Konke mayelana nokwehla kwamandla emali

Kuyini ukwehla kwamandla emali? Umnotho ubulokhu uhamba kusukela impucuko yaqala ukuhwebelana kwayo kokuqala. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuze kube yimanje, imikhiqizo emisha namasevisi ahlala evela, ngakho amanani ayahluka kusukela esikhathini esithile kuya kwesinye.

Lezi zimpahla zingatholwa ngenxa yezinhlobo zemali ezisemthethweni zamazwe ahlukene noma izinhlangano ezinkulu, isibonelo i-euro e-European Union.

Ngalo mqondo, wonke amazwe anemingcele ehlukene yokuhlaziya ukuthuthuka komnotho wawo kanye nezimo ezenzeka kuwo. Okunye okuvame kakhulu ukukhuphuka kwamanani emali, okungukuthi, ukwenyuka okujwayelekile kwamanani okuholela ekwehleni kwamandla okuthenga abantu, ukunciphisa amandla abo okuthenga nokonga.

Asihambe

🥀 Kuyini ukwehla kwamandla emali kwezomnotho?

Singachaza ukwehla kwamandla emali njengokunyuka kwamanani okwenzeka ezimpahleni noma kumasevisi esikhathini esithile. Kungabuye kuchazwe njengokwehla kwenani lemali. Uma ukwehla kwamandla emali kuphezulu, kuba nezimpahla ezimbalwa esingazisebenzisa ngenani elifanayo lemali.

Inkomba yokulinganisa par excellence ithi inkomba yentengo yomthengi (CPI). Le nkomba inomthelela oqondile ekunyukeni kwamaholo, izimpesheni, ukuqashisa kanye neminye imiqondo eshintshwa ngokwe CPI.

🥀 Izimbangela Zokwehla kwamandla emali

Phakathi kwemvelaphi yoshintsho lwentengo kukhona ezinye zezimbangela ezivame kakhulu ezinomthelela emthelela wokwehla kwamandla emali. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukungalingani okwenzeka phakathi ukunikezwa kanye nesidingo, ngenxa yokuthi abathengi abaningi bafuna izimpahla ezingavamile.

Kodwa-ke, ukubaluleka okufanayo kufanele kunikezwe isimo esiphambene: ukunikezwa ngokweqile nakho kubi ezweni, ngoba asikho isidingo sokucabanga futhi umphumela ophambene nokwehla kwamandla emali kwenzeka, okungukuthi i-deflation.

Kodwa-ke, icala lokugcina kufanele lilawulwe ngoba ukungalingani kungase kwenzeke ohlelweni uma, naphezu kokuthi kukhona imali emakethe, isidingo asinyuki.

🥀 Izinhlobo noma amadigri e-inflation

Uma sesibonile izimbangela ezigqugquzela ukwehla kwamandla emali, kufanele sazi amadigri okungenzeka ngawo:

✔️ Ukwehla kwamandla emali okumaphakathi

Lokhu ukukhuphuka okuncane kwamanani, okungeqi ku-10% ngonyaka. Lapha ukukhuphuka kwentengo kuhlala kuphakathi 2% no-4%, okungaphezu kwalokho osomnotho abakubheka njengokufanelekile ekukhuliseni umnotho, kodwa hhayi kakhulu. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kulawa mazinga amabhange amakhulu anezikhali ezanele zokusebenza futhi abuyisele leli zinga lokukhuphuka kwamandla emali endaweni yokulawula.

✔️ I-inflation edlangile

Kunomphumela omubi kakhulu emnothweni wezwe njengoba ukwehla kwamandla emali kukhuphukela kumadijithi aphindwe kabili noma kathathu unyaka nonyaka. Ngokwehlisa inani lemali, abantu bagxila ekusebenziseni kwabo ikakhulukazi ezidingweni eziyisisekelo.

✔️ ayehle kakhulu amandla emali

Lo mbono wakamuva ukhomba ukuthi isizwe singene shí esimeni esibucayi somnotho. NgokukaSteve Hanke, uprofesa waseJohns Hopkins University, engxoxweni ye-BBC: “Ngokomthetho, umkhakha wezomnotho uyavuma ukuthi i-hyperinflation ikhona lapho izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali lidlula ama-50% ngenyanga. Ngenxa yalokho, inani lemali liyehla.

Lapho ukwenyuka okuphawulekayo kokwehla kwamandla emali kuhambisana nokuntengantenga komnotho, kuba nokuntenga komnotho: umqondo oncazelo yawo yasungulwa ngenkinga kawoyela ngeminyaka yawo-1970 nomphumela omubi wokwenyuka kwamandla emali okuhambisana nokukhula komnotho okuntekenteke emazweni amaningana.

✔️ Ukwehla kwamandla emali okuphezulu

Ukukhuphuka kwentengo okudlula 3-4% kodwa ayifiki ku-10% ngonyaka. Uma kuyisenzakalo sesikhashana, njengoba kwenzeka ekuqaleni kuka-2021 ngenxa yomphumela wokuqhathanisa nengxenye yokuqala enzima kakhulu ka-2020, akuyona inkinga enkulu, kodwa uma iphikelela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuguguleka okukhiqizayo kokulondoloza nakho. enamandla kakhulu.

🥀 Ukwehla kwamandla emali kuwuthinta kanjani umnotho?

✔️ Ukwehla kwamandla emali ezingeni le-macroeconomic

Uma sikhuluma ngemiphumela yokwehla kwamandla emali ezingeni le-macroeconomic, okokuqala ngokusobala ukukhuphuka kwamanani. Ngamanye amazwi, yonke into ibiza kakhulu njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni. Singathenga okuncane ngokufanayo, okuthinta ekugcineni isikhwama sethu semali, njengoba sizobona kamuva.

Yiqiniso, kufanele kucace ukuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali akufanele kube yigama elinomqondo omubi: ukwehla kwamandla emali okuphansi noma okulawulwayo kusikhombisa ukuthi umnotho wezwe usesikhathini esihle sokuchuma, njengoba izakhamuzi azilahlekelwa amandla okuthenga futhi ukuthi abantu abadlayo, phakathi kwezinye izinkomba.

Ukwehla kwamandla emali okulawulwayo kuthathwa njengenzuzo emnothweni wezwe, ikakhulukazi ukugwema izimo ezingaba khona zokwehla kwamandla emali.

✔️ Ukwehla kwamandla emali kukuthinta kanjani ukonga?

Mayelana nokuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali kuthinta kanjani ukonga kwethu, singathola izindlela ezahlukene. Ukwehla kwamandla emali okuphezulu kuthinta umnotho wezwe lethu njengoba silahlekelwa amandla okuthenga ngokuba nemali yethu “ngaphansi komatilasi”.

Okusho ukuthi, uma imali yethu ima futhi ukwehla kwamandla emali kukhuphuka, kancane kancane izolahlekelwa inani layo: ukwehla kwamandla emali kuzokushwabadela. Yingakho sivame ukukhuluma ngokuthi “ i-inflation monster ".

Uma kukhulunywa ngamaholo, uHulumeni uvame ukukhuphuka ubuncane beholo interprofessional lapho ukwanda, Kodwa akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Mayelana namaholo, lapho ukwehla kwamandla emali kukhuphuka, uhulumeni uvame ukukhuphula iholo elincane.

Futhi uma kuziwa endabeni yokuboleka, kudingeka sikhumbule ukuthi lapho ukwehla kwamandla emali kudlula lokho obekulindelwe, amabhange amakhulu akhuphula inzalo ukuze avimbe ukubaleka. Ngakho-ke, uma, ngokwesibonelo, une-mortgage intshisekelo eguquguqukayo, inkokhelo yakho izokhuphuka.

Uma ungafuni ukulahlekelwa imali nge-inflation, ikhambi ukutshala imali. Izimali ezisebenzisanayo ziyizitha ezingcono kakhulu zokwehla kwamandla emali, njengoba zisivumela ukuthi sithole imbuyiselo emalini yethu ngokuyinqanda ekuncipheni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma imiswa.

✔️ Eminye imigomo ehlobene nokwehla kwamandla emali

• Ukulinganisa: umbuso ugqugquzela umnotho ngokuzenzela ukuze unqobe ukuwohloka komnotho.
• I-Disinflation: Amanani ayakhuphuka, kodwa angaphansi kunangaphambili, okwehlisa izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali.
• Ukwehla kwamandla emali okubalulekile: Kuyidatha enembe kakhudlwana noma inkomba ebonisa ukuhlukahluka kwamanani omthengi esikhathini esifushane. Ushiya eceleni ukuntengantenga okudalwa amanani kagesi, phakathi kokunye.
• I-Stagflation: Kwenzeka lapho ukwehla kwamandla emali kanye nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi kukhula ngesikhathi esisodwa kuyilapho kukhona ukuntengantenga kwe-GDP ngezikhathi zobunzima bomnotho.