Iluphi uhlobo lwe-akhawunti yasebhange eyakhiwe e-Afrika?

I-Afrika, izwekazi elibhekene nokukhula komnotho, inikeza amathuba anhlobonhlobo mayelana nezinsiza zamabhange. Lapho ukwakhiwa kwe-akhawunti yasebhange ijwayelane nezidingo kanye nezinjongo zezezimali zomuntu ngamunye kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula komnotho nokwenza kube lula ukufinyelela ezinsizeni zezezimali.

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-akhawunti asebhange atholakala e-Afrika kanye nezinzuzo azinikeza izakhamuzi zendawo kanye nabangaphandle. E-Afrika, ama-akhawunti amanje angenye yezinhlobo zama-akhawunti asebhange asetshenziswa kakhulu.

Lawa ma-akhawunti avumela abanikazi ukuthi benze imisebenzi yansuku zonke efana nokufaka imali, ukuhoxiswa kwemali kanye nokudluliselwa. Bavame ukuza nekhadi ledebithi elivumela ukufinyelela kalula ezindlekweni.

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🌿 Ithini i-akhawunti yasebhange

Un I-akhawunti yasebhange iyisevisi yezezimali ebalulekile enikezwa izikhungo zamabhange, evumela abantu ngabanye namabhizinisi ukuthi bafake, baphathe futhi bavikele imali yabo. Lokhu kuwuhlelo lwenkontileka phakathi komnikazi we-akhawunti nebhange, olunikeza ukufinyelela okuphephile ezimalini kanye nezici ezihlukahlukene zezezimali.

I-akhawunti yasebhange inikeza eziningana izinzuzo ezibalulekile. Okokuqala, ivumela abanikazi bama-akhawunti ukuthi faka futhi ugcine imali yabo iphephile. Izimali ezifakwa ku-akhawunti yasebhange ngokuvamile zivikelwe imithetho yasebhange futhi zingabuyiswa uma kudingeka. Lokhu kunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo nokulondeka ngokwezimali.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-akhawunti yasebhange yenza kube lula uku ukuphathwa kokuhwebelana kwezezimali. Abanikazi bama-akhawunti bangafaka imali, bahoxise, badlulise futhi bakhokhe nge-akhawunti yabo, benze imisebenzi yansuku zonke ibe lula kanye nokuthengiselana kwebhizinisi.

Ama-akhawunti asebhange angaxhunyaniswa namakhadi edebhithi noma esikweletu, anikeze ukuguquguquka okukhulu kokuthenga nezinkokhelo.

🥀 I-akhawunti yokulondoloza

Un i-akhawunti yokonga iwuhlobo lwe-akhawunti olunikezwa izikhungo zezezimali ezivumela abantu ukuba bafake imali yabo ukuze bonge futhi bakhulise ukonga kwabo. Inikeza isixazululo esisebenzayo sokubeka eceleni imali nokuyikhulisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Lapho uvula a i-akhawunti yokonga, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukwenza idiphozi yokuqala. Lesi samba singahluka kuye ngezidingo zebhange noma isikhungo sezezimali. Le diphozithi yokuqala ingabhekwa njengesinyathelo sokuqala ekufinyeleleni imigomo yakho yezezimali.

Uma i-akhawunti yakho isivuliwe, imali oyifakile kuyo iqala ukukhiqiza izithakazelo. Inzalo imali oyizuzayo ekongeni kwakho. Zibalwa ngokusekelwe kubhalansi emaphakathi ye-akhawunti yakho esikhathini esithile futhi zengezwa ku-akhawunti yakho ngezikhathi ezithile. Inzalo iyisici esibalulekile ekukhuliseni ukonga kwakho.

Ama-akhawunti okulondoloza angase abe ne isilinganiso senzalo esilungisiwe noma esiguquguqukayo. Izinga lenzalo elingaguquki lisho ukuthi izinga lihlala linjalo isikhathi esithile, kuyilapho izinga lenzalo eliguquguqukayo lingashintshashintsha kuye ngezimo zemakethe kanye nezinqubomgomo zebhange noma zesikhungo sezezimali. Kubalulekile ukuqonda uhlobo lwesilinganiso senzalo esihlotshaniswa ne-akhawunti yakho.

✔️ Izinzuzo ze-akhawunti yokonga

Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile ze-a i-akhawunti yokonga ukuthi inikeza okuthile nokuvikeleka thola imali yakho. Imali yakho ivikelwe yiziqinisekiso nemithethonqubo yezikhungo zezezimali, ukunciphisa ubungozi bokulahlekelwa noma ukweba. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ulale kamnandi wazi ukuthi imali oyilondolozile iphephile.

Enye inzuzo enkulu yi- ukuvinjelwa okunikezwa ngama-akhawunti okonga. Nakuba kungase kube nemingcele ekuhoxisweni, ngokuvamile ungakwazi ukufinyelela imali yakho lapho kudingeka. Lokhu kukunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo kokwazi ukuthi imali oyilondolozile iyatholakala uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo noma ukwenza imisebenzi ebalulekile.

Ama-akhawunti okulondoloza nawo ayithuluzi elibalulekile lokufeza owakho imigomo yezezimali. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulondolozela ukuthenga okukhulu, njengendlu noma imoto, noma ulungiselela ukuthatha umhlalaphansi, i-akhawunti yokulondoloza ingakusiza ukwakha isikhwama esiqinile. Ikuvumela ukuthi ubeke eceleni imali njalo futhi ulandelele inqubekelaphambili yakho ekufezeni imigomo yakho yezezimali.

Ngokuba ne i-akhawunti yokonga, ubuye uthuthukise a isiyalo sezezimali. Ngokuhlukanisa ukonga kwakho ku-akhawunti yakho yokuhlola, ugwema ukusebenzisa imali ngokungananazi futhi ugxile emgomweni wokonga. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi uphathe izimali zakho ngokuzibophezela okukhulu futhi uthuthukise imikhuba emihle yokonga.

✔️ Ukubi kwalolu hlobo lwe-akhawunti

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-akhawunti okulondoloza angase abe nokuthile izimpikiswano. Isibonelo, izilinganiso zenzalo zingase zibe phansi, okungase kukhawulele ukukhula kokonga kwakho. Ukwengeza, ukwehla kwamandla emali kunganciphisa inani langempela lokonga kwakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukucabangela lezi zici lapho uhlela imigomo yakho yezezimali.

Amanye ama-akhawunti okulondoloza angase abeke imikhawulo yokuhoxiswa noma hlanganisa izindleko okuhlobene nokuthengiselana okuthile. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokugcwele imigomo nemibandela ye-akhawunti yakho ngaphambi kokuyivula ukuze ugweme izimanga ezingajabulisi.

Sengiphetha, a i-akhawunti yokonga iyithuluzi elibalulekile lezezimali lokonga nokukhulisa imali yakho. Inikeza izinzuzo ezinjengokuvikeleka, ukuswela imali, ikhono lokuzuza inzalo, nokuziphatha ngokwezezimali.

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukwehla okungaba khona okufana namazinga enzalo aphansi nemikhawulo yokuhoxa. Ngokuhlela okuhlakaniphile nokuphatha okunomthwalo wemfanelo, i-akhawunti yokonga ingakusiza ukufeza izinhloso zakho zezezimali zesikhathi eside.

🥀 I-akhawunti yamanje noma i-akhawunti yokuhlola

Un i-Current Account iwuhlobo lwe-akhawunti yasebhange evumela abantu ukuthi baphathe imisebenzi yabo yezezimali yansuku zonke. Lena i-akhawunti esetshenziselwa ukufaka nokukhipha imali, ukukhokha, ukuthola amadiphozithi omholo, nokuphatha izindleko zansuku zonke.

Uma uvula a i-Current Account, ungenza idiphozithi yokuqala noma umane udlulise imali kwenye i-akhawunti ekhona. Le akhawunti yakhelwe ukusetshenziswa njalo futhi inikeza ukufinyeleleka okuhle emalini yakho.

✔️ Izinzuzo zama-akhawunti amanje

Esinye sezici ezibalulekile a i-Current Account iyona indawo yokufinyelela kwizimali. Ungakwazi ukukhipha imali usebenzisa ikhadi ledebithi elixhunywe ku-akhawunti yakho, ukhokhe ngesheke noma ngokudlulisela nge-elekthronikhi, futhi usebenzise nezinsizakalo zokukhokha ku-inthanethi njengezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula noma izikhwama zemali zedijithali.

Enye inzuzo enkulu ye-akhawunti yamanje yi- ukuguquguquka elikunikezayo mayelana nokuphathwa kwezimali. Ungenza amadiphozithi kanye nokukhipha imali nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, okukuvumela ukuthi ulawule ukuhamba kwakho kwemali ngendlela efanele. Futhi, ungakwazi ukusetha izinkokhelo ezizenzakalelayo ukuze ukhokhe izikweletu zakho ezivamile, okwenza kube lula ukuphatha izimali zakho.

Ama-akhawunti wamanje nawo angasetshenziswa ukwenza thola idiphozithi yomholo. Umqashi wakho angafaka iholo lakho ngqo ku-akhawunti yakho yokuhlola, okukuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele ngokushesha izimali zakho futhi uzisebenzisele izidingo zakho zansuku zonke.

Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yi- nokuvikeleka okunikezwa ngama-akhawunti amanje. Imali yakho ivikelwe iziqinisekiso nemithetho yasebhange, enciphisa ubungozi bokulahlekelwa noma ukweba. Ukwengeza, amabhange avame ukunikeza izinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe njengokuqapha okwenziwayo okusolisayo kanye nekhono lokuvimba ikhadi lakho uma lilahleka noma lebiwa.

✔️ Ukubi kwe-akhawunti yamanje

Nokho, kunezinye izithiyo okufanele zicatshangelwe. Ama-akhawunti amanje kwesinye isikhathi angaqukatha izindleko njengezimali zokugcinwa kwe-akhawunti, izimali zokusebenza noma izinkokhelo zokusebenzisa amasevisi engeziwe. Kubalulekile ukuqonda lezi zinkokhelo bese ukhetha i-akhawunti yokuhlola ehambisana nezidingo zakho zezezimali.

Kafushane, i-akhawunti yamanje inikeza okuhle ukuguquguquka kanye nokufinyelela kalula ezimalini zakho ukuze uphathe ukuthengiselana kwakho kwansuku zonke. Ikuvumela ukuthi uthole amadiphozithi omholo, wenze izinkokhelo futhi uphathe izimali zakho zansuku zonke. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimali ezihambisanayo bese ukhetha i-akhawunti yokuhlola ehlangabezana nezidingo zakho ezithile.

🥀 Ama-akhawunti emakethe yemali (CMM)

Les ama-akhawunti emakethe yemali (CMM) ama-akhawunti okutshalwa kwezimali anikezwa izikhungo zezezimali avumela abatshalizimali ukuthi babeke imali yabo kumathuluzi ezezimali esikhashana. Lawa ma-akhawunti anikezela ngenye indlela kuma-akhawunti okonga endabuko futhi ngokuvamile athathwa njengenketho yokutshala engcuphe encane.

Izinzuzo

Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko ze ama-akhawunti emakethe yemali yithuba lokuhola isithakazelo esiphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nama-akhawunti okulondoloza ajwayelekile. Ama-CMM atshala imali ezibambiso zesikhathi esifushane ezifana nezikweletu zikaMgcinimafa, izitifiketi zediphozithi (ama-CD), namabhondi ezinkampani ezisezingeni eliphezulu.

Ama-CMM nawo ayanikezela high liquidity. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungakwazi ukufinyelela ngokushesha imali yakho ngokukhipha imali noma ngokudlulisela izimali ku-akhawunti yakho yokuhlola. Lokhu kwenza kube inketho ekhangayo kulabo abadinga ukuguquguquka nokutholakala ngokushesha kwezimali zabo.

Enye inzuzo yama-akhawunti emakethe yemali yi- nokuvikeleka ukuthi banikele. Ama-CMM atshala ngokuyinhloko kumathuluzi ezezimali anobungozi obuncane, okunciphisa ubungozi bokulahlekelwa yimali. Ukwengeza, lawa ma-akhawunti ngokuvamile afakwa umshwalense kahulumeni ofika enanini elithile, enikeza ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe kubatshalizimali.

✔️ Ukubi

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-akhawunti emakethe yemali angase abe nawo izimpikiswano. Amazinga enzalo ahlotshaniswa nama-MMC angase ahluke futhi angase athintwe izimo zemakethe. Ukwengeza, imbuyiselo kuma-CMM ingase ibe ngaphansi kunezinye, izinhlobo zesikhathi eside zokutshala izimali, njengezitoko noma amabhondi.

Kafushane, ama-akhawunti emakethe yemali anikezela ngenketho yokutshala imali yesikhashana enembuyiselo ephezulu kunama-akhawunti okonga endabuko. Banikeza imali ephezulu, ukuphepha okukhuphukile kanye nokuhlukahluka kokutshalwa kwezimali.

🥀 Izitifiketi zediphozithi

Les izitifiketi zediphozithi (CD) zingamathuluzi ezezimali esikhathi esifushane anikezwa izikhungo zezezimali. Bavumela abatshalizimali ukuthi bafake inani elithile lemali isikhathi esinqunyiwe futhi bathole inzalo ngembuyiselo. Ama-CD athathwa njengokutshalwa kwezimali okunengcuphe ephansi futhi ngokuvamile anembuyiselo ephezulu kunama-akhawunti okonga endabuko.

Uma utshala imali ku-a isitifiketi sediphozithi, ukhetha ubude besikhathi obuthile, obubizwa ngokuthi isikhathi sokuvuthwa. Lesi sikhathi singahluka kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuye eminyakeni embalwa, kuye ngezinjongo zakho zezezimali kanye nokubekezelela kwakho ubungozi. Ngalesi sikhathi, imali yakho ivinjiwe futhi awukwazi ukufinyelela kuyo ngaphandle kwesijeziso.

Izinzuzo

Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko ze izitifiketi zediphozithi iyona nokuvikeleka ukuthi banikele. Imali yakho ivamise ukufakwa umshwalense nguhulumeni kuze kufike enanini elithile, okusho ukuthi noma ngabe isikhungo sezezimali siqothuka, uzobuyiselwa imali yakho yokuqala. Lokhu kwenza kube utshalomali oluhehayo kulabo abafuna ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe kokonga kwabo.

Ama-CD nawo ayatholakala amanani enzalo angashintshi noma okuguquguqukayo. Izinga lenzalo elingaguquki lisho ukuthi izinga lihlala lingashintshi phakathi nokuphila kwe-CD, kanti izinga eliguquguqukayo lingashintshashintsha kuye ngezimo zemakethe. Izinga lenzalo yama-CD ngokuvamile liphakeme kunama-akhawunti okonga, okuvumela abatshalizimali ukuthi bajabulele imbuyiselo ephezulu ekutshalweni kwabo.

✔️ Ukubi

Esinye isici esibalulekile sezitifiketi zediphozi yi- i-liquidity elinganiselwe. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, awukwazi ukukhipha imali yakho ngaphandle kwenhlawulo. Nokho, uma i-CD isivuthiwe, unenketho yokuhoxisa uthishanhloko wakho wokuqala kanye nanoma iyiphi inzalo enqwabelene.

Izitifiketi zediphozi ziyahlinzeka ukuhlukahluka izimali. Ngokutshala imali kuma-CD ahlukene anezikhathi zokuvuthwa ezintengayo, ungakha iledi lokuvuthwa futhi uzuze emalini engenayo eqhubekayo njengoba ama-CD ekhula.

🥀 I-akhawunti yasebhange yezingane

Les ama-akhawunti asebhange ezinganes ama-akhawunti aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukusiza izingane zifunde ukuphatha imali yazo futhi zithuthukise imikhuba emihle yezimali kusukela zisencane. Lawa ma-akhawunti ngokuvamile avulwa abazali noma abagadi abasemthethweni egameni lengane.

Izinzuzo

Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile ze ama-akhawunti asebhange ezingane yithuba lokufundisa izingane ukubaluleka kwemali nokuphatha kahle izimali. Lawa ma-akhawunti avumela izingane ukuba zifake imali eziyithola njengezipho, ephaketheni lazo noma kunoma yimuphi omunye umthombo. Lokhu kubanika ithuba lokufunda ukonga, ukusebenzisa imali ngobuhlakani kanye nokubeka imigomo yezezimali.

Ama-akhawunti asebhange ezingane nawo ayatholakala ukwanda kokuphepha ngemali yezingane. Izimali ezifakwe kulawa ma-akhawunti ngokuvamile zivikelwe iziqinisekiso nemithetho yasebhange, okunciphisa ubungozi bokulahlekelwa noma ukweba. Lokhu kwenza abazali bazizwe beqiniseka ngokwazi ukuthi imali yezingane zabo iphephile.

Lawa ma-akhawunti angase futhi anikeze izici ezikhethekile ezilungele izingane. Ngokwesibonelo, amanye amabhange anikeza izingane amakhadi edebithi akhethekile avumela ukuhoxiswa okulinganiselwe noma izinkokhelo ezilawulwayo. Lokhu kuvumela izingane ukuthi zifunde ukusebenzisa ikhadi ledebhithi ngokuzibophezela futhi ziqonde imiqondo yokusebenzisa imali nemikhawulo yezezimali.

Ukwengeza, ama-akhawunti asebhange ezingane angaba yithuba elihle lokufundisa izingane mayelana ukuphathwa kwentshisekelo. Amanye ama-akhawunti anikeza izilinganiso zenzalo ezithile zezingane, ezivumela ukuthi zibone ukuthi imali yazo ingakhula kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenzalo ezuziwe.

Lokhu kungaba yindlela ephumelelayo yokukhuthaza ukonga kwesikhathi eside nokugxilisa imibono yenzuzo nokusebenza kwezimali.

🥀 I-akhawunti yomuntu ngamunye yomhlalaphansi

I-akhawunti Yomhlalaphansi Yomuntu Ngamunye (IRA) iwuhlobo lwe-akhawunti yokulondoloza eklanyelwe ukusiza abantu ngabanye bongele umhlalaphansi. Ama-IRA anikezela ngezinzuzo zentela futhi avumela abantu ukuthi babekele eceleni imali yekusasa labo lezezimali.

Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-a i-akhawunti yomhlalaphansi yomuntu ngamunye ithuba lokuzuza ezinzuzweni zentela. Kuye ngohlobo lwe-IRA, iminikelo ingase idonswe intela, okusho ukuthi ungakwazi ukunciphisa imali engenayo ekhokhiswa intela kulo nyaka wentela wamanje. Izinzuzo ezenziwe ku-akhawunti nazo ngokuvamile azikhokhi intela uze uqale ukukhipha izimali uma usuthatha umhlalaphansi.

Ama-IRA nawo anikeza ukuhlukahluka kwezinketho zokutshala izimali. Ungakhetha ohlwini lwezinketho zokutshala izimali, njengezitoko, amabhondi, izimali ezihlanganyelwe nezitifiketi zediphozi, kuye ngokubekezelela kwakho ubungozi kanye nemigomo yezezimali. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi udale iphothifoliyo ehlukahlukene engakhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Enye inzuzo enkulu ye-akhawunti yomuntu ngamunye yomhlalaphansi yi- ukuguquguquka elikunikezayo mayelana nokuhoxiswa kwemali. Nakuba kunemikhawulo yobudala kanye nezinhlawulo zokuhoxa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ungaqala ukukhipha izimali kusukela eminyakeni engu-59½ ngaphandle kwesijeziso. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uhlelele umhlalaphansi wakho futhi ube nemali yokukhokhela izidingo zakho zezimali zesikhathi eside.

🌿 Ngamafuphi...

Noma ngabe ufuna i-akhawunti yamanje yokuphatha imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, i-akhawunti yokonga ongayenza khulisa ukonga kwakho, i-akhawunti yemakethe yemali yokutshala imali yesikhashana noma i-akhawunti yomhlalaphansi yomuntu ngamunye ukuze ulungiselele ikusasa lakho lezezimali, kukhona ongakhetha kukho.

Ama-akhawunti asebhange e-Afrika anikeza izinzuzo ezifana nokuvikeleka, ukufinyelela kalula izimali, ukuhlukahluka kokutshalwa kwezimali namathuba okufunda ezezimali. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumuntu oyedwa, usomabhizinisi noma ibhizinisi, kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo lwe-akhawunti olufaneleka kangcono izidingo zakho kanye nesimo sakho sezezimali.

Akunandaba ukuthi ukhetha yiphi i-akhawunti yasebhange e-Afrika, kubalulekile ukugcina ukuphathwa kwezimali okunesibopho futhi usebenzele ezinhlosweni zakho zezezimali zesikhathi eside. Ama-akhawunti asebhange angaba neqhaza elikhulu ekufezeni izifiso zakho zezezimali futhi abe negalelo ekuzinzeni kwakho kwezezimali nasekukhuleni komnotho wakho.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uhambe, nakhu ukuqeqeshwa okukufundisayo indlela yokuthengisa izeluleko ku-inthanethi. Chofoza lapha ukuze uyithenge.

Qhubeka, sikufisela inhlanhla