Yintoni imarike yesibini?

Ukuba ungumtyali-mali, umrhwebi, umrhwebi, njl. uya kuba sele uvile ngemakethi yesibini ngoku. Le marike iyayichasa imarike yokuqala. Enyanisweni, luhlobo lwemarike yezemali eququzelela ukuthengiswa nokuthengwa kwezibambiso ezikhutshwe ngaphambili ngabatyalo-mali. Ezi ziqinisekiso ngokuqhelekileyo zizitokhwe, iibhondi, amanqaku otyalo-mali, ikamva kunye nokhetho. Zonke iimarike zorhwebo ngokunjalo Ukufundiswa kwezifundo zihlelwa njengeemarike zesibini.

Ngokungafaniyo nemarike yokuqala, amaxabiso ezibambiso ezithengiswayo zihlala zimiselwa kwangaphambili kwiimarike zesibini. Kweli nqaku, ndiza kukwazisa ngokufutshane ukuba yintoni imarike yesandla sesibini. Kodwa ngaphambili, nalu uqeqesho oluhlawulelwayo olukuvumela ukuba qalisa ngoqeqesho lwe-intanethi.

Isebenza njani imakethi yesibini?

Iimarike zesibini zisetyenziselwa ukuthengisa izitokhwe. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iindlela ezininzi zokusetyenziswa kwezi marike. umzekelo, iimarike zesibini ziququzelela ukurhweba kweemali ezihlangeneyo kunye nokuthengwa kwe Iimali zokubambisa ziinkampani zikarhulumente. Igama elithi iimarike zesibini linokusetyenziswa ngokufanayo kunye neemarike eziququzelela ukuthengiswa kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo.

Ukongezelela, namhlanje inkcazo yemarike yesibini iye yanda ukuze ibandakanye utshintshiselwano lwe-cryptocurrency. Kumxholo wemarike yesibambiso, imakethi yesibini ithiywe ngolo hlobo kuba iququzelela utshintshiselwano lwesibini olubandakanya izibambiso.

Umahluko phakathi kweemarike eziziiprayimari nezizisekondari

Imarike ephambili yimarike yezemali eququzelela ukuthengiswa kwempahla okanye ibhondi ekhutshwe okokuqala yinkampani ngokuthe ngqo kubatyalo-mali. Umzekelo oqhelekileyo wentengiselwano yemalike yokuqala ngumnikelo woluntu wokuqala (IPO).

I-IPO ibandakanya ukuthengiselana ngokuthe ngqo phakathi komthengisi, okuyibhanki yotyalo-mali ebhala phantsi umnikelo, kunye nomthengi, ongumtyali-mali othenga i-IPO. Umsebenzi onjalo we-IPO wenziwa kuphela imarike yokuqala.

Ngokwahlukileyo, imarike yesibini yimarike yezemali eququzelela ukuthengiselana okwenzeka phakathi kwabatyali-mali. Ngokomzekelo, umtyalo-mali othenge i-stake kwinkampani nge-IPO unokukhetha ukuthengisa izabelo zabo kwabanye abatyali-mali kwimarike yesibini. Inokubonwa kumzekelo ongasentla ukuba akukho nkampani ekhuphe i-IPO,

Ukulungisa amaxabiso ezibambiso kwimarike yesibini

Ngokungafaniyo neemarike eziphambili apho amaxabiso ezinto ezithengiswayo ehlala exelwa kwangaphambili, amaxabiso emalike yesibini abonakaliswa ngamandla orhwebo asisiseko okubonelela kunye nemfuno. Kwimpahla ebonisa amandla aphezulu okunyuka kwixabiso kwixesha elizayo, ixabiso layo langoku lemarike liya kunyuka.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Yintoni omele uyazi malunga nezalathi zemarike yemasheya?

Kwelinye icala, ukuba inkampani ibonisa umvuzo ongaphantsi koqikelelo lwabatyali-mali, ayithandwa ngabatyali-zimali kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ixabiso layo lemarike liyehla.

Izabelo zabucala kwiimarike

Iimalike zesibini zabucala zezabelo zezabelo ziimalike zemali eziququzelela ukuthengiswa nokuthengwa kwezibophelelo zotyalo-mali ebezikhutshwe ngaphambili kwiimali zezabelo zabucala. Imarike yangasese ye-NASDAQ kunye neSekondariLink yimizekelo yeemarike zesibini zabucala eziye zavela ekuqaleni kwale nkulungwane ngenxa yeSarbanes-Oxley Act ka-2002.

Amanqaku aPhambili kwiMarike

Abatyali-mali kwimarike yesibini yorhwebo kunye. Inkampani ayibandakanyekanga kwaphela kwaye akufanele ihambelane nezikhokelo ze-SEBI.

Abatyalomali bayaqonda ukuba ukurhweba kweemarike zesibini kuxhomekeke ekuguquguqukeni okuphezulu, okubangela inxalenye ebalulekileyo yomngcipheko weemarike.

Umngcipheko wemarike kukulumkisa abatyali-mali malunga nokuphulukana nemali yabo, besazi ukuba urhwebo lwesibini lwentengiso luvelisa imbuyekezo ephezulu kwaye lwenza imali ngokukhawuleza kwiseshini yokurhweba ye-intraday.

Uninzi lwezixhobo ze-stock market zixutywe kwiimali ezihlangeneyo, apho abanomdla abancinci / abaqalayo / abatyali-mali abanolwazi oluncinci banokuthatha inxaxheba ngokungathanga ngqo kwiimarike ukwenza imali kwixesha elide.

Izitokhwe kwimarike yesibini zithengiswa ngamaxesha amaninzi ngexabiso eligqitywe ngamandla emarike, ngokungafaniyo neemarike eziphambili.

Iintlobo zeeMarike zeSekondari

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeemarike zesibini kwaye ukusebenza kwazo kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubume bazo kunye neentlobo zee-asethi ezithengiswayo. Mhlawumbi uvile ngezinye iimarike zesibini, ezifana notshintshiselwano lwesitokhwe esidumileyo. Makhe sihlolisise ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zeemarike zesibini, ngemizekelo:

Ukufundiswa kwezifundo

Izitokhwe zoluntu ezithengiswa ngokutshintshiselana ezifana neNew York Stock Exchange (NYSE) okanye i-NASDAQ yorhwebo kwimarike yesibini. Urhwebo lusingathwa ngabarhwebi abasebenza kunye nabenzi beemarike ukubonelela ngeebhidi kunye nokucela amaxabiso kubatyali-zimali kunye namaziko. Ukuba ufuna ukufunda ngakumbi malunga iimarike stock, cofa kule link.

Izixhobo zoMvuzo osisigxina

Izixhobo zengeniso ezinzileyo, ukusuka kwiibhili ze-treasury ukuya kwiibhondi zenkampani, lonke urhwebo kwimarike yesibini. Imakethi yebhondi, nangona kunjalo, ayivuleki kwaye iyilwelo njengemarike yemasheya. Ungafane ufumane isicatshulwa sexesha langempela kwibhondi. Endaweni yoko, usebenza ngabalamleli abafana nabarhwebi.

Iibhondi zikhutshwa ngokomlinganiselo. Emva koko, xa sele bekwimarike yesibini, amaxabiso abo ayatshintsha ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nekhredithi, iimeko zemarike kunye umgangatho wenzala.

Iimali zokubambisa

Iimali zokubambisa ngokwezobugcisa ziseti ephantsi yokhuseleko lwengeniso esisigxina, kodwa kukho umahluko owaneleyo wokuba bazuze icandelo labo. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe, ngokuqhelekileyo nje ukuba imali yakho ebolekwayo yenziwe, ithengiswa ngumbolekisi kumsebenzisi wemarike ukuba ibe yimarike yesibini yokubambisa. Umthengi ke amaqela amatyala okubambisa ibe yintloko enye kwaye uyithengise kubatyali-mali abathenga ingeniso.

Imali mboleko yamashishini amancinci

Iimali mboleko zamashishini amancinci ezixhaswa ngurhulumente nazo zinokudityaniswa kwaye zithengiswe kubatyali-mali, kanye njengeemali zokubambisa. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo ngenkqubo yemali mboleko yoLawulo lwamaShishini amaNcinci. Iibhanki zikhupha imali-mboleko kwaye emva koko zithengise inxalenye ekhuselweyo kwimarike yesibini kwiziko lezemali elidibanisa iimali-mboleko.

Imarike yesibini ibonelela ngentlawulo eqinisekisiweyo yokuhlawula kubatyali-mali kwaye ivumela iibhanki ukuba zithengise iimali-mboleko kwi-premium ekhawulezayo. Iibhanki zinokuphuma ziboleke imali kwakhona.

Iinkampani zabucala

Abasebenzi abafumana izabelo zeenkampani zabucala (okuthetha ukuba akukho zabelo kurhweba ngazo kwi-stock exchange kawonke-wonke) badla ngokukufumanisa kunzima ukuthengisa izabelo ukuba bafuna ukunyusa imali yokuhlawula irhafu okanye ngenxa yesinye isizathu. Xa abanini-zabelo bavunyelwe ukuba bathengise izabelo, bakwenza oko ngeemarike zesibini ze-intanethi apho abatyali-mali abavunyiweyo baya kuthatha izabelo ezandleni zabo.

Abathengi kule meko baquka abantu abanexabiso eliphezulu, oongxowankulu bamashishini, iimali zehedge, iifemu zabucala, kunye nabatyali-zimali bamaziko.

Sishiyele izimvo zakho. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uhambe, nalu uqeqesho lweprimiyamu oluya kukunceda ukuba ulawule iimali zakho zobuqu.