Iyini i-Crowdfunding?

Iyini i-crowdfunding? Lo mbuzo uhlanganisa ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko lesi sihloko esifuna ukuphendula. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola umqondo we-crowdfunding, a indlela yokuxhasa ngezimali ukubamba iqhaza osekuduma kakhulu kosomabhizinisi base-Afrika. I-crowdfunding yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqongelela izimali ezithamelini eziningi, kusetshenziswa izinkundla ezizinikele ze-inthanethi.

Le ndlela yokuxhasa ngezimali ingasiza osomabhizinisi ukwenza amaphrojekthi abo nokuthuthukisa ibhizinisi labo, ngokubanikeza enye indlela yemithombo yendabuko yokuxhasa ngezimali.

Kulesi sihloko, sizochaza ukuthi i-crowdfunding isebenza kanjani, izinzuzo nezinkinga zale ndlela, kanye nezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zomkhankaso wokuthola imali oyimpumelelo. ngezimali e-Afrika. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi siqale, nakhu Ungaphuma kanjani esikweletini?

Asambe !!

⛳️ Yini i-crowdfunding?

I-crowdfunding, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-crowdfunding, iyindlela uxhaso ngokubambisana okuvumela osomabhizinisi, abadali noma abaholi bephrojekthi ukuthi baqoqe imali enanini elikhulu labantu.

Le ndlela yokuxhasa ngezimali ivamise ukusetshenziselwa amaphrojekthi amasiko, ezobuciko, ezenhlalo noma ezemvelo, kodwa futhi ingasetshenziselwa amaphrojekthi amabhizinisi kanye nezohwebo.

Ngokungafani nezindlela zendabuko zokuthola imali, uxhaso lwezimali olubambe iqhaza luvumela abagqugquzeli bephrojekthi ukuthi baqoqe imali ngokuqondile emphakathini onentshisekelo yephrojekthi yabo, ngaphandle kokungena kubaxhumanisi bezezimali bendabuko njengamabhange noma abatshalizimali be-venture capital.

Le ndlela futhi ivumela abanikelayo ukuthi batshale imali encane kumaphrojekthi abalulekile kubo futhi babambe iqhaza empumelelweni yabo.

I-crowdfunding isiye yaduma kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva ngenxa yokuvela kwezinkundla zokuqoqa imali ku-inthanethi, ezisiza inqubo yokuqongelela imali futhi zivumele abathuthukisi bephrojekthi ukuthi bafinyelele izithameli eziningi ezingaba negalelo.

🌿 Ngabe i-crowdfunding isebenza kanjani?

Kulolu hlobo lwezimali, amaqembu amabili ahlanganiswa. Umlondolozi ofisa ukutshala isamba esithile semali kuphrojekthi akholelwa kuyo. Nomphathi walo msebenzi ongenazo izimali ezidingekayo ukuze awenze.

Bobabili bayahlangana inthanethi ngokusebenzisa inkundla ezinikele. Amaphrojekthi ethulwa ngabaxhasi bawo futhi abalondolozi bakhetha ukuxhasa labo abanentshisekelo kukho lokho abafisa ukukutshala.

Ziningi izindlela zokubamba iqhaza zezimali ezikhona: umnikelo (ngokucabangela noma ngaphandle kokucatshangelwa), imalimboleko (nenzalo noma ngaphandle kwayo) kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali.

🌿 Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-crowdfunding

I-crowdfunding ingathatha izinhlobo eziningi. Siyahlukanisa izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-crowdfunding:

✔️ Iminikelo

Ukwenza umnikelo uwukunikeza okuthile umuntu wesithathu ngaphandle kwesinxephezelo. Ngokwenza umnikelo kumholi wephrojekthi, umsebenzisi we-inthanethi unikela ekuthuthukisweni kwalo mcimbi ngaphandle kokulindela ukubuyiselwa okuthile.

Kodwa-ke, umtshali-zimali uvame ukuvuzwa ngokomfanekiso. Ngempela, uma kuyifilimu ngokwesibonelo, igama lakhe lingavela kumakhredithi. Into yokuphromotha ingase yabelwe kuyo. Lolu hlobo lwe-crowdfunding lwenza kube lula ukukhangisa le phrojekthi, ukuze umgqugquzeli akwazi ukufuna uxhaso.

✔️ Ukulingana kwesixuku

Ukulingana kwesixuku kuyindlela yokuqoqa imali evele ngo-2014. Ngalolu hlobo loxhaso, abatshalizimali bathola ngokubuyisela ingxenye yamasheya enkampani. Kwezinye izimo, leli fomu inikeza izinzuzo zentela kubatshalizimali bayo. Ngempela, ngokusekela iphrojekthi ngokugcwala kwabantu, umtshali-zimali ubamba ingxenye yenhloko-dolobha yenkampani.

Ukuze uzuze kulolu hlobo lwezimali, izimo ezithile kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nazo. Imikhankaso ye-Crowd-equity ibekelwe kuphela amagama angaziwa e-Sociétés en Actions Simplifiées kanye ne-Sociétés.

Lokhu kubeka engcupheni kusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi kumaphrojekthi amakhulu uma kubhekwa amanani amakhulu.

✔️ ukuboleka isixuku

I-crowd-lending yisigaba esingaphansi se-crowdfunding. Iqukethe amaphrojekthi okuxhasa ngezimali zithunyelwe ngaphansi kwamapulatifomu ngemali mboleko ibhaliswe ngumphakathi.

I-Crowdlending yethulwa ezisekelweni zokuqoqa imali lapho amabhange awakwazi ukulandela lolu hlobo lokutshala imali. Kanjalo, izabelomali zeziphathimandla zendawo ziyazuza ngokuqalisa le ndlela yokuqoqa imali.

🌿 Izinzuzo ze-crowdfunding

Ngokungafani nezinye izindlela zokuxhasa ngemali, i-crowdfunding inenqwaba yezinzuzo.

✔️ Inzuzo yokuqala: ucwaningo lwemakethe olubiza kancane

Inzuzo yokuqala ye-Crowdfunding ingaphezu kwayo yonke imali. Ivumela umholi wephrojekthi ukuthi enze uhlobo oluthile lwezifundo zemakethe ngezindleko eziphansi.

Le nzuzo yezezimali ingesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi umgqugquzeli wephrojekthi asebenzise iqhaza lezezimali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivumela abatshalizimali ukuthi bazuze ngezeluleko nokusekelwa. Ezinye zingazuzisa kakhulu.

✔️ Isipho

I-Philanthropic crowdfunding noma i-crowdfunding ngomnikelo iqhutshwa amandla omphakathi kanye nesixuku esibuthana kuphrojekthi ebayengile.

Isipho ku crowdfunding kudinga umsebenzi omncane okhuphukayo kunezinye izindlela zokuxhasa ngezimali (imalimboleko kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali ezinkulu). Kulula ngoba abanikelayo abadingi ukuthi bagcwalise noma yimuphi umbhalo wokuphatha, ikhadi lasebhange lanele. Ngenxa yalokho, isikhathi senqubo yokuxhasa ngezimali sifushane.

✔️ Ingozi ephansi

Eqinisweni, umholi wephrojekthi akazibeka engozini yokuhlanjululwa. Ngakho-ke uzogcina amandla akhe okwenza izinqumo futhi akazibophezeli ukukhokha imali ebolekiwe.

Ku-crowdfunding, ukuxhumana kuyinzuzo enkulu. Ngesikhathi somkhankaso, umholi wohlelo kuzomele akhulume ngombono wakhe wokuheha ababambe iqhaza. Ngaphandle kwesici sezezimali, i iqhaza lezezimali futhi uthola incazelo kulesi sikhathi sokuxhumana okukhulu.

🌿 Les Ububi beCrowdfunding

Nakuba kunezinzuzo, i-crowdfunding nayo inemibi.

✔️ Izindleko zamandla ezibiza kakhulu

Udinga ukutshala ingxenye enhle yesikhathi sakho ekuxhumaneni. Ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi somkhankaso lapho ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo ukuze kuvuse ugqozi lomphakathi ukuba uxhase lo msebenzi kudingekile.

Eqinisweni, ukungaphumeleli emkhankasweni we crowdfunding kungase kwehlise isithunzi esithombeni sephrojekthi. Ngempela, umkhankaso iqhaza lezezimali kungabonwa njengesilinganiso sokwethembeka kumakhasimende akho, umphakathi wakho.

✔️ Izindleko eziphakeme kakhulu

Ungaphezulu kubiza kunemalimboleko yasebhange. Uma uthumela iphrojekthi yakho endaweni ye-crowdfunding, ukhokha ikhomishini kule nkundla, esebenza njengomlamuli. Le khomishana iyahlukahluka kuye ngomsamo futhi ekhokhiswayo uma kwenzeka impumelelo.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zindleko, kubalulekile ukucabangela izindleko zokuxhumana. Sonke lesi sikhathi awunaso isiqiniseko sokuthi uzoxhaswa ngezimali. Uma uphumelele, kuCrowdlending uzokhokha inzalo enanini elitholiwe. Kodwa-ke, amaphrojekthi aqoqwe ngempumelelo kuphela azothunyelwa.

✔️Lukwehliswa kwamasheya

Kungenzeka ukuthi awusahlali ungumnikazi wedwa wephrojekthi. Ulahlekelwa amandla akho okwenza izinqumo.

Ukuncishiswa kwamasheya kwenzeka ikakhulukazi uma sisesimweni sokulingana kwesixuku. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele ucabangisise ngamalungiselelo okuxhaswa ngezimali ukuze ungalahlekelwa ukulawula ibhizinisi lakho.

✔️ Ukwebiwa kwemibonos

Abantu abaningi bangebiwa imibono yabo. Iqiniso liwukuthi amaphrojekthi athunyelwe afinyeleleka kuwo wonke umuntu futhi andisa ingozi yokweba.

✔️ Ingozi yezezimali

Umholi wephrojekthi ubhekene nengozi yezezimali; kumele axhumane, ondle futhi aphathe umkhankaso wakhe iqhaza lezezimali. Lonke lolu hlelo lunezindleko futhi akufanele lushaywe indiva. Ukuhambisa iphrojekthi endaweni yesikhulumi crowdfunding ukunikela kumahhala.

⛳️ Ungazuza kanjani ekuqoqeni imali

Ukuzuza ekuqoqeni imali ngephrojekthi yakho kudinga ukulungiswa okuqinile kanye nokwethulwa okugculisayo kwephrojekthi yakho. Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokwandisa amathuba akho okuphumelela:

⚡️Khetha inkundla

Kunezinkundla eziningi ze-crowdfunding ezitholakalayo, ngayinye enemigomo nezici zayo. Kuzodingeka ukhethe leyo evumelana kangcono nezidingo zakho kanye nephrojekthi yakho.

⚡️Chaza inani elizoqoqwa

Kufanele unqume inani olidingayo ukuze uxhase iphrojekthi yakho. Kubalulekile ukuba neqiniso futhi ucabangele izindleko ezihambisana nomkhankaso wokuxhasa ngemali abantu abaningi, njengezinkokhelo zenkundla nemiklomelo yabanikeli.

⚡️Dala ikhasi lomkhankaso

Uzodinga ukudala ikhasi lomkhankaso elikhangayo elichaza ngokusobala iphrojekthi yakho, imigomo yayo, kanye nemiklomelo etholakala kubanikeli. Leli khasi kufanele liklanywe kahle futhi liphoqelele ukuheha abanikeli.

⚡️Lungiselela ividiyo yesethulo

Ividiyo yesethulo ingasiza ukuchaza iphrojekthi yakho ngendlela eguquguqukayo futhi ivuse intshisekelo yabangase babe negalelo. Ividiyo kufanele ibe mfushane, ihehe futhi ifundise.

⚡️Nyusa umkhankaso wakho

Uma umkhankaso wakho usubukhoma, uzodinga ukuwuphromotha ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, kubangani nomndeni, nasemithonjeni yezindaba ukuze uhehe ababambiqhaza. Uma ubonakala kakhulu, maningi amathuba okuba uphumelele ngomkhankaso wakho.

⚡️Phatha umkhankaso

Uzodinga ukugada umkhankaso wakho eduze, uphendule imibuzo evela kwabangase babe ngabasekeli, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi imiklomelo ilethwa ngesikhathi. Uma umkhankaso wakho ufinyelela umgomo wawo wokuqongelela imali, ungaqoqa izimali kubanikeli futhi usebenzise iphrojekthi yakho.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi inkundla ngayinye ye-crowdfunding ingaba nezidingo ezengeziwe nezinyathelo okufanele zilandelwe. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufunda izimo zesikhulumi ngaphambi kokuqala umkhankaso wakho.

⛳️Ezinye izinkundla zokuqoqa imali

Kunezinkundla eziningi zokuqoqa imali, ngayinye enezici zayo nezimo zayo. Nazi izibonelo:

⚡️I-Kickstarter

I-Kickstarter iyinkundla ye-crowdfunding ku-inthanethi eyakhiwe ngo-2009. Ivumela abaholi bephrojekthi ukuthi bethule umbono wabo futhi bacele izimali emphakathini walabo abangaba umnikelo. Ukuxhaswa ngezimali kuyindlela yeminikelo., futhi abahlanganyeli bathola isinxephezelo sokushintshana esishiwo umholi wephrojekthi.

Ukuze wethule iphrojekthi ku-Kickstarter, kufanele uqale uthumele isiphakamiso ethimbeni lenkundla, elihlola ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwephrojekthi. Uma isiphakamiso samukelwe, umholi wephrojekthi angakwazi ke dala ikhasi lesethulo kusayithi.

Leli khasi kufanele libe nencazelo eningiliziwe yephrojekthi, isabelomali sesikhashana kanye nohlu lwesinxephezelo esinikezwa abanikeli.

Uma kuqala umkhankaso wokuxhasa ngezimali abantu abaningi, umholi wephrojekthi kumele ahlanganise umphakathi wakhe futhi asebenzise izinkundla zokuxhumana ukuze amemezele iphrojekthi yakhe futhi akhuthaze abantu ukuthi babambe iqhaza. Kubalulekile futhi uku beka umgomo ongokoqobo wokuqongelela imali, kucatshangelwa izindleko zesikhulumi kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza iphrojekthi.

Uma umkhankaso usuqalisiwe, umholi wephrojekthi kumele abuyekeze njalo ikhasi lakhe lesethulo ukuze azise abahlanganyeli ngenqubekelaphambili yephrojekthi futhi abakhuthaze ukuthi babelane ngayo nenethiwekhi yabo.

Uma umgomo woxhaso ufinyelelwa, umholi wephrojekthi uthola izimali eziqoqiwe, kukhishwe izimali zenkundla. Uma umgomo ungafinyelelwa, abanikelayo bayabuyiselwa futhi umholi wephrojekthi akatholi lutho.

⚡️Ulule

Ulule iyinkundla yesiFulentshi ye-crowdfunding egxile kumaphrojekthi wokudala, amasha kanye nobumbano. Yasungulwa ngo-2010, isibe enye yezinkundla ezihamba phambili zokuqoqa imali e-Europe ngezingaphezu kwalokho 29 amaphrojekthi axhaswe kuze kube manje.

I-Ulule inikeza izinhlobo ezimbili zezimali: uxhaso lwezimali kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwangaphambili. Uxhaso lwemali luvumela abanikelayo ukuthi basekele iphrojekthi ngokwezimali ngaphandle kokulindela ukubuyiselwa okuthile.

Uxhaso lwangaphambi kokudayiswa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, luvumela abanikeli ukuthi bathenge imikhiqizo ehlobene nephrojekthi noma amasevisi ngaphambi kokuba baye emakethe.

Ukuze uzuze ekuxhaseni ngezimali Ulule, kubalulekile thula iphrojekthi yokuqamba, eqanjiwe neyokuqala. Iphrojekthi kumele futhi ichazwe ngokucacile futhi ichazwe ekhasini lomkhankaso, ngezithombe namavidiyo wekhwalithi.

Kubalulekile futhi ukunikeza imiklomelo ekhangayo kubanikeli, kuye ngezinga labo lokubamba iqhaza. Okokugcina, kunconywa ukuthi ukhuthaze umkhankaso wakho ezinkundleni zokuxhumana futhi ufune ukusekelwa umphakathi wakho.

⚡️KissKissBankBank

KissKissBankBank iyinkundla ye-crowdfunding eyasungulwa ngo-2009 eFrance. Ivumela abaholi bephrojekthi ukuthi baqoqe izimali kubantu ngabanye, ukuze bathole isinxephezelo.

Ngokungafani ne-Kickstarter, okuyinkundla enkulu yokuthola imali yabantu abaningi, i-KissKissBankBank igxile kuyo. amaphrojekthi amancane kanye namaphrojekthi obuciko njengamamuvi, izincwadi, amaphrojekthi wobuciko, amaphrojekthi omculo, amaphrojekthi webhizinisi, njll.

Ukuqala, abagqugquzeli bephrojekthi kumele bakhe ikhasi lephrojekthi endaweni yesikhulumi, elichaza umbono wabo, inhloso yabo yokuxhasa ngemali, ama-counterparties anikezwayo, kanye nemininingwane yephrojekthi ngokwayo.

Uma ikhasi lephrojekthi selibukhoma, ukuqoqwa kwezimali kungaqala. Abanikeli bangakhetha ukunikela ngenani lemali ukuze bathole imiklomelo. I-KissKissBankBank isebenzisa uhlelo lwezimali “ vuma wena okusho ukuthi abagqugquzeli bephrojekthi kufanele bafinyelele umgomo wabo wokuthola imali ukuze bathole izimali.

Ekugcineni, uma ukuqoqwa kwezimali sekuqediwe, abaholi bephrojekthi bangaqala ukwenza iphrojekthi yabo, futhi abanikelayo bazothola imivuzo yabo. I-KissKissBankBank ikhokhisa a 5% ikhomishini yezimali eziqoqiwe, kanye nenkokhelo engu-3% yeminikelo yekhadi lesikweletu.

⚡️I-Indiegogo

Indiegogo kungenye inkundla ye-crowdfunding evumela abanikazi bephrojekthi ukuthi baqoqe imali enanini elikhulu labanikelayo, elibizwa ngokuthi “abaxhasi".

Yasungulwa ngo-2008, inkundla isibe ngomunye wabadlali abakhulu embonini yokuqoqa izimali zabantu abaningi, ngamaphrojekthi asukela ekuqaleni kwezobuchwepheshe kuya kumaphrojekthi wobuciko nokudala.

I-Indiegogo inikezela ngezinhlobo ezimbili zemikhankaso yokuqoqa imali ngabantu abaningi: imikhankaso ye-crowdfunding konke noma lutho ngezimali kanye nemikhankaso ye ezezimali eziguquguqukayo.

Emkhankasweni wokuqongelela konke noma lutho, umholi wephrojekthi kufanele afinyelele umgomo onqunyelwe wokuqongelela imali ukuze athole izimali eziqoqiwe. Emkhankasweni oguquguqukayo wokuqongelela imali, umholi wephrojekthi angakwazi ukugcina izimali eziqoqiwe, ngisho noma engakafinyeleli umgomo wakhe wokuthola imali.

⛳️I-FAQ

Ingabe wonke amaphrojekthi angazuza ku-crowdfunding?

A: Cha, Zonke izinkundla ze-crowdfunding zinemibandela yokukhetha yamaphrojekthi afanelekile. Kubalulekile ukufunda izimo ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo.

Ingakanani iphesenti lekhomishini ethathwe izinkundla zokuqoqa imali?

IMP: Kuncike kumapulatifomu, kodwa ngokuvamile athatha iphesenti lemali eqoqwe kusukela I-5% kuya ku-10%. Kubalulekile ukufunda izimo ngokucophelela ukuze ugweme ukumangala okungajabulisi.

Ungayethula kanjani kahle iphrojekthi yakho endaweni ye-crowdfunding?

IMP: Kubalulekile ukwethula iphrojekthi ecacile, ehlelwe kahle evusa isithakazelo. Kuyadingeka futhi ukulungiselela ividiyo ekhangayo nenemininingwane eminingi. Kuyatuswa futhi ukunikeza imiklomelo ekhangayo kubanikeli.

Kwenzekani uma umgomo woxhaso ungafinyelelwa?

IMP: Kuncike kumapulatifomu, kodwa ngokuvamile abanikeli babuyiselwa imali uma umgomo wokuqongelela imali ungafinyelelwanga.

Ingabe zikhona izimali ezengeziwe ongazikhokha ngaphandle kwekhomishini yesikhulumi?

IMP: Ezinye izinkundla zingakhokhisa izimali ezengeziwe zokudlulisa izimali noma ngokusebenzisa amasevisi athile.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuvikeleka kokwenziwe kumapulatifomu e-crowdfunding?

IMP: Izinkundla zokuqoqa imali zinezinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze zivikele abanikeli nabanikazi bephrojekthi. Kubalulekile ukufunda izimo ngokucophelela ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nalezi zinyathelo zokuphepha.

Kukuwe ukuthi udlale, wabelane, uthande futhi usinikeze umbono wakho kumacomments