Iyini iZakat?

Minyaka yonke, ikakhulukazi phakathi nenyanga yeRamadan, amaSulumane ngobuningi emhlabeni wonke akhokha imali eyimpoqo ebizwa ngeZakat, umsuka wayo ngesi-Arabhu usho ukuthi "ubumsulwa". Ngakho-ke i-Zakat ibhekwa njengendlela yokuhlanza nokuhlanza imali engenayo nengcebo walokho okungenzeka ngezinye izikhathi kube izindlela zezwe nezingcolile zokuzuza, ukuze uthole isibusiso sikaNkulunkulu. Njengoba ingenye yezinsika ezinhlanu zamaSulumane, iQuran nama-hadith anikeza imiyalelo enemininingwane yokuthi lesi sibopho kufanele sigcwaliseke kanjani futhi nini amaSulumane.

Iyini ngempela i-zakat?

IZakat insika yesithathu yamaSulumane. Lesi yisipho esiyimpoqo esimelela u-2,5% womcebo wamaSulumane esikhathini esingangonyaka. Kuhloswe ukuhlanza ingcebo yethu ukuze kusivuse ngokomoya. Ihlanza izinhliziyo zethu ebugovuni futhi iqinisekisa abampofu bomphakathi isivikelo endlaleni nobumpofu.

Enye yemibono eyiphutha ethandwayo ukuthi iZakat iwuhlobo lwentela, kodwa empeleni iyisibopho esingokomoya okuzodingeka siphendule ngaso. Idlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni abampofu kakhulu ngokubanikeza okwanele ukuze baphile futhi ibasize baphume ebumpofu.

Yiziphi izinto okufanele ikhokhwe ngazo iZakat?

I-Zakat ikhokhwa ezinhlotsheni ezithile zemikhiqizo yezolimo, imfuyo, izimpahla zentengiso, ingcebo yemali, nezinye izigaba ezingavamile. Kusebenza engcebweni yazo zonke izinhlobo, emfuyweni yazo zonke izinhlobo, nasekukhiqizweni kwezimpahla nemikhiqizo yazo zonke izinhlobo. Kodwa-ke, izindlela zokukhiqiza, izinto zomuntu siqu ezisetshenziswa nsuku zonke kanye nenani elincane elinqunyiwe elibizwa ngokuthi i-Nisab likhululekile ekukhokhweni kweZakat. I-Zakat iba yisibopho lapho sifika eNisab yanoma yisiphi salezi zigaba futhi siyigcine unyaka wenyanga.

I-athikili okufanele ifundwe: Ungaphatha kanjani ngempumelelo ithimba lokuthengisa?

Ezinye izibonelo zezimpahla ezifanele iZakat zifaka ukonga, amasheya, ukheshi, indawo yokutshala imali, imali engenayo yebhizinisi, noma izinsimbi eziyigugu, njengegolide.

Ubani okufanele akhokhe iZakat?

Noma yimuphi umSulumane onengcebo engaphezu kwe-Nisab, inani elincane umSulumane okufanele abe nalo ngaphambi kokuphoqwa ukuba akhokhe iZakat, unesibopho sokukhokha iZakat. I-Nisab ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengemali elingana nama-ounces angu-3 -87,48 amagremu- egolide noma ama-ounces angu-21 -612,36 amagremu- esiliva.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukusebenzisa amanani akamuva egolide nesiliva njengoba izinga lawo lishintshashintsha njalo emakethe. Kwamanye amazwe, iziphathimandla zenkolo zibeka lemali ngokuqondile ngemali yezwe.

I-athikili okufanele ifundwe: Yiziphi izimiso eziyisisekelo ze-Islamic Finance?

Umuntu uyophoqeleka ukuthi akhokhe iZakat, inqobo nje uma umcebo ubulokhu usezandleni zakhe okungenani unyaka owodwa wenyanga, kubalwa kusukela ngosuku eyatholwa ngalo okokuqala. I-Nisab yemikhiqizo yezolimo inqunyelwe kuma-wasaq angu-5 (cishe ama-653 kg) kanti i-Nisab yezinkomo igxilwe ezinkomeni ezingu-30 nezimbuzi ezingu-40.

Isilinganiso se-Zakat

I-Zakat isho intela engu-2,5% engcebweni, i-5% yazo zonke izinto ezikhiqizwa ukusebenzisana kwabasebenzi nemali, u-10% entweni ekhiqizwa isici esiyisisekelo sokukhiqiza okuwumsebenzi kuphela noma imali kuphela kanye no-20% emalini noma emikhiqizweni. okuzuza kwakhe akudingi umsebenzi noma imali, kodwa kuyisipho esivela kuNkulunkulu. Nansi indlela iZakat eqoqwa ngayo emfuyweni:

Izinkomo: Ithole elinonyaka owodwa izinkomo ezingamashumi amathathu kanye nethole elineminyaka emibili ubudala ngama-40.

Izimbuzi: Kusukela ku-40 kuya ku-120: imbuzi. Kusukela ku-121 kuya ku-200: izimbuzi ezimbili. Kusukela ku-201 kuya ku-300: izimbuzi ezintathu. Bese kuba ngu-100 ngaphezulu: imbuzi.

Iqoqwa kanjani iZakat?

Indlela yendabuko, kanye nomkhuba ngesikhathi somProfethi, ukuthula kube kuye, ukuthi ukuqoqwa nokwabiwa kweZakat kuwumthwalo wemfanelo yomuntu osegunyeni phakathi kwamaSulumane emphakathini. Lokhu-ke kuqoka abantu abathenjwayo nabanolwazi ngemithetho yeZakat ukuthi bayiqoqe futhi basabalalise.

Nakuba namuhla ezindaweni eziningi kuthiwa igunya alikho noma alinawo amandla okuliqoqa nokulisabalalisa futhi ezinye izikhungo nezinhlangano zithatha indawo yalo, okungenzeka, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi, ngokweFiqh, ukuqoqwa nokusabalalisa, I-Zakat iyisibopho somholi womphakathi ngoba inengxenye ebalulekile yezenhlalo nezepolitiki.

Isakazwa kanjani i-zakat?

IZakat kumele yabiwe kuqala endaweni lapho iqoqwa khona kwesinye sezigaba ezingayithola futhi kungamandla omuntu osegunyeni noma labo abathumile ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izigaba ezidinga ukunakwa kakhulu, inqobo nje uma ngaphakathi kwemingcele ebekiwe.

I-athikili okufanele ifundwe: Kungani kubalulekile ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi benkampani?

Abantu abawela emikhakheni engase bathole iZakat bangacela izinhlangano noma abantu abanomthwalo wokuyisabalalisa ukuba babanike yona, futhi zona lezo zinhlangano nabantu bangakwazi ukuyabela abantu abaswele ngaphandle kokucela kwabo.

Ubani ongathola iZakat?

I-Quran isho ngokwezigaba izigaba eziyisishiyagalombili zabantu abangathola iZakat evesini elilandelayo:

“Impela, ukupha ngokwabampofu nabampofu, kulabo abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokukuqoqa kanye nalabo izinhliziyo zabo ezifisa ukuheha, kube yizigqila ezikhululekile, kwabakweletayo, ngenxa yendlela kaAllah kanye neyomhambi. Kuwuhlelo oluyisibopho oluvela kuNkulunkulu futhi uNkulunkulu wazi konke, uhlakaniphile”. (9:60)

Labo abangakwazi ukuthola iZakat yilaba:

• Abacebile
• Abampofu abanamandla nabakwazi ukusebenza, kodwa abafuni.
• Izihlubuki kanye disbelievers ngenkuthalo ukulwa Islam.
• Umndeni woMprofethi (ukuthula_kube_phezu_kuye).
• Inzalo yomnikezi weZakat (abantwana, abazukulu, njll.)
• Amadlozi omuntu omnikayo (abazali, ogogo nomkhulu, njll.)