziningi kakhulu "i-cushy”, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi semakethe yezinkunzi, lapho zibonakala zinikeza imbuyiselo engasho lutho uma kuqhathaniswa nezabelomali.

Kulesi sihloko, sizokwethula ukuthi siyini isibopho nokuthi ungasisebenzisa kanjani ngokunenzuzo. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi siqale, nakhu Ingabe wenze imali ngomuzwa wakhe wenethiwekhi yokuxhumana nabantu?

Asambe !!

🚀 Yini isibopho?

Ibhondi isibambiso sesikweletu esikhishwe izinhlangano (inkampani, iziphathimandla zendawo noma izwe).

Uma esinye salezi zikhungo (uMbuso, umphakathi noma inkampani) sifuna uxhaso lwezimali, amanani angathanda ukuba nawo angase adinge ukuba khona kwabakweletwayo abambalwa.

Ngokuthenga ibhondi, ungaba omunye walaba bakweleti, ngamanye amazwi, ngokubamba iqhaza ekuthengeni ingxenye yesikweletu.

I-athikili okufanele ifundwe: Ubuchwepheshe namathuluzi okuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwebhizinisi

Ekuvuthweni, ngaphezu kwemali ozoyibuyisela kuwe, okweletayo uvuma ngezikhathi ezithile ukukukhokhela (njalo ngonyaka, njalo ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, njalo ngekota noma nyanga zonke) ngokusekelwe esilinganisweni senzalo osibekele kusengaphambili.

🚀 Isibonelo sokutshala imali kwebhondi

Isikhungo sifisa ukuthola imali ebolekiwe yama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-10. Unquma ukusebenzisa imali ebolekiwe yebhondi enenani elingaguquki.

Uma kubhekwa ukuthi isamba sikhulu, uhlukanisa le mali ebolekiwe ibe amasheya angu-1 ka-£000 lilinye. Sekushiwo lokho, noma iyiphi ibhondi ekhishiwe izobiza i-10 £. Bese, ibeka izinga lenzalo ku-5% empilweni yemali mboleko yeminyaka eyi-10.

I-athikili okufanele ifundwe: Amasu okuphatha isikhathi alungile

Uma ufuna enye yezibopho zakhe, khona-ke unenketho yokuzuza eyodwa.

Ngakho-ke uma inkokhelo yenziwa minyaka yonke, uzothola u-£500 njalo ngonyaka iminyaka eyi-10. Onyakeni weshumi, umboleki uzokubuyisela u-£500 ongezwe ku-£10 yakho yokuqala. Ngakho-ke uzoba nemali engenayo ye I-£5000 isiyonke phakathi neminyaka eyi-10 (£500).

🚀 Izinhlobo zamabhondi

Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zamabhondi ezingahlukaniswa ngokuya kwesikhathi sokuphila noma ngokuya ngemibandela yokukhokha yekhuphoni:

Amabhondi anenani elimisiwe

Kulokhu, inani lenkathi, lokukhokhwa kwenzalo kanye nelekhuphoni limisiwe ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwale bhondi. Ngakho-ke inkokhelo ngesibopho njalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi inkokhelo yokuvuthwa.

Amabhondi anezinga eliguquguqukayo

Lapha, inani lekhuphoni lizoncika ekuguquguqukeni kwesilinganiso semakethe (njengezinga le-interbank elifana ne-Euribor) okungezwe kulo inani elimisiwe.

Kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi ukunyakaza kwezinga lemakethe kuyehluka ngesisekelo sesikhawu esivamile.

Amabhondi anekhuphoni elinguziro

Kukho konke ukuphila kwebhondi, lolu hlobo lwebhondi alukhiqizi ikhuphoni.

Amabhondi ekhuphoni elilodwa

Inani lekhuphoni kuleli cala lixhaswa ngokugcwele futhi likhokhwa ngokuqondile ekuvuthweni kwale bhondi.

Amabhondi ungawaguqulela esitokweni

Lapha, amabhondi owathengayo angashintshwa abe amasheya enkampanini ekhiphayo ngokusekelwe emigomeni eyanikezwa ngesikhathi kukhishwa ibhondi.

🚀 Isilulumagama se-Bond

Ngokuya ngesibopho, amagama aqondile asetshenziswa:

• Umthumeli. Lena inhlangano noma inkampani edayisa amabhondi.
• inani lobuso. yinani okumele ulikhokhe ukuze uthole ibhondi.
• Izinga lenzalo ; leli izinga elibekwe okhiphile.
• Umnqamulajuqu ; lesi yisikhathi semalimboleko.
• Isigqebhezana; lena inzalo ekhokhwa ngumboleki. Leli gama liza ngesizathu sokuthi izitifiketi zebhondi kwesinye isikhathi zihlobene namakhuphoni akhiphekayo okumele abatshalizimali bazinikele ukuze bathole inzalo. Namuhla, izitifiketi zigcinwa kurejista kagesi.

🚀 Izinga le-actuary lebhondi

Leli zinga lenza kube lula ukuqhathanisa inzuzo yamabhondi. Isibonelo, isibopho somunye Isikhathi seminyaka emi-5 futhi enikeza a 8% isigqebhezana ayinanzuzo ngokuphelele kunomunye weminyaka emi-5 ehlala inekhuphoni elingu-5%.

I-athikili okufanele ifundwe: Izinselele namathuba emkhakheni wokumaketha

ngakho ibhondi engu-8%. ingabiza futhi inikeze imbuyiselo encane ye-actuarial. Uma ibhondi engu-8% icaphuna u-115%, izoba nesivuno sokuvuthwa okungu-4.575% unyaka ngamunye.

Lokhu kuhambisana nokusebenza phakathi nenkathi yeminyaka emi-5 yokutshalwa kwezimali ngokutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kwama-euro angu-115, okukunikeza ama-euro angu-8 ngonyaka futhi lokhu iminyaka engu-5 futhi kukubuyisele ama-euro angu-100 ekugcineni.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ibhondi engu-5% icaphuna u-99%, izoba nesivuno ekuvuthweni kuka-502%. Ngakho-ke kuthakazelisa kakhulu ukutshala ama-euro angama-99 ukuze uthole ama-euro ayi-5 unyaka ngamunye iminyaka engu-5 futhi uthole ama-euro ayi-100 ekuvuthweni.

Ngenxa yezinga le-actuary lebhondi, ungakwazi ukuqhathanisa inani layo lesivuno nokunye ukutshalwa kwezimali.

🔰 Izinzuzo zebhondi

Abantu abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi kungani kufanele batshale imali kumabhondi kunamanye amathuba.

I-athikili ezofundwa: Izindlela zenhlolovo yokwaneliseka kwekhasimende

Sizokukhombisa izinzuzo ezithile zokutshala imali kumabhondi.

• Kumabhondi, ingxenye enkulu, lolu hlobo lokutshalwa kwezimali ayinikezi ukungaqiniseki (inani, usuku lokukhokhwa kwemali enkulu kanye nemali engenayo emaphakathi).
• Ngamabhondi, unenketho ukuze uthole imali eyengeziwe kulabo okunikezwa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi esifushane, futhi lokhu, ngezinga eliphansi lobungozi kunalelo elethulwa ukutshalwa kwezimali kokulingana. Le nkokhelo iyathandeka kakhulu, isilinganiso somnikezi siphansi.
• Amabhondi anikeza abatshalizimali abahlukahlukene abafuna imali ithuba lokushesha izimbuyiselo ezikhangayo.
• Ukutshalwa kwezimali kumabhondi, ikakhulukazi amabhondi kahulumeni we-OECD, kungenzeka ngemali encane futhi kufinyelelwa yibo bonke.
• Ukwengeza eqinisweni lokuthi imali engenayo ijwayelekile, amabhondi anethuba lokukhiqiza inzuzo enkulu lapho amanani emakethe eba ngaphansi kunalawo ebhondi.
• Ngokungafani nokutshalwa kwezimali, amabhondi avamise ukuxoxisana ngawo emakethe yesibili nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kuye ngemali etholakalayo.

🔰 Izingozi zokuthenga ibhondi

Ukutshala imali kumabhondi akunayo ingozi encane kunokutshala imali emakethe yamasheya.

Kodwa ukuthenga amabhondi akunawo amaphutha, nokho kuhlanganisa izingozi okufanele uziqaphele:

• Ukukhuphuka kwezinga lenzalo : uma izinga lenzalo likhuphuka, lokhu kubangela ngokuqondile inani lamabhondi ukuba lehle. Akulungile ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthengisa amabhondi akho lapho izinga lenzalo likhuphuka.
• Ukwehla kwamandla emali : kungase kwenzeke ukuthi lokhu kudlule isivuno sebhondi ukuze izinga lilungiswe. Ngaleso sikhathi, noma ubani oziphethe uyalahlekelwa.
• Ukungakhokhi imali komkhiphi : kungase kwenzeke ukuthi inkampani ezimele ekhiphe amabhondi izithole isesimeni lapho ingakwazi ukuhlonipha ukukhokhwa kwenzalo futhi ikwazi ukukhokha inani elifunekayo.
• Ukuwa kwemakethe yamabhondi : labo abaphethe amabhondi bazobona imali yabo etshaliwe ngokushesha ilahlekelwa inani. Ngaleso sikhathi, bayophoqeleka ukuba bazidayise ngokulahlekelwa.

🔰 Izixazululo zokutshala imali ngebhondi?

Sinezindlela ezimbalwa zokutshala imali kumabhondi.

• Tshala imali yebhondi ; kulolu hlobo lokutshalwa kwezimali, inhloko-dolobha iqinisekisiwe futhi inikeza ukuzinza nokuphepha.
• Ukutshalwa kwezimali kumabhondi ngama-ETF ; ama-tracker noma ama-ETF ayizindlela zokuzibeka emakethe yebhondi. Lena indlela enhle, ngoba ngo-2022 ama-ETF abalelwa ngaphezu kwama-38% emakethe eYurophu.
• Faka imali ngqo kumabhondi ; ingenye yezixazululo ezifinyeleleka kancane, cishe ezingenakufinyeleleka kubatshalizimali bezitolo, ngoba kuzodingeka ucabangele intengo yebhondi kanye neqiniso lokuthi udinga iphothifoliyo ehluke kakhulu.

🔰 Ukuvala

Bekuwumbuzo kithi kulesi sihloko ukwethula kinina ukuthi siyini isibopho, sikhulume ngezibopho ezahlukene, imigomo okumele siyisebenzisele ukusebenza kwayo. Sithemba ukuthi manje usungakwazi ukwenza isinqumo sokuthi uzotshala noma cha kumabhondi.

🔰 Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Siyini isici sesibopho?

Ungabonakalisa ibhondi ngohlobo lwayo, ihlelo, inani lobuso, intengo, ithemu, indlela yokuhlenga kanye nenzuzo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwebhondi nesitoko?

Ibhondi iyingxenye yemalimboleko ekhishwa umphakathi uhulumeni noma inkampani ezimele, ngakolunye uhlangothi isheya liyingxenye yemali eyinhloko enkampanini.

Iyini injongo yangempela yesibopho?

Noma ubani okhipha amabhondi angawasebenzisa ngenjongo yokuboleka imali emakethe yezezimali. Labo abathenga amabhondi baholelwa ngenzalo futhi bazothola isikhathi esihlinzekiwe ekukhishweni kwembuyiselo yabo.

I-athikili okufanele ifundwe: Ungaphumelela kanjani ekucwaningeni ngedijithali?

Sesiqedile, sethemba ukuthi ukufunda lesi sihloko kukuvule amehlo kuzo zonke izindawo ezimpunga uma kukhulunywa ngamabhondi.

Uma kunjalo, sicela uthumele ukuphawula kwakho ukuze sibone ukuthi singathuthuka kanjani ukuze sikukhonze kangcono ngokuzayo.

Ungakhohlwa ukwabelana nabangani bakho kanye nojwayelene nabo ukuze nabo bazuze kukho.