Zonse zokhudza Shadow Banking

Kumbuyo kwachuma chachikhalidwe kumabisa dongosolo lalikulu lazachuma lotchedwa "mthunzi banki. ⚫ Upangiri wamabungwe ndi zochitika zina zimathawa malamulo achikhalidwe. Chikoka chake chomwe chikukula chimadetsa nkhawa owongolera, makamaka popeza adagwira nawo gawo lalikulu pamavuto a 2008. 🔻

Banki yamthunzi, kapena "mthunzi ndalama", imabweretsa ndalama zongopeka za hedge funds, makampani ogulitsa pafupipafupi komanso magalimoto ovuta opangira ndalama. Kuchita kwake sikudziwika bwino kwa anthu onse. 🔍 Komabe imazungulira mayendedwe azachuma padziko lonse lapansi.

Munkhaniyi, Dziwani kuti shadow banking ndi chiyani, kuchuluka kwake, omwe akukhudzidwa nawo komanso zoopsa zomwe zingabweretse ku bata lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi. Koma tisanayambe, apa Kodi mungalipire bwanji ndalama zanu zopuma pantchito?

Khalani ndi madzi abwino mu zinsinsi zazachuma zamthunzi!

📍 Kodi shadow banking ndi chiyani?

Shadow banking imayimira osewera onse ndi zochitika zachuma zomwe zimachitika kunja kwa banki zoyendetsedwa ndi chikhalidwe. 🏦

Izi zikuphatikizapo mabungwe monga ma hedge funds, ndalama za msika wa ndalama, makampani ogulitsa pafupipafupi. Mabanki amthunzi amaphatikizanso zida zachuma monga zotumphukira za OTC zosayendetsedwa. 📉

Mosiyana ndi mabanki azamalonda, mabungwe omwe ali mu shadow banking nthawi zambiri sasonkhanitsa madipoziti ndipo alibe mwayi wobweza ndalama ku banki yayikulu. 💵

Zochita zawo sizimayang'aniridwa kwambiri ndi akuluakulu aboma ndipo zimakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu pakuwongolera. Mkhalidwewu umapangitsa kuti kayendetsedwe kazachuma kachuluke pachiwopsezo cha kusakhazikika.

📍 Kodi banki yamthunzi ndi yayikulu bwanji?

Shadow banking imayimira gawo lalikulu la dongosolo zachuma padziko lonse lapansi. Malinga ndi FSB, mu 2020 zidakwana pafupifupi madola 50 thililiyoni muzinthu, kapena pafupifupi theka la njira zamabanki.

Ku USA, kulemera kwake kuli kokulirapo. Mabanki a Shadow ali ndi ndalama zoposa $ 15 thililiyoni kumeneko. Imalamulira kwambiri mabanki achikhalidwe.

Nkhani yoti muwerenge: Kugula malo atsopano kapena akale ❓

Ku Europe, UK ndi komwe kuli likulu lazachuma lalikulu kwambiri, lomwe lili ndi katundu wopitilira 3 thililiyoni. Kenako Switzerland, Luxembourg ndi Ireland.

Ngakhale zovuta kuwunika ndendende, kukula chikoka cha mthunzi banki si osakayikira. Ziwopsezo zomwe zingachitike zimadetsa nkhawa owongolera, makamaka momwe machitidwe ake amabanki akuchulukira.

📍 Ndi ndani omwe ali osewera ofunikira pakusungitsa mthunzi?

Mabanki a Shadow amabweretsa pamodzi mabungwe osiyanasiyana. Nazi zina zofunika kwambiri:

• Zolingalira za hedge funds 📉, yogwira ntchito kwambiri m'misika yam'tsogolo komanso zotuluka zowopsa.
• Ndalama za msika wa ndalama 💵, yomwe imapereka ntchito pafupi ndi mabanki koma popanda chitsimikizo cha anthu.
• Makampani a Brokerage ndi malonda othamanga kwambiri 💻, omwe ntchito zake siziwonekera bwino.
• Les ndalama zina zoikamo ndalama ⚖️, ndi njira zovuta zomwe zimathawa malamulo wamba.
• Les mabungwe opangidwa 🏢, monga magalimoto ad hoc omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mabanki kuchotsa zinthu zowopsa pamapepala awo.

Okhazikitsa mabungwe amphamvu monga ndalama za penshoni 👴👵 amakhalanso ndi malo otchuka.

📍 Kodi kuwopsa kwa banki yamthunzi ndi chiyani?

Ngakhale zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kusiyanitsa magwero azandalama, mabanki amthunzi silili lopanda ngozi. Zowopsa zake zazikulu ndi:

• Un kuchuluka kwambiri 📈📉, mabungwe amithunzi omwe sakuyenera kutsata zomwe mabanki amafunikira.
• Un kusowa chowonekera 🔍, zochitika zambiri zomwe zikuthawa udindo wofalitsa zidziwitso.
• Kuyimitsidwa kwa malipiro unyolo pakagwa vuto ⛓, palibe wobwereketsa womaliza yemwe akuperekedwa mosiyana ndi momwe mabanki amakhalira.
• une kufalikira kwa chiopsezos 💥 ku gawo loyang'anira mabanki, chifukwa cha kukula kwa maulalo pakati pa machitidwe awiriwa.
• des mwayi wochulukira za kubera ndalama zonyansa 💰, chifukwa chosowa kuyang'anira madera ena osadziwika bwino azachuma.
• des zoopsa zokhudza dongosolo 💥💥 pakagwa mwadzidzidzi dongosolo losawoneka bwino, monga momwe zasonyezedwera ndi vuto la 2008.

📍 Kodi zomwe zachitika posachedwa ndi zotani?

Pambuyo pavuto lazachuma, owongolera adayesetsa kuwongolera bwino mabanki amithunzi, ndi zotsatira zochepa.

FSB idapanga malingaliro mu 2011 kuti aziwunika momwe mabanki amagwirira ntchito ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake. Zina zakhazikitsidwa, monga udindo wopereka malipoti otuluka.

Nkhani yoti muwerenge: Neobanks ndikuchepetsa ndalama zamabanki

Koma ambiri owongolera akhungu mawanga amakhalabe. Kugwirizana kofunikira kwapadziko lonse lapansi kumatsutsana ndi zofuna zosiyanasiyana za mayiko akuluakulu. Pali njira yayitali yoti tipitirire pakuwongolera moyenera mabanki amithunzi!

📍 Kodi ntchito ya shadow banking muvuto la 2008 inali yotani?

Mabanki amthunzi adathandizira kwambiri kuyambitsa ndi kufalitsa mavuto azachuma a 2007-2008.

Mabungwe ambiri amithunzi monga magalimoto opangira zida zapadera (SIVs, makoswe, etc.) adalumikizidwa ndi msika wa subprime US mortgage womwe unayambitsa vutoli. Iwo anali kugula adapeza ngongole zoyipa pa mabanki.

Pamene subprime msika anagwa, magalimotowa analephera kukonzanso malo awo ndipo anasowa. Kupatsiranako kudafalikira kumabanki achikhalidwe. 💥💥

Hedge funds nawonso adakulitsa vutoli kudzera m'malingaliro a CDS. Ndalama za msika wandalama zidayimitsidwa kwambiri pakuwombola, zomwe zimafunikira kulowererapo kwa anthu.

Chochitika ichi chikuwonetsa momwe kusokonekera kwa banki yamthunzi kungatheke kusokoneza dongosolo lonse zachuma ndi chuma chenicheni.

📍 Tsogolo lakubanki lamthunzi ndi chiyani?

Ngakhale pali zoopsa, mabanki amthunzi ayenera kupitiriza kukula m'zaka zikubwerazi.

Chiwongola dzanja chochepa komanso kufunafuna zokolola ziyenera yambitsani dongosolo losayendetsedwa, zopindulitsa kwambiri koma osakhazikika.

Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo monga blockchain kungalimbikitsenso kuwonekera kwazinthu zatsopano zachuma zomwe zimathawa owongolera azikhalidwe.

Vuto lidzakhala bwino kuphatikiza mthunzi banki kuyang'anira zachuma padziko lonse lapansi, popanda kulepheretsa zatsopano. Ntchito yotopetsa yomwe idzafuna mgwirizano wamayiko ambiri!

🏁 Kutseka

Kukula kwa banki yamthunzi kumawonetsa kufunika kowongolera bwino zochitika zapadziko lonse zowopsa zachuma. Zolakwika m'dongosololi zikuyenera kuwongoleredwa kuti tipewe zovuta zatsopano ngati zomwe zidachitika mu 2008.

Shadow Finance sali okonzeka kutha, koma ziyenera kuphatikizidwa bwino mu maukonde onse owongolera. Kuwonetsetsa kwake ndi kuyang'anira kuyeneranso kulimbikitsidwa. Oyang'anira akadali ndi ntchito yawo kwa iwo!

Nkhani yoti muwerenge: Tsegulani 100% akaunti yakubanki pa intaneti

Dziko lazachuma ikusintha mosalekeza. Masewera a mphaka ndi mbewa pakati pa ochita pamithunzi ndi akuluakulu akuyenera kupitiriza, pakati pa madera a imvi ndi kuyesa malamulo. Dziwani izi: mthunzi wakubanki uli ndi tsogolo lowala m'zaka zikubwerazi!

Koma musanachoke, nayi Momwe Mungapangire Bizinesi Yosatsutsika