Yintoni omele uyazi malunga neebhondi njengendlela yokuxhasa ngemali

Xa ufuna imali, uya kumaziko emali uyokucela imali-mboleko. Xa amashishini okanye iiarhente zikarhulumente zidinga imali eninzi, bakhupha iibhondi.

Into yokuqala efika engqondweni xa uthetha malunga nokutyalomali yimarike yemasheya. Kuyinyani ukuba ilizwe leequity linika umdla. Iintshukumo zentengiso zisasazwa kumaphephandaba nakumabonakude.

Iibhondi, kwelinye icala, azikho njenge-sexy. I-jargon ejikeleze olu hlobo lwemveliso yezemali ingabonakala ingabonakali kubantu abangaziqhelanga. Ukongeza, iibhondi zininzi ngakumbi "cushy”, ngakumbi ngexesha lemarike yenkomo, xa zibonakala zibonelela ngembuyekezo engabalulekanga xa kuthelekiswa nezabelo zamashishini ezingenanzala emisiweyo.

Kweli nqaku, siya kukwazisa ukuba yintoni ibhondi kunye nendlela onokuyisebenzisa ngayo. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba siqale, nantsi Wenza imali ngamava akhe kwinethiwekhi yoluntu?

Masihambe !!

🚀 Yintoni ibhondi?

Ibhondi lukhuseleko lwetyala olukhutshwa yimibutho (inkampani, ugunyaziwe wendawo okanye urhulumente).

Xa elinye lala maziko (uRhulumente, uluntu okanye inkampani) lifuna inkxaso-mali, izixa elingathanda ukuba nalo lisenokufuna ubukho bababolekisi abaliqela.

Ngokuthenga ibhondi, unokuba ngomnye waba batyalwayo, ngamanye amazwi, ngokuthatha inxaxheba ekuthengeni inxalenye yetyala.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Itekhnoloji kunye nezixhobo zokuphucula ulawulo lweshishini

Ekuvuthweni, ukongeza kwimali eya kuhlawulwa kuwe, umkweliti ngamaxesha athile uyavuma ukukuhlawula (ngonyaka, rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, ngekota nganye okanye nyanga zonke) ngokusekelwe kumlinganiselo wenzala owubekileyo.

🚀 Umzekelo wotyalo-mali lwebhondi

Iziko linqwenela ukufumana imali-mboleko ye-10 yezigidi zeeyuro. Uthatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa imali-mboleko yebhondi enexabiso elimiselweyo.

Ukuqwalasela ukuba isixa sikhulu, uyahlula le mboleko kwizabelo ze-1 ze-£ 000 nganye. Oko kwathiwa, nayiphi na ibhondi ekhutshiweyo iya kuxabisa i-10 £. Emva koko, ibeka inzala kwi-5% kubomi bemali mboleko yeminyaka eyi-10.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Amaqhinga okulawula ixesha elifanelekileyo

Ukuba ufuna enye yeebhondi zakhe, ke unokhetho lokufumana enye.

Ke ukuba umvuzo wenziwa minyaka le, uya kufumana i-500 yeedola ngonyaka iminyaka eli-10. Kunyaka weshumi, umboleki uya kukubuyisela i-£ 500 eyongezwe kwi-£ 10 yakho yokuqala. Ngoko ke uya kuba nomvuzo we I-£ 5000 iyonke kwiminyaka eyi-10 (£ 500).

🚀 Iintlobo zeebhondi

Kukho iindidi ezininzi zeebhondi ezinokwahlulwa ngokwexesha lokuphila okanye ngokwemiqathango yentlawulo yekhuphoni:

Iibhondi ezinezinga elimiselweyo

Kule meko, isixa-mali sexesha, sokuhlawulwa kwenzala kunye nelo khuphoni limisiwe ngexesha lokukhutshwa kwesi bhondi. Umvuzo okwisibophelelo ke ngoko rhoqo ngokuhamba kwexesha imbuyekezo yokuqola.

Iibhondi ezinezinga eliguquguqukayo

Apha, isixa sekhuphoni siya kuxhomekeka ekuguqukeni kwezinga lemarike (njengereyithi ye-interbank efana ne-Euribor) eyongezwayo kwizinga elimiselweyo.

Kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba ukuhamba kwexabiso lemarike kuyahluka ngesiseko sexesha eliqhelekileyo.

Iibhondi ezinekhuphoni zero

Ngalo lonke ixesha lokuphila kwebhondi, olu hlobo lwebhondi aluvelisi ikhuphoni.

IiBonds zeKhuphoni enye

Isixa sekhuphoni kule meko sixhaswa ngemali ngokupheleleyo kwaye ihlawulwa ngokuthe ngqo ekuvuthweni kwale bhondi.

Iibhondi ungaziguqulela kwii-stocks

Apha, iibhondi ozithengayo zinokutshintshwa ngezabelo kwinkampani ekhuphayo ngokusekwe kwimigaqo enikezelweyo xa kukhutshwa ibhondi.

🚀 Isigama seBond

Ngokwezibophelelo, amagama achanekileyo asetyenziswa:

• Isidluliseli. Lo ngumbutho okanye inkampani ethengisa iibhondi.
• umgangatho wobuso. lixabiso lokuhlawula ukufumana ibhondi.
• Umgangatho wenzala ; lo ngumlinganiselo obekwe ngumniki.
• Umhla wokugqibela ; eli lixesha lemali-mboleko.
• Ikhuphoni; le yinzala ehlawulwa ngumboleki. Eli gama liza ngenxa yokuba izatifikethi zebhondi ngamanye amaxesha zihambelana namakhuphoni anokushenxiswa ekufuneka abatyali-mali banikezele ngokutshintshiselana kwenzala. Namhlanje, izatifikethi zigcinwa kwirejista yombane.

🚀 Umyinge we-actuary yebhondi

Eli zinga lenza kube lula ukuthelekisa inzuzo yeebhondi. Ngokomzekelo, ibhondi enye Ixesha leminyaka emi-5 kwaye inika a 8% ikhuphoni ayinanzuzo ngokupheleleyo kunomnye weminyaka emi-5 esoloko inekhuphoni ye-5%.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Imingeni kunye namathuba kwicandelo lezentengiso

njalo uxanduva lwesi-8%. ingabiza kwaye inikeze imbuyekezo yeactuarial encinci. Ukuba i-8% yebhondi icaphula i-115%, iya kuba nesivuno sokuvuthwa kwe-4.575% ngonyaka.

Oku kuhambelana nokusebenza kwithuba leminyaka emi-5 yotyalo-mali kunye notyalo-mali lokuqala lwe-euro eyi-115, ekunika i-euro eyi-8 ngonyaka kwaye oku iminyaka emi-5 kwaye ikubuyisela i-euro eyi-100 ekupheleni.

Kwelinye icala, ukuba i-5% bond quotes 99%, iya kuba nesivuno sokuvuthwa kwe-502%. Ngoko ke kunomdla ngakumbi ukutyala i-euro ezingama-99 ukuze ufumane i-euro ezi-5 ngonyaka kangangeminyaka eli-5 kwaye ufumane i-euro ezili-100 ekuvuthweni.

Ngombulelo kwireyithi ye-actuary yebhondi, unokuthelekisa ixabiso lesivuno sayo kolunye utyalo-mali.

🔰 Iinzuzo zebhondi

Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba kutheni kufuneka batyale imali kwiibhondi kunamanye amathuba.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Iindlela zovavanyo lokwaneliseka kwabathengi

Siza kukubonisa uncedo oluthile lokutyala imali kwiibhondi.

• Kwiibhondi, ubukhulu becala, olu hlobo lotyalo-mali ayinikezeli ukungaqiniseki (imali, umhla wokubuyiswa kwenkunzi kunye nomvuzo ophakathi).
• Ngamabhondi, unokhetho fumana umvuzo ophezulu kwezo zibonelelwa ngotyalo-mali lwexeshana elifutshane, kwaye oku, kunye nenqanaba elisezantsi lomngcipheko kunolo lubonakaliswe lutyalo-mali lwe-equity. Lo mvuzo unomtsalane kakhulu, umlinganiselo womniki uphantsi.
• Iibhondi zibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zabatyalo-mali abafuna ingeniso ngethuba lokukhawuleza imbuyekezo enomtsalane.
• Utyalo-mali kwiibhondi, ingakumbi iibhondi zikarhulumente ze-OECD, ziyenzeka ngeemali ezingephi kwaye zifikeleleka kumntu wonke.
• Ukongeza kwinto yokuba ingeniso yesiqhelo, iibhondi zinethuba lokuvelisa inzuzo eyinkunzi xa amaxabiso emarike esiba ngaphantsi kunalawo ebhondi ebanjiweyo.
• Ngokungafaniyo notyalo-mali, iibhondi zidla ngokuxoxisana kwimarike yesibini nangaliphi na ixesha ngokuxhomekeke kumbane okhoyo.

🔰 Iingozi zokuthenga ibhondi

Ukutyala imali kwiibhondi akukho mngcipheko omncinci kunotyalo-mali kwimarike yemasheya.

Kodwa ukuthenga iibhondi akukho ziphoso, nangona kunjalo kubandakanya imingcipheko ethile ekufuneka uyiqaphele:

• Ukunyuka kweqondo lenzala : xa inzala inyuka, oku kubangela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ixabiso leebhondi liwe. Akusoloko kucetyiswa ukuba uthengise iibhondi zakho xa izinga lenzala linyuka.
• Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso : kungenzeka ukuba oku kudlule isivuno sebhondi ukuze izinga lilungiswe. Ngelo xesha, nabani na ozibambayo uyalahlekelwa.
• Ukutshona komniki-mali : kusenokwenzeka ukuba inkampani yabucala ekhuphe iibhondi izibone ikwimeko apho ingakwaziyo ukuhlonipha intlawulo yenzala kwaye ikwazi ukuhlawula imali ekufanele ihlawulwe.
• Ukuwa kwimarike yebhondi : abo babambe iibhondi baya kubona utyalo-mali lwabo ngokukhawuleza balahlekelwa yixabiso. Ngelo xesha, baya kunyanzeleka ukuba bazithengise ngelahleko.

🔰 Izisombululo zotyalo-mali lwebhondi?

Sineendlela ezininzi zokutyala imali kwiibhondi.

• Tyala kwiimali zebhondi ; kolu hlobo lotyalo-mali, inkunzi iqinisekisiwe kwaye inika uzinzo nokhuseleko.
• Utyalo-mali kwiibhondi yi-ETFs ; trackers okanye ETFs ziindlela zokuzibeka kwimarike yebhondi. Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo, kuba ngo-2022 ii-ETF zabala ngaphezu kwe-38% yemarike yaseYurophu.
• Tyala ngokuthe ngqo kwiibhondi ; sesinye sezona zisombululo zifikelelekayo, ezingenakufikelelwa kubatyali-zimali abathengisayo, kuba kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo ixabiso lebhondi kunye nenyaniso yokuba ufuna ipotifoliyo eyohlukeneyo kakhulu.

🔰 Ukuvala

Ibingumbuzo kuthi kweli nqaku ukuba sibonise kuwe ukuba yintoni isibophelelo, sathetha ngeembophelelo ezahlukeneyo, imigaqo yokuyisebenzisa ekusebenzeni kwayo. Siyathemba ukuba ngoku ungasenza isigqibo sokuba uyatyala na okanye ungatyala imali kwiibhondi.

🔰 Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo

Luyintoni uphawu lweqhina?

Ungabonakalisa ibhondi ngohlobo lwayo, ihlelo, ixabiso lobuso, ixabiso, ixesha, indlela yokukhulula kunye nesivuno.

Uthini umahluko phakathi kwebhondi kunye nesitokhwe?

Ibhondi yinxalenye yemali-mboleko ekhutshwa luluntu kurhulumente okanye inkampani yabucala, kwelinye icala isabelo liqhezu lenkunzi kwinkampani.

Yintoni eyona njongo yeqhina?

Nabani na okhupha iibhondi angazisebenzisa ngenjongo yokuboleka imali kwimarike yezemali. Abo bathenga iibhondi bahlawulwa ngenzala kwaye baya kufumana ixesha elinikeziweyo ekukhutshweni kwembuyekezo yabo.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Indlela yokuphumelela kwiprospecting yedijithali?

Sigqibile, siyathemba ukuba ukufunda eli nqaku kuvule amehlo akho kuzo zonke iindawo ezingwevu xa kufikwa kwiibhondi.

Ukuba kunjalo, nceda uthumele izimvo zakho ukuze sibone ukuba singaphucula njani ukuze sikukhonze ngcono kwixesha elizayo.

Ungalibali ukwabelana nabahlobo bakho kunye nabantu obaziyo ukuze nabo bazuze kuyo.