Iqhaza lebhange elikhulu kwezomnotho ezisathuthuka?

Ibhange elikhulu kwezomnotho lidlala izindima zendabuko nezingezona ezendabuko. Umsebenzi wayo ovamile ukusebenza njengomphathi wezimpahla zezikweletu ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwentengo. Ilawula umthamo wesikweletu nemali, ukupompa imali eningi lapho imakethe ishoda ekuthengeni nasekudleni imali lapho kunesikweletu eseqile.

Imisebenzi eyinhloko yendabuko elikufezayo kuwukuphela kodaba lwamanothi, umnikazi webhange kahulumeni, ibhange lamabhange, umbolekisi wesinyathelo sokugcina, umlawuli wesikweletu nokugcinwa kwezinga lokushintshisana elizinzile.

Kodwa-ke, imisebenzi yayo engeyona eyendabuko ukufaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wamazwe. Kafushane, nazi izindima ezihlukene zebhange elikhulu. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi uqale, nansi ukuqeqeshwa kwe-premium okuzokwenza ikuvumela ukuthi wazi zonke izimfihlo zokuphumelela kuPodcast.

???? Ukudalwa kanye nokwandiswa kwezikhungo zezimali

Enye yezinhloso zebhange elikhulu ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwemali nezikweletu zezwe. Amabhange engeziwe nezikhungo zezezimali kudingeka adalwe ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngezinsiza zezikweletu ezinkulu futhi kuchezukiswe ukonga ngokuzithandela kube imigudu ekhiqizayo.

Izikhungo zezezimali zitholakala emadolobheni amakhulu emazweni asathuthuka futhi zihlinzeka ngezinsiza zezikweletu ezindaweni, emasimini, ezindlini ezinkulu zezimboni nezamabhizinisi.

Ukubhekana nalokhu, ibhange elikhulu kufanele lidlulisele amagatsha emabhange ezindaweni zasemakhaya ukuze abalimi, osomabhizinisi abancane kanye nabahwebi bathole izikweletu. Emazweni asathuthuka, amabhange ezentengiselwano hlinzeka ngemalimboleko yesikhashana kuphela.

Izinsiza zezikweletu ezindaweni zasemakhaya azikho kakhulu. Okuwukuphela komthombo umbolekisi wemali wasesigodini okhokhisa inzalo emba eqolo.

Isihloko esizofundwa: Uhlelo lwezezimali lwamaSulumane lapho kubhekene nokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke

Ukubamba kombolekisi wasemakhaya ezindaweni zasemaphandleni kungaxegiswa uma izinhlelo ezintsha zezikhungo zenziwa ibhange elikhulu ukunikeza abalimi isikweletu sesikhathi esifushane, esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside ngamanani enzalo aphansi. Inethiwekhi yezinhlangano zezikweletu ezisebenzisanayo enamabhange amakhulu axhaswe ngezimali yibhange elikhulu ingasiza ekuxazululeni inkinga.

Ngokunjalo, ingasiza ekusungulweni kwamabhange omthofu futhi, ngawo, amabhange asezindaweni zasemakhaya ahlinzeke ngezinsiza zezikweletu kubalimi abancane, abasebenzi bezolimo abangenamhlaba kanye nezinye izigaba ezibuthakathaka.

Ngezinsizakusebenza eziningi ezikhona, ibhange elikhulu lingasiza futhi ukusungula amabhange ezimboni kanye nezinkampani zezimali ukuze kuxhaswe izimboni ezinkulu nezincane.

???? Ukulingana okufanelekile phakathi kokufunwa nokunikezwa kwemali

Ibhange elikhulu lidlala indima ebalulekile ekudaleni ukulungiswa okufanele phakathi kwesidingo kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwemali. Ukungalingani phakathi kwalokhu kokubili kubonakala ezingeni lentengo. Ukushoda kwezimali kuzovimbela ukukhula kuyilapho ukweqisa kuzoholela ekwehleni kwamandla emali.

Njengoba umnotho uthuthuka, isidingo semali cishe sizokhula ngenxa yokwenza imali kancane kancane umkhakha ongenzi imali kanye nokwenyuka kokukhiqizwa kwezolimo nezimboni kanye namanani.

I-athikili okufanele ifundwe: Amabhange aku-inthanethi: asebenza kanjani?

Isidingo semali yokuthengiselana kanye nezisusa zokuqagela nazo zizokhula. Ngakho-ke ukwenyuka kwemali kuzomele kudlule ukulingana nokunyuka kwesidingo semali ukuze kugwenywe ukwehla kwamandla emali. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi ukunyuka kwemali kuzosetshenziselwa izinhloso zokuqagela, okuzovimbela ukukhula futhi kubangele ukwehla kwamandla emali.

Ibhange elikhulu lilawula ukusetshenziswa kwemali nekhredithi ngokusebenzisa inqubomgomo yezimali efanele. Ngakho-ke, emnothweni othuthukayo, ibhange eliphakathi kufanele lilawule ukunikezwa kwemali ngendlela yokuthi izinga lentengo lingeke likhuphuke ngaphandle kokuthikameze kabi ukutshalwa kwezimali nokukhiqiza.

???? Inqubomgomo yezinga lenzalo efanelekile

Ezweni elisathuthuka, ukwakheka kwezinga lenzalo kusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Kukhona futhi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezilinganiso zenzalo zesikhathi eside nezesikhathi esifushane naphakathi kwezilinganiso zenzalo emikhakheni ehlukene yezomnotho. Ukuba khona kwamazinga enzalo aphezulu kuphazamisa ukukhula kokutshalwa kwezimali, kokubili okuyimfihlo nomphakathi, emnothweni othuthukayo.

I-athikili okufanele ifundwe: Ungayenza kanjani imali ku-Instagram ngo-2021?

Izinga lenzalo okuphansi ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali kwangasese kwezolimo nezimboni. Njengasemazweni asathuthuka, osomabhizinisi banemali encane yokonga emalini ebuyisiwe, kufanele baboleke emabhange noma ezimakethe zezimali ngezinhloso zokutshala izimali futhi bazoboleka kuphela uma izinga lenzalo liphansi.

Inqubomgomo yenzalo ephansi nayo ibalulekile ukukhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali komphakathi. Inqubomgomo yesilinganiso ezithakazelisayo low inqubomgomo yemali eshibhile. Kwenza ukuboleka komphakathi kushibhe, kugcina izindleko zokukhokhela isikweletu somphakathi ziphansi futhi ngaleyo ndlela kube nesandla ekuxhaseni ngezimali ukuthuthukiswa komnotho.

Ukuze kuvinjwe ukugeleza kwezinsiza ekubolekweni nokutshalwa kwezimali okucatshangelwayo, ibhange eliyinhloko kufanele lilandele inqubomgomo yesilinganiso senzalo ebandlululayo, ukukhokhisa amanani aphezulu emali mboleko engabalulekile nengenzi kahle kanye namazinga aphansi okwenza imali ebolekiwe. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi ukonga kuyinzalo enwebekayo emnothweni osathuthuka e.

Njengoba izinga lemali engenayo liphansi kule minotho, izinga lenzalo eliphezulu akufanele likhulise ukuthambekela kokonga. Esimeni sokukhula komnotho, njengoba umnotho ukhula, ukukhuphuka kancane kancane kwezinga lentengo akunakugwenywa. Inani lemali liyehla futhi ukuthambekela kokonga kuyehla nakakhulu.

I-athikili okufanele ifundwe: Amathiphu ayi-1 ezezimali kwabasanda kushada

Izimo zezimali ziyaqina futhi izinga lenzalo livame ukukhuphuka ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lokhu kungadala uungabi ne-inflation. Esimeni esinjalo, noma yimuphi umzamo wokulawula ukwehla kwamandla emali ngokukhuphula izinga lenzalo kungaba yinhlekelele. Ngakho-ke izinga lentengo elizinzile libalulekile empumelelweni yenqubomgomo yezinga lenzalo ephansi engagcinwa ngokulandela inqubomgomo yezimali enengqondo yebhange elikhulu.

???? Ukuphathwa kwezikweletu

Ukuphathwa kwezikweletu kungomunye wemisebenzi ebalulekile yebhange elikhulu ezweni elisathuthuka. Kufanele ihlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isikhathi esifanele kanye nokukhishwa kwamabhondi kahulumeni, kusimamise amanani abo kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhokhela izikweletu zikahulumeni. Yibhange elikhulu elenza ukudayiswa nokuthengwa kwamabhondi kahulumeni futhi liguqule ukwakheka nokwakheka kwesikweletu sikahulumeni ngesikhathi esifanele.

Ukuze kuqiniswe futhi kuzinziswe imakethe yebhondi kahulumeni, inqubomgomo yenzalo ephansi ibalulekile. Ngoba, inzalo ephansi yenzalo inyusa intengo yamabhondi kahulumeni, iwenze athandeke kakhulu emphakathini futhi inikeze umfutho ezinhlelweni zikahulumeni zokuboleka umphakathi.

Ukugcina uhlaka lwenani lenzalo ephansi kuyacelwa futhi ukuthi kuncishiswe izindleko zokusevisa isikweletu sikazwelonke.

???? Ukulawula isikweletu

I-Central Bank kufanele futhi ihlose ukulawula isikweletu ukuze ibe nomthelela ekutshalweni kwezimali kanye namaphethini okukhiqiza emnothweni okhulayo. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukulawula izingcindezi zokwehla kwamandla emali ezenzeka ngesikhathi senqubo yokuthuthukiswa. Lokhu kudinga ukusetshenziswa kokubili kwezindlela zokulinganisa kanye nekhwalithi zokuqapha izikweletu.

imisebenzi emakethe evulekile bayehluleka ukulawula ukwehla kwamandla emali emazweni asathuthuka ngenxa yokuthi imakethe yemali engamaphepha incane futhi iyathuthuka. Amabhange ezentengiselwano agcina isilinganiso esinwebekayo sediphozithi yemali ngoba ukulawula kwebhange elimaphakathi phezu kwawo akuphelele. Futhi bayanqikaza ukutshala izimali ezibambiso zikahulumeni ngenxa yezilinganiso zabo zenzalo ephansi.

I-athikili okufanele ifundwe: Nawa amathiphu angu-14 wokuceba ngokushesha

Futhi, esikhundleni sokutshala izimali ezibambiso zikahulumeni, bakhetha ukugcina izimali zabo ezigciniwe zisesimweni esiwuketshezi njengegolide, izimali kanye nokheshi. Amabhange ezentengiselwano nawo awasetshenziselwa ukubuyisela kabusha imali noma ukuboleka ebhange elikhulu.

Inqubomgomo yezilinganiso zebhange nayo ayisebenzi kahle ekulawuleni izikweletu kuma-LDC ngenxa:

• a) ukungabi khona kwamakhuphoni esaphulelo;
• b) usayizi omncane wemakethe yebhondi;
• c) imboni enkulu engenzi imali lapho kuhwebelana khona;
• d) ukuba khona kwemakethe yemali enkulu engahlelekile;
• e) ukuba khona kwamabhange omdabu angenzi saphulelo sezikweletu kumabhange amakhulu;
• f) umkhuba wamabhange okuhweba ukugcina imali enkulu yokugcina imali.

Ukusetshenziswa kwesilinganiso sokugodla okuguquguqukayo njengendlela yokulawula izikweletu kusebenza kangcono kunemisebenzi yemakethe evulekile kanye nenqubomgomo yesilinganiso samabhange kuma-LDC. Njengoba imakethe yezibambiso incane kakhulu, imisebenzi yemakethe evulekile iyehluleka.

Kodwa ukwenyuka noma ukwehla kwezinga lokugodla ibhange elikhulu kunciphisa noma kukhuphule imali etholakala kumabhange okuhweba ngaphandle kokulimaza izintengo zezibambiso.

Futhi, amabhange okuhweba agcina imali egciniwe enkulu engeke yehliswe ngokunyuka kwenani lasebhange noma ngokudayiswa kwezibambiso yibhange elikhulu. Kodwa ukwenyuka kwenani lemali egciniwe kwehlisa imali emabhange. Nokho, ukusetshenziswa kwesilinganiso sokugodla esiguquguqukayo kunemikhawulo ethile kuma-LDC.

okokuqala, abaxhumanisi bezezimali okungewona amabhange abawagcini amadiphozithi ebhange elikhulu ngakho-ke awathintwa yilokho. Okwesibili, amabhange angagcini i-liquidity ngokweqile awathinteki njengalawo enza.

I-athikili okufanele ifundwe: Indima yomeluleki wezezimali webhizinisi lakho

Izinyathelo zokulawula izikweletu ezifanelekile, nokho, zisebenza kangcono kunezinyathelo zomthamo ekuthonyeni ukunikezwa kwesikweletu futhi yingakho ukwakheka kokutshalwa kwezimali. Emazweni asathuthuka, kunomkhuba oqinile wokutshala imali egolide, ubucwebe, amasheya, izindlu, njll., esikhundleni sokutshala ezinye izindlela zokukhiqiza ezitholakala kwezolimo, izimayini, amasimu nezimboni.

Izilawuli zezikweletu ezikhethiwe zifaneleka kakhulu ekulawuleni nasekubekeni imingcele izinsiza zezikweletu ngalezi zinhloso ezingakhiqizi. Lezi zilawuli zinenzuzo ekulawuleni imisebenzi yokuqagela ezinhlamvwini zokudla nasezimpahleni. Kuvela ukuthi ziwusizo kakhulu ekulawuleni "izinkinga zemikhakha" yomnotho.

Banciphisa isidingo sokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngokudinga ukuthi abangenisa impahla bafake kusengaphambili inani elilingana nenani lemali yangaphandle. Lokhu kuphinde kube nomthelela wokunciphisa izimali ezigciniwe zamabhange njengoba imali efakwa amabhange idluliselwa emabhange amakhulu ngesikhathi kuqhubeka lolu hlelo.

Izinyathelo ezikhethiwe zokulawula isikweletu zingathatha uhlobo lokushintsha izimfuneko zemajini ezinhlotsheni ezithile zesibambiso, ukulawulwa kwekhredithi yomthengi, kanye nesilinganiso sekhredithi.

???? Ukuxazulula inkinga yebhalansi yezinkokhelo

Ibhange elikhulu kufanele futhi lihlose ukuvimbela kanye nokuxazulula inkinga yebhalansi yezinkokhelo emnothweni osathuthuka. Le minotho ibhekene nobunzima obukhulu bebhalansi yezinkokhelo ekufinyeleleni izinjongo zezinhlelo zentuthuko. Kudalwa ukungalingani phakathi kwezinto ezithengwayo nezithunyelwa ngaphandle okuqhubeka nokukhula ngokuthuthuka.

I-athikili ezofundwa: Amasu angcono kakhulu ezezimali asebenza ngempumelelo

Ibhange elikhulu lilawula futhi lilawule izimali zezwe futhi liphinde libe ngumeluleki kahulumeni wezobuchwepheshe mayelana nenqubomgomo yokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe. Kusebhange elikhulu ukugwema ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushintshisana nokugcina uzinzo.

Lokhu ikwenza ngezilawuli zokushintshisana nokuhluka kwenani lesaphulelo. Isibonelo, uma inani lemali kazwelonke liqhubeka nokwehla, lokhu kungase kwenyuse izinga lesaphulelo futhi ngaleyo ndlela kukhuthaze ukungena kwemali yangaphandle.

???? Isifinyezo...

Ngakho, ibhange elikhulu lidlala indima ebalulekile ekuzuzeni ukukhula komnotho wezwe elisathuthuka ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo ezihlukahlukene ezixoxwe ngenhla. Kufanele ikhuthaze ukukhula komnotho ozinzile, isize ukuzuza ukuqashwa ngokugcwele kwezinsiza, inqobe ibhalansi yokungalingani kwezinkokhelo futhi izinze amazinga okushintshanisa.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uhambe, nakhu ukuqeqeshwa okukuvumela ukuba wenze kanjalo master ukuhweba ngehora eli-1 nje. Chofoza lapha ukuze uyithenge.