Mfundo za Islamic Finance

Kodi mfundo za Islamic Finance ndi ziti? Ndalama zachisilamu zimayendetsedwa ndi malamulo achisilamu, Sharia. Imalemekeza chiwerengero cha malamulo ndi zoletsa. Ndindalama yomwe ili ndi chiyambi chake ndipo imachokera ku mfundo zachipembedzo. Kuti mudziwe bwino zandalama izi ganizirani za mfundo zake zazikulu.

Chotero, chiri chotulukapo cha chisonkhezero cha chipembedzo pa makhalidwe abwino, ndiyeno cha makhalidwe abwino pa malamulo, ndipo potsirizira pake pa lamulo la zachuma kutsirizira ndi ndalama.

Munkhaniyi, Finance de Demain imakudziwitsani za mfundo za chuma cha Chisilamu. Koma musanayambe, nayi protocol yomwe imakulolani kuti mupange yanu bizinesi yoyamba pa intaneti.

Tiyeni tizipita

🌽 Magwero a malamulo achisilamu

Kuyankha funso kuti mfundo zazikulu za Islamic Finance ndi ziti ndikufuna kumvetsetsa magwero a malamulo achisilamu. Chuma cha Chisilamu chonse chimachokera ku Koran, thendime yopatulika kwambiri mu Chisilamu. Ndi mawu a Mulungu amene adauzidwa kwa Mtumiki Muhammad ndi mngelo Gabrieli.

Malinga ndi bukuli, Mneneri ndi mkhalapakati pa ntchito yotumiza mawu a Mulungu kwa munthu. Choncho Quran ndiye gwero lalikulu la malamulo achisilamu ndipo ndiyopambana ena onse. magwero a Sharia'a. Pambuyo gwero loyamba ili Koran, Sunnah (Hadith) ndi gwero lachiwiri lachilamulo cha Chisilamu.

M’moyo wa Mtumiki (SAW) Asilamu adamupempha kuti afotokoze bwino ndime zina za Qur’an kuti athe kupitiriza kukhala motsatira chitsanzo chimene Mulungu adawaphunzitsa. Kuti muchite izi, Sunna za Mtumiki zidalembedwa.

Ndi gulu la mawu, zochita ndi zovomerezeka za Mtumiki pamaziko omwe Asilamu amatha kudzoza kuti afotokoze momwe amayendera komanso machitidwe awo.

Monga gwero lachiwiri la malamulo achisilamu, mgwirizano (Ijma), kulingalira mofananiza (Qiyas) ndi kutanthauzira (Ijtihad). Mawu Ijma amatanthauza " mgwirizano pa funso » ndipo zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zachitika pano ndi mgwirizano womwe oweruza achisilamu adachita pa mafunso ena azamalamulo kapena pazochitika zinazake.

Qiya ndi lamulo lachilamulo lomwe limapangidwa pamaziko a kutanthauzira kwa zinthu zatsopano pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo omwe alipo kale mkati mwa Koran kapena Sunna.

🌽 Zoletsa zandalama zachisilamu

Kodi fayilo ya riba ?

Le riba kutanthauza kulemeretsa kulikonse kosaloledwa. Pazowonjezera zilizonse zopezeka popanda kuchita khama monga chiwongola dzanja. Ma Ulama asiyanitsa mitundu yosachepera itatu ya riba. Chifukwa chake, osunga ndalama achi Muslim amakumana nawo zovuta zingapo ndi mwayi.

✔ Fomu yoyamba ya riba : chidwi

Chiwongola dzanja ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zalipidwa kapena zomwe zimafunidwa pamtengo woyambira pakubweza. Ndi malipiro a ngongole, nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati malipiro a nthawi ndi nthawi kuchokera kwa wobwereka kupita kwa wobwereketsa.

Mu nthawi ya Muhammad, chitukuko cha riba adapanga zochitika zaukapolo pafupifupi kwa obwereka omwe sangathe kubweza. Ndi mtundu wapadera uwu wodzikonda womwe Mtumiki adafuna kuti aletse poyamba.

Lingaliro lachisilamu la chidwi limalumikizana ndi zipembedzo zina zingapo ndi masukulu amalingaliro. Inde, chiyambi cha riba likupezeka mu kupitiriza kwa Chiyuda, Chikhristu ndi Chisilamu.

Kale mu Greece wakale, Aristotle (384 BC) anatcha chiwongoladzanja chonyansa, chifukwa ndalama zinalengedwa kuti zisinthidwe osati kudzitumikira zokha.

Mwambo wachiyuda umatsutsa momveka bwino mchitidwe wobwereketsa ndi chiwongola dzanja ndipo sizinali mpaka kubwereranso kwa mphamvu ya Babeloni komwe zidaloledwa, koma kwa omwe sanali Ayuda okha.

Tchalitchi cha Katolika, kumbali yake, poyamba chinali kufotokoza momveka bwino pankhaniyi. Pansi pa chisonkhezero china Calvin mu XVI^TH m'zaka, chilolezocho chinaperekedwa kwa Apulotesitanti ndipo pambuyo pake chizoloŵezicho chinafalikira ku gulu lonse lachikristu.

Kwa malamulo achisilamu, kuletsa chidwi ndi kovomerezeka chifukwa kumatengera maziko ake ku mfundo yomveka bwino ya Koran. Surayi "Kutuluka", ndime 6, akuti tiyenera kuletsa katundu kuti aziyenda m’manja mwa anthu olemera okha.

Chifukwa chake, ngongole zazitsulo (golide, diamondi, siliva), zopangira zakudya ndizoletsedwa. Mtundu uwu riba, yomwe ili yofala kwambiri padziko lonse masiku ano.

✔ Bwalo lachiwiriine de riba : zotsala zosonkhanitsidwa pa katundu wina

Kuchuluka kwa konkriti kumawonedwa pakusinthanitsa kwachindunji pakati pa mitundu ina ya katundu wamtundu womwewo (golide, siliva, ndalama, ndi zina). ndi riba. Mtundu wa riba amadziwika ngati ribâ al fadhl ou ribâ al bouyou.

✔ Mtundu wachitatu wa riba : phindu linalake

Mtundu wina wa riba adatsutsidwa ndi maswahaaba a Muhammad m'mawu awa: "Ngongole iliyonse yomwe imapereka mwayi (yomwe imaperekedwa kwa wobwereketsa malinga ndi zomwe adachita poyamba) imapanga. riba ".

Pankhani ya ngongole, mabungwe ambiri achisilamu azachuma amalangiza njira zotenga nawo gawo pakati pa likulu ndi antchito.

Lamulo lomalizali likutenga mfundo yachisilamu yoti wobwereketsa sayenera kunyamula ndalama zonse zikagwa, chifukwa " Mulungu ndi Yemwe akugamula zakuti zalephera, ndipo ikufuna kuti igwere onse okhudzidwa”.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake ngongole zanthawi zonse ndizosavomerezeka. Koma mabizinesi okhazikika amabizinesi amachitidwa ngakhale pamiyeso yaying'ono kwambiri.

Komabe, si ngongole zonse zomwe zingatengedwe kukhala zowopsa za ndalama. Mwachitsanzo, banja likagula nyumba, silikuikapo ndalama mubizinesi yowopsa.

Momwemonso, kugula zinthu zina zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito payekha, monga magalimoto, mipando, ndi zina zotero sizingaganizidwe mozama ngati ndalama zowopsa zomwe banki yachisilamu idzagawana zoopsa ndi phindu.

🌽 Kuletsa kusatsimikizika (Gharar)

Le Gharar ndi choletsa chachiwiri chachikulu pazachuma cha Chisilamu. Zimatanthauzidwa ngati kusakhazikika kwa zinthu zomwe zingatheke zomwe chikhalidwe chawo chosatsimikizika komanso chowopsa chimapangitsa kufanana ndi masewera amwayi.

Zimaphatikizapo nthawi zomwe chidziwitsocho sichinakwaniritsidwe ndipo mutu wa mgwirizanowu uli ndi zoopsa komanso zosadziwika bwino.

Mu Quran, t Gharar zatchulidwa mwatsatanetsatane. Mawu otsatirawa akupezeka mu Surah 5, mavesi 90 ndi 91: “ E inu amene mwakhulupirira! Vinyo, kuwombeza ndi matumbo a ozunzidwa komanso kuchita maere (masewera amwayi: Mayisir) ndi zinthu zodetsa zomwe satana amachita.

Pewani! …Mdyerekezi akungofuna kudzetsa pakati panu mbewu za mikangano kudzera mu udani ndi udani kudzera mu vinyo ndi juga, ndi kukulepheretsani kuitana Mulungu ndi pemphero. Ndiye kodi muthetsa? ".

Komabe, zinthu zina ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa. Kukayikitsa komwe kumakhala mu mgwirizano kuyenera kukhala koyenera komanso kokhazikika kuti kontrakitala isagwire ntchito.

Kenako, mgwirizano uyenera kukhala mgwirizano wa mayiko awiri osati umodzi monga momwe zimakhalira popereka kapena ntchito yaulere. Pomaliza, a Gharar imavomerezedwa muzochitika zomwe cholinga chenicheni cha mgwirizano sichikhoza kukwaniritsidwa popanda kukayikira kumeneku.

🌽 Kuletsedwa kwa mwayi (Qimar) ndi zongopeka (Maysir)

Mu FI, ndizoletsedwa " kupeza ndalama pongobwereketsa kwa ena. Muyenera kutenga nawo mbali mu polojekitiyi. Ngati kupambana kwa polojekiti kumadalira mwamwayi, ndiye kuti pali Mayisir.

Ndi mfundo iyi yomwe, mwa zina, imasungidwa kusonyeza kuti zongopeka ndizoletsedwa m'zachuma zachisilamu.

Zowonadi, zongopeka nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowopsa kwambiri. Cholinga sikutenga nawo mbali mu chuma chenicheni, koma kupeza ndalama mwachisawawa, popanda kukhala ndi chidwi ndi polojekitiyo yokha ndi ntchito yake yeniyeni.

Choletsa chachitatu chachikulu pazachuma cha Chisilamu ndicho Qimar (mwayi) neri Le Mayisir (kulingalira). Malingaliro awiriwa ndi ogwirizana kwambiri ndi chiletso chachikulu cham'mbuyomu, cha zida. Nthawi zina amasokonezeka m'mabuku.

M'malo mwake, Qimar nthawi zambiri amatanthauzidwa kukhala Mayisir. Komabe, kusiyana kwake ndikuti Mayisir zimapitilira masewera amwayi chifukwa zimafanana ndi kulemedwa kulikonse kopanda chifukwa.

Mwachidule, iwo ali chibadidwe mu mawonekedwe a mgwirizano umene ufulu wa maphwando mgwirizano zimadalira chochitika mwachisawawa.

🌽 Kuletsa kwa ndalama zosaloledwa

Kuletsa kwakukulu komaliza kumatengera ndalama zosaloledwa. Ndalama zachisilamu ziyenera kukhala ndi udindo wokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. Ntchito zonse zomwe Allah adalenga ndi zabwino zonse zotuluka m’menemo kufotokozedwa ngati " halal ». Lamuloli limabweretsa kuletsa kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe Asilamu sayenera kuyikapo ndalama.

Kuchokera kumalingaliro azachuma, zoyambira zamtundu uliwonse wamakontrakitala ziyeneranso kukhala zogwirizana ndi Shariah. Zoletsa za Quran okonda makhalidwe nkhawa, kuwonjezera, nkhani zamalonda.

🌽 Zofunikira pazachuma cha Chisilamu

🌽 Mfundo yogawana phindu ndi kutayika (3P)

Chofunikira choyamba komanso chofunikira kwambiri pazachuma cha Chisilamu ndikugawana phindu ndi kutayika. M'malo mwake, mfundo ya chilungamo ndiye maziko a lingaliro lazachuma la malamulo achi Muslim. Chofunikira ichi pazachuma cha Chisilamu chikufotokozedwa ngati a m’malo mwa mchitidwe wodzikonda umene uli haram.

Zoona zake, chimodzi mwa zoletsedwa za FI ndikuletsa chidwi pazochitika zonse zachuma ndi zachuma. Ogwira nawo ntchito zamabanki ali ndi udindo wogawana nawo zoopsa ndipo chifukwa chake phindu kapena zotayika kuti zitsimikizire kuti malipiro obwera chifukwa cha polojekitiyi.

Potengera mfundo iyi, FI imatchedwa " crowdfunding ". Mfundoyi imatanthauzanso kuti ziganizo za mgwirizano ziyenera kupindulitsa onse omwe ali nawo.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake m'mabanki achisilamu (IB) muli mapangano ogwirizana omwe amasainidwa pakati pa banki ndi makasitomala ake. Mapanganowa amalola ma BI kukhala ndi ndalama, zonse kapena gawo lake, kutengera mtundu wa mgwirizano, ntchito yogulitsa ndalama yomwe kasitomala amachitira ndikuchita nawo phindu ndi zotayika.

Posaina mapanganowa, kuchuluka kwa kulowererapo phindu lamtsogolo komanso kutayika komwe kungatheke kwa gulu lililonse kuyenera kufotokozedwa momveka bwino.

M'makontrakitala oterowo, kasitomala nthawi zambiri amakhala woyang'anira polojekitiyo ndipo maphwando amagawana popanda kusiya zotayika ndi phindu malinga ndi ziganizo za mgwirizano, kupatula ngati kunyalanyaza kapena Kutsimikizirika kunyalanyaza kwakukulu kwa kasitomala. Mfundo ya 3P imakhazikitsa ubale watsopano pakati pa Investor (banki) ndi wazamalonda (wogula).

🌽 Invest in katundu wogwirika

Chofunikira chachiwiri chachikulu cha IF ndikuthandizidwa ndi ndalamazo chuma chogwirika kapena Thandizo la Asset. Malinga ndi izi, zochitika zonse zachuma ziyenera kuphatikizapo chuma chenicheni kuti chikhale chovomerezeka pansi pa Shariah.

Mfundo iyi ya Thandizo la Asset zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kulimbikitsa kuthekera kokhazikika komanso kuwongolera zoopsa komanso kuonetsetsa kugwirizana kwa zachuma ku gawo lenileni. Kupyolera muzofunikira izi, IF imathandizira kupititsa patsogolo chuma chenicheni mwa kupanga ntchito zopanda ngozi zachuma.

🌽 Zofuna za umwini

Poganizira za kukhudzika kwa lingaliro la katundu ndi chofunikira kwambiri m'malamulo achisilamu. Ndipotu, chiphunzitso cha Chisilamu sagwirizana ndi capitalism m'mawu ake kuti katundu waumwini ndiye mfundo, kapenanso ndi socialism pamene amaona chuma cha sosholisti ngati mfundo wamba.

Imavomereza nthawi yomweyo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya umwini ikatengera mfundo ya umwini wapawiri (katundu m'njira zosiyanasiyana) m'malo mwa mtundu umodzi wa katundu womwe capitalism ndi socialism imapanga.

Chikhumbo chofuna kupeza zofunika pamoyo, kukhala ndi moyo wabwino, ngakhale kukhala ndi zokongoletsera kapena zokongoletsera komanso kudziteteza ku tsogolo losatsimikizika sililingaliridwa konse ngati chinthu choipa.

M'malo mwake akunena kuti malangizo ake ndi njira yopambana pamundawu popanda kusinthanitsa ndi kulephera kwa tsiku lomaliza. Quran ikunena kuti Allah ndiye mwini yekha wa zonse zakumwamba ndi zapadziko lapansi.

Mwamunayo Koma ndi mdindo wa Mulungu Padziko lapansi. Iye ali ndi udindo Lui, za zimene aikizidwa kwa iye. Mosiyana ndi dziko la capitalist, lingaliro la katundu malinga ndi malamulo achisilamu lagawidwa m'magulu atatu. Izi ndi katundu wa boma, chuma cha boma ndi katundu wamba.

✔ Eni ake a anthu

Mu Chisilamu, katundu wa boma amatanthauza zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe anthu onse ali ndi ufulu wofanana. Zinthu zimenezi zimatengedwa ngati zinthu wamba.

Katunduyu amaikidwa pansi pa ulonda ndi ulamuliro wa Boma, ndipo nzika iliyonse ikhoza kusangalala nayo, bola ngati izi sizikuphwanya ufulu wa nzika zina pa malowa. Pankhani ya privatization ya katundu wa boma, katundu wina monga madzi, moto, msipu sangathe kuchitidwa mwachinsinsi.

Chiganizo cha Mohammed molingana ndi zomwe Amuna amagwirizana m'madera atatuwa, zidapangitsa akatswiri kulingalira kuti kugulitsa madzi, mphamvu ndi nthaka yaulimi sikungaloledwe.

Monga lamulo, kubisa ndi / kapena kupititsa patsogolo katundu wa anthu ndi nkhani yotsutsana mkati mwa chiphunzitsocho.

✔Katundu wa boma

Katunduyu akuphatikizapo zinthu zina zachilengedwe komanso zinthu zina zomwe sizili ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa nthawi yomweyos. Katundu m'boma lachisilamu amatha kukhala oyenda kapena osasunthika. Angapezeke mwa kugonjetsa kapena mwamtendere.

Katundu yemwe sanatengedwe, wopanda munthu kapena wopanda olowa nyumba, malo osalimidwa (mwaf) akhoza kuonedwa ngati chuma cha boma. Munthawi ya moyo wa Muhammadi, gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a zida zomwe zidagwidwa kwa adani pabwalo lankhondo zidatengedwa ngati chuma cha boma.

Komabe, Muhammad anati: “Malo akale ndi minda yaing’ono ndi ya Allah ndi Mtumiki Wake, ndiye kuti nzanu”. Oweruza amatsimikizira kuti pamapeto pake, katundu wamba ndiye amakhala patsogolo kuposa chuma cha boma.

✔ katundu wamba

Pali mgwirizano pakati pa oweruza achisilamu ndi akatswiri a chikhalidwe cha anthu kuti Chisilamu chimazindikira komanso kulimbikitsa ufulu wa munthu kukhala ndi katundu wake. Korani nthawi zonse imakamba za mavuto amisonkho, cholowa, kuletsa kuba, kuvomerezeka kwa katundu.

Chisilamu chimatsimikizira chitetezo cha katundu waumwini kudzera mu chilango chokhwima kwa akuba. Muhamadi akuti amene wamwalira poteteza chuma chake ali ngati wofera chikhulupiriro.

Akadaulo azachuma achisilamu ayika zopeza zaumwini m'magulu atatu: mosadzifunira, mwamapangano kapena mosagwirizana. Zikangochitika mwangozi, zikutanthauza kuti munthuyo wapindula ndi cholowa, cholowa kapena mphatso.

Kupeza kosagwiritsa ntchito kontrakitala ndikupeza mtundu wa kusonkhanitsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zilibe kale anali achinsinsi. Komabe, kupeza mapangano kumaphatikizapo zinthu monga kugulitsa, kugula, kubwereka, kubwereketsa, ...

Komabe, oweruza a Maliki ndi Hanbali akutsutsa kuti ngati katundu waumwini angawononge zofuna za anthu, boma likhoza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa katundu waumwini. Malingaliro awa okhawo sanagawidwe, amatsutsana m'masukulu ena oganiza za malamulo achisilamu.

🌽 Zofunikira zofanana

Kuletsedwa kwa katapira kumaganiziridwa riba pakati pa mapanganowo cholinga chake ndi kukhazikitsa kufanana kwachipembedzo, chikhalidwe ndi zachuma.

✔️Kufanana kwachisilamu

Chisilamu chili pamwamba pa zonse, chilungamo, kufanana ndi kuona mtima. Choncho, pansi pa Sharia, okhulupirira onse ndi ofanana.

Muhammad akunena kuti palibe amene anganene kuti ndi kukhulupirira ngati sakonda mbale wake chimene adzikonda yekha. Ichi nchifukwa chake Chisilamu chimaona katapira ngati chida cholimbikitsa kudzikonda.

Ichi ndi chifukwa chake mavesi okhudzana ndi kuletsa kwake mu Koran akutsogozedwa ndi mavesi angapo omwe amalimbikitsa anthu kuti azigwirizana. mgwirizano ndi chikondi. M'malingaliro athu, kuwonongeka kwa zikhalidwe kwakomera kuwoneka kwa masautso amunthu, ngakhale m'maiko otukuka.

Kupita patsogolo kumeneku komwe maiko athu amachitira umboni, kumasiya munthu kukhala wopanda chidwi ndi munthu pamlingo wa ubale pakati pa anthu. Ngati Chisilamu, pakutukuka kwake, chikadasunga mfundo za mfundo za Korani, zikadapereka phunziro lomveka padziko lonse lapansi.

✔️ Kufanana pagulu

Kuletsedwa kwa chidwi kumapangidwanso kukhazikitsa kufanana pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi likulu ndi amene fructifies izo. Kuzindikira zochulukirapo kwa mwiniwake wachuma, popanda kuzindikirikanso kwa wogwiritsa ntchito likululi, kumapanga mwayi wodziwika wachuma pokhudzana ndi ntchito.

Mchitidwe wokonda chidwi umayika ndalama pakati pa kusagwirizana pakati pa anthu. Komabe, mu malamulo a Chisilamu, chuma sichiyenera kukhala gwero la kusiyana pakati pa anthu..

✔ Kufanana pazachuma

Chisilamu chikufuna, ngati pamlingo wongoyerekeza, kupanga chotsutsana ndi ulamuliro wa olemera. Malinga ndi Chisilamu, chuma nchochokera kwa Mulungu, ndikuti anthu ndi eni ake okha.

Choncho, chuma sichiyenera kukhala gwero la mphamvu zachuma. Iyenera kuyenda mosalekeza mkati mwa zomwe zaloledwa ndi Sharia ndipo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pothandiza osauka komanso kuti athe kupeza.

🌽 Mfundo ya chilungamo

Chilungamo ndicho mfundo ya makhalidwe abwino imene imafuna kulemekeza malamulo ndi chilungamo. Chilungamo cha chikhalidwe chimafuna mikhalidwe yabwino kwa aliyense.

 Ngati mulapa, likulu lanu lidzakhala lanu, musachite choipa (kutenga zochuluka kuposa zomwe mukuyenera kutero), ndipo simudzaonongeka (Polandira zochepa kuposa zomwe mwabwereketsa).

Kwa Asilamu, kuletsa chidwi kumakhudzanso mfundo yachilungamo. Lingaliro la chilungamo ili lingathe kufufuzidwa kuchokera kumbali zitatu: mbali yachipembedzo, chikhalidwe ndi zachuma

✔️ Chilungamo m'chisilamu

Ngati Msilamu afuna kuti apindule momdyera m’bale wakeyo pompezerapo mwayi womuchitira chipongwe, ndiye kuti wachita zosalungama. “Palibe amene anganene kuti ndi wokhulupirira ngati sakonda m’bale wake zimene adzikonda yekha”.

Koran ikufuna kulimbikitsa Asilamu kumverera kuti onse ali m'dera limodzi lomwe ali ndi ntchito. Komabe, phindu limatengedwa ngati njira yozikidwa pa kupanda chilungamo, kulimbikitsa kusagwirizana ndi mzimu waudani.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri za mneneriyu chinali kudzudzula phindu lililonse lomwe lingapezeke mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina kuchokera ku machitidwe amtunduwu.

✔️ Chilungamo cha anthu

La chilungamo cha anthu ilinso pakati pa zovuta zachisilamu. Kuletsedwa kwa chidwi kotero kumapita mbali iyi.

Mwanjira ina, ikufuna kukhazikitsa chilungamo pakati pa omwe ali ndi ndalama ndi omwe amalowererapo pantchito yawo. Kuipa kozindikira kuchuluka kwachuma pokhudzana ndi ntchito sikungokhala kwakhalidwe.

Zowonadi, kulingalira kwamtunduwu kumatipangitsa kuti titsitse zikhalidwe za Munthu ndikukweza kufunikira kwa zinthu. Kupatula izi, palinso zotsatirapo zachindunji pa dongosolo lenileni la anthu.

Chidwi chimalimbikitsa kusiyana pakati pa anthu potengera chuma popanda chiopsezo kapena zowawa, m'manja mwa anthu ochepa. Izi zikutsutsana kwambiri ndi zomwe Koran imalengeza, zomwe zimaletsa kulamulira.

✔️ Chilungamo pazachuma

M'mabanki achikhalidwe, wobwereketsa amapindula ndi ndalama zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa kale zoimiridwa ndi chiwongola dzanja. Pankhaniyi, ndi mgwirizano wa ngongole, likulu ndi ntchito okha ali a munthu mmodzi amene ndi wowatenga amene amawasamalira mwangozi yake.

Choncho munthu akhoza kudabwa ngati pali chilungamo chenicheni kuchokera pazachuma pazochitika zamtunduwu. Chifukwa, ngati likulu likuwonongeka, ndi wobwerekedwa amene adzalandira udindo wonse.

Chisilamu chimati ngati wina akufuna kuti wobwereketsa atenge nawo gawo pa phindu lomwe adapeza, ndikofunikira nthawi yomweyo kuti achite nawo. kutayika kumene munthu angakumane nako. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, kusewera ndalama kumbali ya wobwereketsa ndi kupanda chilungamo.

Komabe, kuyambira pomwe mwiniwake wa likulu atenga nawo gawo pazopindula ndi zotayika, sizilinso funso langongole koma la mgwirizano weniweni wa mgwirizano womwe. islam kuitana Mudaraba.

M'malamulo achisilamu, chuma sichinapangidwe kuti chikhale gwero lamphamvu pazachuma, kapena kusasunthika. Chuma chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandiza ena komanso kuti athe kupeza.

Kudzudzula Chisilamu uku kumatipangitsa kumvetsetsa kuti kudzera mu chithandizo chachindunji, zakat, omwe amalandira (osauka, ofooka, amasiyes) kukhala ndi chizolowezi chodya.

Kusamutsa chuma kumeneku kungapangitse kuti anthu azifuna zambiri komanso kuti atukule chuma pamlingo wina wake.

🌽 Kulipira Zakat

Zakat, mzati wachitatu wa Islam, zonse ndi udindo wachuma, kupembedza ndi chilungamo cha Mulungu. Imagwira ntchito yapakati pakukhazikitsa mfundo yachilungamo, kudzera mu kugawanso chuma, kuchokera kwa olemera kwambiri kupita kwa osowa.

Mwachindunji, Msilamu aliyense wokhala ndi nthawi yonse ya mwezi wa mwezi (mwala) chuma choposa malire a msonkho (ndisab) 85 magalamu a golide. Ndi pafupifupi ma euro 1500 lero, ikuyenera kupereka 2,5% kwa ana amasiye, osauka, othawa kwawo kunkhondo, ndi zina zotero.

Choncho zakat iyenera kuyesedwa ngati muyeso wolimbikitsa Msilamu kuti aikepo ndalama, kumukakamiza kuti ndalama zake zibale zipatso. Kusanthula uku kumatsimikiziridwa ndi chithandizo chomwe chimachitika mu Chisilamu pakusunga ndalama, chomwe chimawonedwa ngati kusowa kwathunthu kwa chikhulupiliro monga chizindikiro cha kusowa chidaliro m'tsogolo.

Le Quran ikunena kuti: " Amene akusonkhanitsa golide ndi siliva, osaigwiritsa ntchito panjira ya Mulungu, auze Chilango chowawa ".

Chifukwa chake, kutengera mfundo zamalamulo achisilamu awa, olimbikitsa dongosolo lazachuma lachisilamu akufuna kukhazikitsa njira yatsopano, yokhala ndi malingaliro abwino ndikupatsa Asilamu ndi osakhala Asilamu mwayi wopindula ndi ntchito zamabanki zamakono potsatira " njira ya Mulungu ".

Komabe, sindingakusiyeni popanda kukupatsani kalozerayu kuti muwonjezere zowonera patsamba lanu. Dinani apa kuti mutsitse bukhuli.

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