Yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga nezatifikethi zediphozithi

Kwihlabathi lotyalo-mali kunye nokonga, iSatifikethi seDipozithi (CD) lukhetho oludumileyo nolukhuselekileyo lwe yenza imali yakho ikhule. Nokuba ungumtyali-mali onamava okanye ufuna nje indlela ekhuselekileyo yokukhulisa ukonga kwakho, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukungena nokuphuma kwezatifikethi zedipozithi.

Kweli nqaku, siza kukuhamba ngayo yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nesatifikethi sediphozithi, kubandakanya nendlela abasebenza ngayo, iingenelo kunye nemida yabo, ukuze ukwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezizizo xa kufikwa kulawulo lwemali yakho.

Masihambe !!

🥀 Yintoni isatifiketi sedipozithi?

Les isatifikethi sediphozithi zizixhobo zemali ezibonelelwa ngamaziko ebhanki kunye neemanyano zamatyala. Bavumela abatyali-mali ukuba bafake isixa esimiselweyo semali kwixesha elimiselweyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka emininzi. Ukutshintshela le diphozithi, iziko lezemali lihlawula inzala kwizinga elimiselweyo lobomi besatifikethi sediphozithi.

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zezatifikethi zeediphozithi zabo sécurité. Kuba iiCDs zidla ngokukhutshwa ngamaziko emali alawulwayo, zijongwa njengotyalo-mali olunomngcipheko ophantsi.

Ukongezelela, iidiphozithi ezenziwe kwiizatifikethi zeediphozithi zihlala zi-inshurensi ngamaziko karhulumente, anikezela ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo kwiilahleko ezinokubakho.

Izatifikethi zediphozithi nazo zibonelela uzinzo ezemali. Ekubeni izinga lenzala limiselwe ubomi beCD, abatyali-mali bazi kwangaphambili isixa esichanekileyo abaya kuyifumana ekuvuthweni. Oku kuvumela ukucwangciswa kwemali okuchanekileyo kwaye kunokuba nomtsalane ngakumbi kwabo bafuna ukufikelela kwiinjongo zexesha elifutshane okanye eliphakathi.

Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba izatifikethi zeediphozithi zinokuba nazo imida. Ngokomzekelo, ngokutshintshela ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza okunikezelwa ngeeCDs, imbuyekezo ihlala iphantsi kunezinye, iindlela ezinobungozi botyalo-mali.

Ukongezelela, iimali ezifakwe kwisatifikethi sediphozithi zihlala zivaliwe ngexesha lexesha elikhethiweyo, oku kuthetha ukuba abanakurhoxiswa ngaphambi kokuvuthwa ngaphandle kwesohlwayo.

🥀 Zisebenza njani izatifikethi zedipozithi

Ukutshintshana ngokufaka imali yakho ebhankini kangangexesha elithile (elidla ngokubizwa ngokuba lixesha okanye ixesha), ibhanki ihlawula inzala esisigxina eliqhele ukuba phezulu kunamaxabiso anikezelwa kwii-akhawunti zokonga.

Xa ixesha liphelile, ufumana imali oyifakile (inqununu) kunye nayo nayiphi na inzala eyongeziweyo. Ukuba ufuna ukufikelela kwiimali zakho phambi kokuphela kwexesha leCD, uphantsi kwesohlwayo sokurhoxisa kwangoko, esinokuyinciphisa kakhulu inzala oyifumene kwiCD.

Ii-CD ziyafumaneka ngokwemiqathango eyahluka-hlukeneyo kwaye zinokufuna ibhalansi eyahlukileyo eyahlukileyo. Izinga lenzala oyifumanayo ngokubanzi iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubude bexesha kunye nesixa semali kwi-akhawunti.

Ngokubanzi, ixesha elide kunye nemali eninzi oyifakileyo, iphezulu ireyithi oyinikwayo. Ixesha elide alifuni ibhalansi enkulu encinci.

Njengee-akhawunti zokulondoloza, ii-CD zifumana inzala ehlanganisiweyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ngamaxesha athile inzala oyizuzayo iyongezwa kwinqununu yakho. Emva koko, le mali entsha iyonke ivelisa inzala, njalo njalo.

Ngenxa yenzala ehlanganisiweyo, kubalulekile ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwezinga lenzala kunye nepesenti yesivuno sonyaka (APY). Inzala imele inzala emiselweyo oyifumanayo, ngelixa i-APY ibhekisa kwisixa osifumana ngonyaka, kuthathelwa ingqalelo inzala edibeneyo.

🥀 Indlela yokukhetha isatifikethi sediphozithi

Xa ukhetha isatifikethi sediphozithi (CD), kubalulekile ukuqwalasela izinto ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba wenza ukhetho olulungele iimfuno zakho zemali kunye neenjongo. Nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa usenza ukhetho lwakho:

Ubude beCD

Izatifikethi zeediphozithi zinexesha elimiselweyo, ngokubanzi ukusuka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka emininzi. Cinga ukuba unokukwazi ixesha elingakanani ukuvala imali yakho.

Ukuba unezicwangciso zexeshana elifutshane, khetha iCD yexesha elifutshane. Ukuba ujonge ukukhula kwexesha elide, iCD yexesha elide inokufaneleka ngakumbi.

Umgangatho wenzala

Thelekisa inzala enikezelwa ngamaziko ahlukeneyo emali. Jonga unikezelo olukhuphisana kakhulu ukuze ukwandise lokuwina kwakho. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba amazinga enzala anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha le-CD kunye nemali egciniweyo.

Umgaqo-nkqubo wokuhlaziya

Buza ngomgaqo-nkqubo wokuhlaziya iCD. Ezinye ii-CD zihlaziywa ngokuzenzekelayo ekukhuleni, ngelixa ezinye zifuna isenzo kwicala lakho. Qinisekisa ukuba uyayiqonda imiqathango yohlaziyo nokuba uyafuna na ukuqhubeka neCD enye okanye ujonge ezinye iinketho.

Izohlwayo zokurhoxa kwangoko

Khangela izohlwayo ezinokusebenza ukuba ufuna ukutsala imali yakho phambi kokuba iCD ivuthwe. Izohlwayo zinokunciphisa lokuwina kwakho, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele oku phambi kokuba wenze isigqibo.

I-inshurensi ye-FDIC

Qinisekisa ukuba iziko lemali elikhupha iCD likhuselwe yiFederal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) eUnited States okanye iziko elifanayo kwilizwe lakho. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iidiphozithi zakho zikhuselwe ukuya kutsho kwisixa esithile kwimeko apho iziko lezemali lithe lasilela.

Iinjongo zemali

Qwalasela iinjongo zakho zemali. Ukuba ujonge uzinzo kunye nokhuseleko, i-CD yomgangatho osisigxina inokuba ngcono. Ukuba uzimisele ukuthatha umngcipheko othe chatha ukuze ufumane imbuyekezo ephezulu, ungaqwalasela ii-CD ezinamaxabiso aguquguqukayo okanye adityaniswe nemarike.

🥀 Izatifikethi zediphozithi zomthengisi

Nangona iiCD ezininzi zithengwa ngokuthe ngqo kwiibhanki, iifemu ezininzi zokuthengisa kunye nabathengisi abazimeleyo nabo banikezela ngeeCD. Aba bantu kunye nemibutho, ebizwa ngokuba " idiphozithi brokers , maxa wambi unokuthethathethana ngezinga eliphezulu lenzala yeCD ngokuthembisa ukubonelela ngesixa esithile seedipozithi kwiziko. Umthengisi wediphozithi anganikezela ezi " IiCD ezithengiswayo »kubathengi bayo.

Jonga ngononophelo imvelaphi yomniki okanye umthengisi wediphozithi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iCD ivela kwiziko elaziwayo. Abarhwebi bediphozithi abanalayisenisi okanye abaqinisekiswanga, kwaye akukho rhulumente okanye arhente yomanyano ibaxhasayo.

Ekubeni nabani na onokuthi abe ngumthengisi wediphozithi, hlala ujonga ukuba idiphozithi ye-deposit broker okanye inkampani ayisebenzelayo inembali yezikhalazo okanye ubuqhetseba. Abathengisi bediphozithi abaninzi banxulumana neengcali zotyalo-mali.

🥀 Iintlobo zezatifikethi zediphozithi

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezatifikethi zeediphozithi (CDs) ezinokuhlangabezana neemfuno kunye neenjongo zemali. Nazi ezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo:

✔ Ireyithi esisigxina yeCD

Olu hlobo lweCD lubonelela ngenzala emiselweyo ngexesha lediphozithi. Oku kuthetha ukuba wazi kwangaphambili isixa esichanekileyo oza kusifumana ekuvuthweni. Ii-CD zezinga elimiselweyo zithandwa ngenxa yozinzo kunye nokuqikelelwa kwazo.

✔ Umyinge oguquguqukayo weCD

Ngokungafaniyo nee-CD zomlinganiselo omiselweyo, ii-CD zomlinganiselo oguquguqukayo zinemilinganiselo yenzala enokuguquguquka ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zemarike. Izinga lenzala lisenokuhlenga-hlengiswa ngamaxesha athile, ngokwesiqhelo ngokusekwe kwibenchmark efana neprime rate.

Ii-CD zomgangatho oguquguqukayo zibonelela ngamaxabiso aphezulu ukuba izinga lenzala liyenyuka, kodwa zikwanomngcipheko wokuba amaxabiso azokwehla.

✔ I-CD ilinganisiwe

NgeCD eneleli, ufaka izixa-mali kwiimali ezahlukeneyo, nganye inenzala yayo.

Ngokomzekelo, unokubeka inxalenye yemali yakho kwi-CD yexesha elifutshane enezinga lenzala ephantsi kunye nenye inxalenye kwi-CD yexesha elide enezinga eliphezulu lenzala. Oku kukuvumela ukuba udibanise utyalo-mali lwakho kwaye wandise imbuyekezo yakho.

✔ Ukunyusa iCD yesivuno

Ukunyuswa kwee-CD zesivuno zibonelela ngenzala enyuka kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngokomzekelo, i-CD yesivuno ekhulayo inokuba nesantya senzala esezantsi ekuqaleni, kodwa esonyuka ngonyaka ngamnye kubomi bediphozithi.

Oku kunokuba nomtsalane ukuba uceba ukubamba iCD yakho ixesha elide kwaye ufuna ukwandisa umvuzo wakho.

✔ I-CD yokuhlawula kwangaphambili

Ezinye ii-CDs zibonelela ngamathuba okukhululwa kwangoko ngaphandle kwesohlwayo phambi komhla wokuvuthwa ocwangcisiweyo. Oku kunokuba luncedo ukuba ufuna ukufikelela kwiimali zakho ngaphambi kokuphela kwexesha, kodwa kubalulekile ukujonga imigaqo ethile enxulumene nokuhlawula kwangaphambili.

✔ I-CD enesalathisi

IiCD ze-Index ziboshwe kwisalathisi esithile semarike, njenge-S & P 500 okanye i-Dow Jones. Imbuyekezo isekelwe ekusebenzeni kwesi salathiso, esinokuthi sinikeze iinzuzo eziphezulu, kodwa kunye nomngcipheko owandisiweyo.

Les IiCD ezinezalathisi ingaba nomtsalane kubatyali-mali abafuna ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiintshukumo zeemarike ngelixa bexhamla kukhuseleko oluthile lwenkunzi.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo iimpawu ezithile kunye nemigaqo yodidi ngalunye lweCD ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo sotyalo-mali.

🥀 Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo kwiSatifikethi seDipozithi

Nangona isatifikethi sediphozithi sithathwa njengesixhobo esiluqilima sotyalo-mali, nabo banamandla abo kunye nobuthathaka obufuna ukuqwalaselwa. Nalu uluhlu lweenzuzo kunye neengozi zesatifikethi sediphozithi ekufuneka uziqwalasele:

✔ Iinzuzo zesatifikethi sediphozithi

Amagama aguquguqukayo: Imigaqo kunye nemali enokuthi ifakwe kwi-CD iyaguquguquka. Ukuba awukakulungeli ukubopha imali yakho ixesha elide, unokukhetha ngokulula ixesha elifutshane. Ekupheleni kweCD, ungayihlaziya loo CD okanye uqalise entsha.

Ukhuseleko: Ii-CD ezifumaneka kwiziko eli-inshorensi karhulumente zidla ngokukhuselwa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-250 yeedola. Oku kususa umngcipheko omkhulu kutyalo-mali.

Imbuyekezo engcono kunee-akhawunti zokulondoloza: Ekubeni umnini-CD engavumelekanga ukuba akhuphe imali ngokukhululekileyo njengabanini-akhawunti yokonga, i-CD idla ngokuba nexabiso kwiziko lezemali. Ngesi sizathu, izinga lenzala elinikwa umnini-CD liphezulu kune-akhawunti yokonga eqhelekileyo.

Ukukhetha okubanzi: Ungafumana iCD enokuvuthwa kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo kumaziko ahlukeneyo emali. Ngenxa yeyantlukwano yeeCD, abatyali-mali banokufumana iCD ehlangabezana neemfuno zabo.

Imbuyekezo ezinzileyo neqikelelwayo: Umtyali-mali unokuqiniseka ngokufumana imbuyekezo ethile ngexesha elithile. Nokuba amazinga enzala ehla kuqoqosho olubanzi, izinga le-CD liya kuhlala lingatshintshi. Uya kuba nako ukumisela ngokulula izinga lokukhula kwebhalansi yakho, ukwenza ucwangciso lwezemali lube lula.

✔ Izinto ezingeloncedo kwiSatifikethi seDipozithi

Ubuncinci bemali yokuhlawula amatyala: Umnini-CD akakwazi ukufikelela kwimali yakhe ngokulula njengeakhawunti yokonga yemveli. Ukukhupha imali kwi-CD ngaphambi kokuphela kwexesha kufuna intlawulo yesohlwayo. Esi sohlwayo sinokuthatha uhlobo lokulahlekelwa kwenzala okanye isohlwayo esiyintloko.

Ukwandisa ukuguquguquka, umtyalo-mali unokudala i-CD Ladder, equlethwe ngama-CD anemihla eyahlukeneyo yokuvuthwa kunye nemimiselo. Ngesicwangciso somgangatho, unokhetho oluninzi lokufikelela kugcino lweCD yakho ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo.

Umngcipheko wokunyuka kwamaxabiso: Iireyithi zeCD zinokuba ngaphantsi kunezinga lokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Oku kuthetha ukuba imali yakho inokuphulukana namandla ayo okuthenga ekuhambeni kwexesha ukuba ingeniso yenzala igqithiswa ngamazinga okunyuka kwamaxabiso.

Ngala mancedo kunye neengozi engqondweni, kububulumko ukuqwalasela ukuba iipros zeCD ngokubanzi zigqithise iingozi. IiCD zikuvumela ukuba ukhulise ukonga kwakho ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Unokuthelekisa ngokulula iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeCD usebenzisa izixhobo ze-intanethi, kwaye unokufumana eyona ifanele iimfuno zakho.

🥀 Isishwankathelo….

Isiqinisekiso sediphozithi sisixhobo esidumileyo nesikhuselekileyo sezemali sokukhulisa imali yakho. Banikezela ngokhetho lotyalo-mali olunomngcipheko ophantsi, onenzala esisigxina okanye eguquguqukayo, ngokuxhomekeke uhlobo lweCD ekhethiweyo.

Ngokuqonda i-ins kunye nokuphuma kwezatifikethi zeediphozithi, unokwenza izigqibo ezizisiweyo zokulawula iimali zakho kwaye ufezekise iinjongo zakho zemali.

IiCD ziyabonelela ukhuseleko lwemali kunye nokuzinza, kunye nesiqinisekiso sokubuyisela imali yakho yokuqala kunye nokufumana inzala rhoqo ngexesha lediphozithi. Bafaneleke ngokukodwa abantu abafuna ukukhula kwexesha elifutshane okanye eliphakathi, ngelixa begcina ukhuseleko lwenkunzi yabo.

Xa ukhetha isatifikethi sediphozithi, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela izinto ezifana nexesha leCD, izinga lenzala, imigaqo-nkqubo yokuhlaziya, kunye nezohlwayo zokurhoxiswa kwangaphambili. Ngokuthelekisa unikezelo oluvela kumaziko ahlukeneyo emali, unokufumana iCD efanele iimfuno kunye neenjongo zakho.

Ndishiye zonke iinkxalabo zakho kwizimvo.