Indima yebhanki enguvimba kuqoqosho oluphuhlayo?

Ibhanki enguvimba kuqoqosho idlala indima yemveli kunye nezingezizo ezemveli. Umsebenzi wayo wendabuko kukusebenza njengerhuluneli yezixhobo zekhredithi ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwexabiso. Ilawula umthamo wetyala kunye nemali, ukupompa imali eninzi xa imarike imfutshane kwi-liquidity kunye nokufunxa imali xa kukho ikhredithi engaphezulu.

Imisebenzi ephambili yemveli into ezalisekisayo kukulawula umba wenqaku, ibhanki karhulumente, ibhanki yeebhanki, umbolekisi wento yokugqibela, umlawuli wetyala kunye nokugcinwa kwezinga lotshintshiselwano oluzinzileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, imisebenzi yayo engeyiyo eyemveli yeyokufaka isandla kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwamazwe. Isishwankathelo, nantsi imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yebhanki ephakathi. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uqale, nalu uqeqesho lweprimiyamu oluya kuthi ikuvumela ukuba wazi zonke iimfihlo zokuphumelela kwiPodcast.

???? Ukudalwa kunye nokwandiswa kwamaziko emali

Enye yeenjongo zebhanki enguvimba kukuphucula inkqubo yemali kunye namatyala elizwe. Iibhanki ezingakumbi kunye namaziko emali kufuneka enziwe ukuze abonelele ngamaziko okuthenga ngetyala amakhulu kunye nokuguqula ukonga ngokuzithandela kumajelo anemveliso.

Amaziko emali abekwe kwizixeko ezikhulu kumazwe asakhasayo kwaye abonelela ngezibonelelo zetyala kumafama, amasimi, izindlu ezinkulu zoshishino kunye nezorhwebo.

Ukukhawulelana noku, ibhanki enguvimba kufuneka yandise iibhanki zamasebe ukuya kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ukuze yenze ukuba kufumaneke imboleko kumafama, oosomashishini abasakhasayo kunye nabarhwebi. Kumazwe asakhasayo, iibhanki zorhwebo ukunika kuphela iimali-mboleko zexesha elifutshane.

Amaziko okuthenga ngetyala kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ubukhulu becala awekho. Ekuphela komthombo ngumbolekisi-mali waselalini obiza inzala eninzi.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Inkqubo yezemali yamaSilamsi ejongene nokudityaniswa kwehlabathi

Ukubamba kombolekisi welali ezilalini kunokupheliswa ukuba amalungiselelo amatsha enziwe yibhanki enguvimba ukuze abonelele amafama ngetyala lexesha elifutshane, eliphakathi nelide ngenzala ephantsi. Uthungelwano lwemibutho yamatyala entsebenziswano kunye neebhanki eziphezulu ezixhaswa ngemali yibhanki enguvimba zinganceda ukusombulula ingxaki.

Ngokunjalo, inokuncedisa ekusekweni kweebhanki ezikhokelayo kwaye, ngazo, iibhanki zengingqi zasemaphandleni ukubonelela ngamafama angathathi ntweni, abasebenzi bezolimo abangenamhlaba kunye namanye amacandelo abuthathaka.

Ngobutyebi obuninzi enabo, ibhanki enguvimba inokunceda ukuseka iibhanki zoshishino kunye neenkampani zemali ukuxhasa amashishini amakhulu namancinci.

???? Ukulingana okufanelekileyo phakathi kwemfuno kunye nokunikezelwa kwemali

Ibhanki ephakathi idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubangeleni uhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo phakathi kweemfuno kunye nokunikezelwa kwemali. Ukungalingani phakathi kwezi zimbini kubonakala kwinqanaba lexabiso. Ukunqongophala konikezelo lwemali kuya kuthintela ukukhula ngelixa i-excession iya kukhokelela ekwenyukeni kwamaxabiso.

Njengoko uqoqosho lukhula, imfuno yemali inokuthi inyuke ngenxa yokwenza imali ngokuthe ngcembe kwecandelo elingenzi mali kunye nokunyuka kwemveliso yezolimo neyemizi-mveliso kunye namaxabiso.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Iibhanki ezikwi-Intanethi: zisebenza njani?

Imfuno yemali yeentengiselwano kunye neenjongo eziqikelelwayo nazo ziya kwanda. Ukunyuka kwemali ke ngoko kuya kufuneka ukuba kube ngaphezu komlinganiselo wokunyuka kwemfuno yemali ukuze kuthintelwe ukunyuka kwamaxabiso. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukunyuka kwemali kuya kusetyenziselwa iinjongo eziqikelelwayo, eziya kuthintela ukukhula kwaye kubangele ukunyuka kwamaxabiso.

Ibhanki enguvimba ilawula ukusetyenziswa kwemali kunye nekhredithi ngomgaqo-nkqubo wemali ofanelekileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, kuqoqosho oluphuhlayo, ibhanki ephakathi kufuneka ilawule ukunikezelwa kwemali ngendlela yokuba inqanaba lexabiso alikwazi ukunyuka ngaphandle kokuchaphazela kakubi utyalo-mali kunye nemveliso.

???? Ipolisi yezinga lenzala efanelekileyo

Kwilizwe elisaphuhlayo, inqanaba lenzala likwinqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu. Kukwakho iyantlukwano enkulu phakathi kwamazinga enzala yexesha elide kunye nexesha elifutshane kunye naphakathi kwenzala kumacandelo ahlukeneyo oqoqosho. Ubukho benzala ephezulu kuthintela ukukhula kotyalo-mali, lwabucala nolukarhulumente, kuqoqosho oluphuhlayo.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Uyenza njani imali kwi-Instagram ngo-2021?

Izinga lenzala okuphantsi ke ngoko kubalulekile ukukhuthaza utyalo-mali lwabucala kwezolimo nakushishino. Njengakumazwe asakhasayo, oosomashishini banemali encinane yokulondoloza kwimivuzo egciniweyo, kufuneka baboleke kwiibhanki okanye kwiimalike ezinkulu ngeenjongo zotyalo-mali kwaye baya kuboleka kuphela ukuba izinga lenzala liphantsi.

Umgaqo-nkqubo wenzala ephantsi ukwabalulekile ukukhuthaza utyalo-mali lukarhulumente. Umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yomdla low yipolisi yemali etshiphu. Kwenza ukuba ukuboleka kukawonke-wonke kungabizi mali ininzi, kugcina iindleko zokuhlawula ityala likarhulumente ziphantsi kwaye ngaloo ndlela kube negalelo ekuxhaseni ngemali uphuhliso loqoqosho.

Ukunqanda ukuhamba kwezibonelelo kwiimali-mboleko eziqikelelwayo kunye notyalo-mali, ibhanki ephakathi kufuneka ilandele umgaqo-nkqubo wezinga lenzala yocalucalulo, ukuhlawula amaxabiso aphezulu kwiimali-mboleko ezingabalulekanga kunye nezingaqhubekiyo kunye namazinga aphantsi okuqhuba iimali-mboleko. Kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba ugcino luyinzala enwebekayo kuqoqosho oluphuhlayo e.

Kuba inqanaba lengeniso lisezantsi kolu qoqosho, inzala ephezulu akufunekanga inyuse umdla wokonga. Kwimeko yokukhula koqoqosho, njengoko uqoqosho lukhula, ukunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe kwinqanaba lexabiso akunakuphepheka. Ixabiso lemali liyancipha kwaye ukuthanda ukonga kuyancipha ngakumbi.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Iingcebiso ezili-1 zemali kubantu abasanda kutshata

Iimeko zemali ziyaqina kwaye izinga lenzala lithande ukunyuka ngokuzenzekelayo. Oku kuya kubangela ukuba umusa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso. Kwimeko enjalo, nayiphi na inzame yokulawula ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ngokunyusa izinga lenzala iya kuba yintlekele. Inqanaba lexabiso elizinzile ngoko ke liyimfuneko kwimpumelelo yomgaqo-nkqubo wezinga lenzala ephantsi onokugcinwa ngokulandela umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali onengqiqo webhanki enguvimba.

???? Ulawulo lwetyala

Ulawulo lwamatyala ngomnye wemisebenzi ebalulekileyo yebhanki enguvimba kwilizwe elisaphuhlayo. Kufuneka ijolise ekuqinisekiseni ixesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokukhutshwa kweebhondi zikarhulumente, kuzinzise amaxabiso azo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokuhlawula ityala likarhulumente. Yibhanki enguvimba eyenza ukuthengisa nokuthenga iibhondi zikarhulumente kwaye itshintshe ubume kunye nokwakhiwa kwamatyala karhulumente ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Ukuze komelezwe kwaye kuzinziswe imarike yebhondi karhulumente, umgaqo-nkqubo wenzala ephantsi ubalulekile. Kuba, izinga lenzala eliphantsi liphakamisa ixabiso leebhondi zikarhulumente, lizenza zibe nomtsalane ngakumbi kuluntu kwaye zinike inkuthazo kwiinkqubo zikarhulumente zokuboleka imali.

Ukugcina inqanaba lenzala ephantsi kukwacelwa ukuba kucuthwe iindleko zokusevisa ityala lesizwe.

???? Ulawulo lwetyala

IBhanki Embindini nayo kufuneka ijolise ekulawuleni ityala ukuze ikwazi ukuphembelela utyalo-mali kunye neepatheni zemveliso kuqoqosho oluphuhlayo. Injongo yayo ephambili kukulawula uxinzelelo lokunyuka kwamaxabiso okwenzeka ngexesha lenkqubo yophuhliso. Oku kufuna ukuba kusetyenziswe iindlela zokubeka iliso lobungakanani betyala.

imisebenzi yemarike evulekileyo asilele ukulawula ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kumazwe asakhasayo ngenxa yokuba imarike yemali engamaphepha incinci kwaye iyaphuhla. Iibhanki zorhwebo zigcina umlinganiselo wediphozithi ye-elastic cash kuba ulawulo lwebhanki enguvimba aluphelelanga. Bakwathandabuza ukutyala imali kwizibambiso zikarhulumente ngenxa yenzala yabo ephantsi.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Nanga amacebiso ali-14 okutyeba ngokukhawuleza

Kwakhona, endaweni yokutyala imali kwizibambiso zikarhulumente, bakhetha ukugcina oovimba babo bekwimo engamanzi njengegolide, iimali kunye nemali. Iibhanki zorhwebo nazo azisetyenziselwa ukukhupha imali kwakhona okanye ukuboleka kwibhanki ephakathi.

Umgaqo-nkqubo wentlawulo yebhanki nawo awusebenzi kangako ekulawuleni amatyala kwii-LDCs ngenxa:

• a) ukungabikho kwamakhuphoni esaphulelo;
• b) ubungakanani obumxinwa bemarike yebhondi;
• c) icandelo elikhulu elingenzi mali apho utshintshiselwano lwenzeka khona;
• d) ubukho bemalike yemali enkulu engacwangciswanga;
• e) ubukho beebhanki zemveli ezingawathobiyo amatyala kwiibhanki ezingoovimba;
• f) umkhwa weebhanki zorhwebo ukugcina imali enkulu yokugcina imali.

Ukusetyenziswa komlinganiselo wolondolozo oluguquguqukayo njengendlela yolawulo lwamatyala kusebenza ngakumbi kunemisebenzi yeemarike ezivulelekileyo kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wezinga lebhanki kwii-LDC. Ekubeni i-securities market incinci kakhulu, imisebenzi yemarike evulekileyo iyasilela.

Kodwa ukonyuka okanye ukuhla kwereyithi yogcino yibhanki enguvimba kunciphisa okanye ukonyusa imali ekhoyo kwiibhanki zorhwebo ngaphandle kokwenzakalisa amaxabiso okhuseleko.

Kwakhona, iibhanki zorhwebo zigcina oovimba abakhulu bemali abangenakuncitshiswa ngokunyuka kwezinga lebhanki okanye ngokuthengiswa kwezibambiso yibhanki ephakathi. Kodwa ukonyuka komlinganiselo wogcino lwemali yokuhlawula amatyala kunciphisa i-liquidity kwiibhanki. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa komlinganiselo wolondolozo oluguquguqukayo kunemida ethile kwii-LDC.

ubedlala, abameli bezemali abangengabo-bhanki abazigcini iidiphozithi kwibhanki ephakathi kwaye ke abachatshazelwa yiyo. Okwesibini, iibhanki ezingakugciniyo ukuhlawula amatyala okugqithisileyo azichatshazelwa njengazo zikwenzayo.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Indima yomcebisi wezezimali kwishishini lakho

Amanyathelo olawulo lwetyala asemgangathweni, nangona kunjalo, asebenza ngakumbi kunamanyathelo obungakanani ekuphembeleleni ulwabiwo lwetyala kwaye kungoko kubume botyalo-mali. Kumazwe asakhasayo, kukho utyekelo olomeleleyo lokutyala imali kwigolide, ubucwebe, isitokhwe, izindlu, njl.

Ulawulo lwetyala olukhethiweyo lufaneleke ngakumbi ekulawuleni nasekunciphiseni amaziko entengo yemboleko ngezi njongo zingenamveliso. Olu lawulo luluncedo ekulawuleni imisebenzi eqikelelwayo kwiinkozo zokutya kunye neemveliso. Zijika zibe luncedo ngakumbi ekulawuleni "iingxaki zecandelo" loqoqosho.

Banciphisa imfuno yezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ngokufuna abathumeli bangaphandle ukuba bafake kwangaphambili isixa esilingana nexabiso lemali yangaphandle. Oku kukwanefuthe lokunciphisa oovimba beebhanki njengoko iidiphozithi zabo zikhutshelwa kwiibhanki ezingoovimba kwinkqubo.

Amanyathelo akhethiweyo olawulo lwetyala angathatha uhlobo lokutshintsha kweemfuno zomda kwiintlobo ezithile zesibambiso, ukulawulwa kwetyala lomthengi, kunye nomlinganiselo wetyala.

???? Ukusombulula ibhalansi yengxaki yeentlawulo

Ibhanki ephakathi kufuneka kwakhona ijolise ekuthinteleni nasekusombululeni ibhalansi yengxaki yeentlawulo kuqoqosho oluphuhlayo. Olu qoqosho lujongene nobunzima obumandundu beentlawulo ekuphumezeni iinjongo zezicwangciso zophuhliso. Kudalwa ukungalingani phakathi kwempahla ephuma kumazwe angaphandle kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle okuqhubeka ukuba banzi ngophuhliso.

Inqaku elifundwayo: Izicwangciso ezingcono zemali ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo

Ibhanki enguvimba ilawula kwaye ilawule iimali zelizwe kwaye ikwasebenza njengomcebisi karhulumente kwezobuchwephesha kumgaqo-nkqubo onaniso lwangaphandle. Kuxhomekeke kwibhanki ephakathi ukuphepha ukuguquguquka kwexabiso lokutshintsha kunye nokugcina uzinzo.

Ikwenza oku ngolawulo lotshintshiselwano kunye nokwahluka kwireyithi yezaphulelo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ixabiso lemali yelizwe liyaqhubeka nokuhla, oku kunokunyusa izinga lesaphulelo kwaye ngaloo ndlela kukhuthaze ukungena kwemali yangaphandle.

???? Isishwankathelo...

Ngaloo ndlela, ibhanki enguvimba idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufezekiseni ukukhula koqoqosho lwelizwe elisaphuhlayo ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo ahlukeneyo axoxwe ngasentla. Kufuneka ikhuthaze ukukhula koqoqosho oluzinzileyo, incede ukuphumeza ukuqeshwa okupheleleyo kwemithombo yobutyebi, yoyise ibhalansi yokungalingani kwentlawulo kwaye izinzise amazinga otshintshiselwano.

Ngaphambi kokuba uhambe, nalu uqeqesho olukuvumela ukuba wenze njalo master yorhwebo ngeyure nje 1. Cofa apha ukuze uyithenge.