Konke malunga nenkunzi yokusebenza

Inkunzi esebenzayo namhlanje kunzima ukuqonda ngezinye iinkampani. Ukwazi ukuba ishishini lifana nelo loliwe, lifuna amafutha ukuze liqhubele phambili. Imali yokusebenza ke ngoko le ipetroli efunwa yinkampani.

Nguye onika ithuba lokuba inkampani ivelise ixabiso kwaye iqhubeke nokuphuhlisa. Sineempawu zeemoto ezidla kakhulu kunabanye, ngamanye amaxesha ziyawohloka.

Kuyafana namashishini. Ukuba awufuni ukuzifumana uphelelwa yigesi embindini wendlela okanye uqhekeka, kuya kufuneka uthathe isitokhwe sakho. Ukufuna imali.

Kweli nqaku sikuxelela yonke into malunga nenkunzi yokusebenza (FR). Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba siqale, nantsi indlela yokuphuma ematyaleni?

Masihambe!!

🌿 Yintoni i-Working Capital?

IFR nguye umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wempilo yezemali ngokunjalo nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkampani. Imele isixa sempahla yexabiso ekhoyo inkampani enayo ukuxhasa ngemali izibophelelo zayo zexesha elifutshane kunye nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.

Iimpahla zangoku ziquka imali, ii-akhawunti ezifunyenweyo (imali etyalwa ishishini ngabathengi balo) kunye ne-inventri (impahla ethengiswayo).

Kwelinye icala, izibophelelo zexesha elifutshane, ezaziwa ngokuba ngamatyala angoku, ziquka ii-akhawunti ezihlawulwayo (imali inkampani eyityala ababoneleli bayo), umvuzo kunye nemivuzo, kunye neerhafu. Inkunzi esebenzayo ibalwa njenge ukuthabatha amatyala angoku kwii-asethi zangoku.

Un RF positive ibonisa ukuba inkampani ine-asethi eyaneleyo ukuhlangabezana nezibophelelo zayo zexesha elifutshane kunye nokuxhasa ngemali imisebenzi yayo. Nangona kunjalo a FR negative ibonisa ukuba ishishini linokuba nobunzima ekuhlawuleni ii-invoyisi zalo ngexesha. Esi salathisi sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi xa uhlalutyo lwemali.

🌿 Uyilawula njani ngempumelelo inkunzi yokusebenza?

Zininzi iindlela amashishini anokusebenzisa ngazo ukulawula ngokukuko imali yawo yokusebenza. Nazi ezimbalwa:

✔️ Ukuphuculwa kwamanqanaba esitokhwe

Ukulawula amanqanaba oluhlu lweempahla ngumba obalulekileyo wolawulo lweRF. Ishishini elinoluhlu olugqithisileyo lunokubophelela izixhobo ezixabisekileyo ezinokusetyenziswa ngokunempumelelo ngakumbi kwenye indawo.

Ngokuchaseneyo, inkampani enegama layo izitokhwe ziphantsi kakhulu inokuba nzima ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yabathengi kwaye iphoswe ngamathuba okuthengisa.

✔️ Uthethathethwano ngamaxesha okuphela kwentlawulo yomthengisi

Amashishini angathethathethana ngeentlawulo ezifanelekileyo kunye nabathengisi babo ukuze baphucule imeko yabo yenkunzi yokusebenza.

Ngokomzekelo, inkampani inokukwazi ukuthetha-thethana ngemigaqo yentlawulo emide ngokutshintshiselana ngeeodolo ezinkulu okanye izaphulelo zevolumu.

✔️ Ukuqokelelwa okuphuculweyo kweeakhawunti zabathengi

Ulawulo lwee-akhawunti ezifunyenweyo ngomnye umba obalulekileyo wolawulo lwenkunzi esebenzayo. Ishishini elikwaziyo ukuqokelela ii-akhawunti zalo ezifunyenwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo liya kuba nenkunzi yokusebenza eyomeleleyo.

✔️Ulawulo lweeakhawunti ezihlawulwayo

Amashishini anokulawula iFR yawo ngokulawula ngononophelo iiakhawunti zabo ezihlawulwayo. Oku kunokubandakanya uthethathethwano ngemiqathango evumayo yokuhlawula nababoneleli-nkonzo, ukuthatha ithuba lezaphulelo zentlawulo phambi kwexesha, kunye nokusetyenziswa kobuchule bolawulo lokungena nokuphuma kwemali obufana nokudibanisa intlawulo kunye nokudityaniswa komthengisi.

✔️Ukuphucula ulawulo lwemali

Ulawulo lwemali olusebenzayo lu kubalulekile ukulawula inkunzi yokusebenza. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuphunyezwa kwezicwangciso-qhinga ezinjengokunciphisa iindleko ezingeyomfuneko, ukulungelelanisa iibhalansi zemali, nokuphumeza inkqubo yoqikelelo lwemali.

✔️ Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zemali 

Iinkampani zisenokusebenzisa izixhobo zemali ezifana namatyala okanye imali-mboleko yexesha elifutshane ukulawula iRF yazo.

Ezi zixhobo zinokubonelela ngomthombo wenkxaso-mali wexeshana ukuhlangabezana nezibophelelo zexesha elifutshane kunye nokuphucula isikhundla seRF yenkampani.

✔️ Sebenzisa ikhonkco lokubonelela ngemali

Inkxaso-mali yesixokelelwano sonikezelo yindlela yenkxaso-mali ebandakanya ukusebenzisa umntu wesithathu ukuxhasa ngezimali ii-akhawunti zenkampani ezihlawulwayo. Oku kunokuphucula imeko ye-FR yenkampani ngokukhulula imali ebinokuthi ibotshelelwe kwiiakhawunti ezihlawulwayo.

🌿 Kutheni ugcina inqanaba elilungileyo lenkunzi yokusebenza?

Kubalulekile ukuba amashishini ahlole rhoqo amanqanaba awo okusebenza. Nazi ezinye izizathu:

✔️ Kumashishini anemisebenzi yexesha elithile

Ishishini elisebenza kwishishini lamaxesha amaninzi kunokufuneka ligcinwe inqanaba eliphezulu leFR ukuqinisekisa ukuba inokungena kwemali eyaneleyo ukuhlangabezana nezibophelelo zayo ngexesha eliphantsi lonyaka.

Ishishini elinomjikelo omde wokusebenza lisenokufuna ukugcina a umgangatho ophezulu weFR ukuqinisekisa ukuba inemali eyaneleyo yokuhlawula iindleko zemisebenzi yayo ngelixa ilindele ukuba iimveliso zayo zithengiswe kwaye ziguqulwe zibe yimali.

✔️ Iinkampani ezinomjikelo omde

Ngokufanayo, inkampani eyenza umjikelo omde wokusebenza inokufuna iRF ephezulu kunenkampani yenkonzo enomjikelo omfutshane wokusebenza.

Ngaphaya koko, inkampani ekwinqanaba eliphezulu lomngcipheko inokufuna inkunzi yokusebenza eqhelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba inezixhobo ezaneleyo zokumelana nezaqhwithi ezinokubakho.

🌿Njani ukubala inkunzi yokusebenza?

Ukubala inkunzi yokusebenza ilula kakhulu. Nje ukuba ufumene iFR, unokutolika isiphumo esifunyenweyo:

✔️ Imali elungileyo yokusebenza 

Ufanelekela intsalela yezibonelelo. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkampani yakho inezixhobo ezongezelelweyo eziyivumelayo ukuba ikwazi ukuxhasa ngezimali iimfuno ezahlukeneyo enokuthi ihlangabezane nazo. Okwangoku, kufuneka uthelekise iFR yakho kwiimfuno zakho zenkunzi yokusebenzela ukuze uqinisekise ukuba imali yakho inokulawula kwaye ihlawule iimfuno zakho.

✔️ Inkunzi yokusebenza engalunganga

Oku kuthetha ukuba wakho ishishini lisebunzimeni kwaye ayinayo imali efunekayo yokuhlawula zonke iimfuno zayo.

Ngeli xesha, kuya kufuneka azame ukuzixhasa ngemali ukuhamba kwemali kwexesha elifutshane. Kule meko, sicebisa ukuba wenze ukonyuka kwenkunzi, okuya kwandisa izixhobo zakho ezikhoyo kwinkampani.

✔️Inkunzi esebenzayo ingu-zero

Oku kubonisa ukuba inkampani yakho inokuhlawulela ngokupheleleyo utyalo-mali lwayo. Kodwa malunga neemfuno zayo zexesha elizayo, akayi kuba nako ukunyamezela.

Ngoko ke, ayisiyiyo ukuma okuhle kakhulu kuya kufuneka ilwe neenkqubo ezivumela ukuba yandise izixhobo zayo, ezifana nokuthatha imali-mboleko yexesha elide. Ngokwenza njalo, iya kukwazi ukugubungela le mfuno kwaye iqhubeke nemisebenzi yayo iimeko ezilungileyo.

⛳️ Yintoni i-normative working capital?

Inkunzi esebenzayo yesiqhelo yile elona nqanaba lisezantsi lenkunzi yokusebenza ekulindeleke ukuba inkampani iyigcine ukuze ikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zayo zemali nezokusebenza. Ibalwa ngokusekelwe kwimigangatho yoshishino kunye neemeko ezithile zenkampani.

Izinto ezininzi zinokuphembelela iFRN yenkampani, kubandakanya ubume bemisebenzi yayo, ubude bomjikelo wayo wokusebenza kunye nenqanaba lomngcipheko onxulumene nemisebenzi yayo. Ukugcina inqanaba elaneleyo lenkunzi yokusebenza eqhelekileyo kubalulekile kwi uzinzo lwemali kunye nempumelelo yexesha elide yeshishini.

Ishishini elinemali engonelanga yokusebenza lisenokusokola ukuhlangabezana nezibophelelo zalo zexesha elifutshane. Kwaye ukungakwazi ukusebenzisa amathuba okukhula kunye nokwandisa.

Kwelinye icala, inkampani enenkunzi yokusebenza okugqithisileyo kunokumosha ubutyebi enokusetyenziswa ngcono ukwenza inzuzo okanye ukuxhasa ngemali olunye utyalo-mali.

🔰 Iindlela zokumisela inkunzi yokusebenza eqhelekileyo

Ibalwa ngokusekelwe kwimigangatho yoshishino kunye neemeko ezithile zenkampani. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ukubala inkunzi yokusebenza eqhelekileyo, kubandakanywa nezi zilandelayo:

Iimbekiselo zoshishino 

Le ndlela ibandakanya ukuthelekisa inkunzi yokusebenza yenkampani ngokuchasene nebenchmarks yoshishino ukumisela ukuba ikwinqanaba elifanelekileyo na..

 umzekelo, inkampani ekwishishini lokuthengisa inokuthelekisa imali yayo yokusebenza kumyinge weshishini ukuze ibone ukuba ingaphezulu okanye ingaphantsi kwesiqhelo.

Umjikelo wokusebenza 

Le ndlela ibandakanya ukubala umjikelo wokusebenza wenkampani kunye nokumisela inani lemali yokusebenza efunekayo ukuxhasa lo mjikelo. Umjikelo wemali lixesha elithathwayo ukuguqula imathiriyeli ekrwada ibe yimpahla egqityiweyo emva koko ibe yimali.

Umlinganiselo wenkunzi esebenzayo 

Le ndlela ibandakanya ukubala ireyishini yenkunzi esebenzayo, engumlinganiselo phakathi kwee-asethi zangoku kunye namatyala akhoyo.

Umlinganiselo wenkunzi esebenzayo we-1,0 ubonisa ukuba inkampani inexabiso elilinganayo lempahla yangoku kunye namatyala, ngelixa umlinganiselo omkhulu kuno-1,0 ibonisa ukuba inkampani inee-asethi zangoku ezininzi kunamatyala, kwaye a umlinganiselo ongaphantsi kwe-1,0 ibonisa ukuba inkampani inamatyala amaninzi kune-asethi.

Umjikelo woGuqulo lwemali

Le ndlela ibandakanya ukubala umjikelo wokuguqula imali. Oko kukuthi, ixesha elithathayo ukuba inkampani iguqule izinto zayo eziluhlaza zibe yimali. Umjikelo wokuguqulwa kwemali ubalwa ngokuthabatha inani leentsuku ezithathayo ukuthengisa uluhlu lweempahla ukusuka kwinani leentsuku ezithathayo ukuhlawula ii-akhawunti ezihlawulwayo.

Indlela yomjikelo wokusebenza

Indlela yecash cycle ibala inkunzi yokusebenza eqhelekileyo. Oku kusekwe kwixesha elithathwa lishishini ukuze liguqule imathiriyeli ekrwada ibe yimpahla egqityiweyo emva koko ibe yimali.

Le ndlela ithathela ingqalelo umjikelo othile wokusebenza wenkampani kunye nenqanaba lomngcipheko ohambelana nokusebenza kwayo.

Ipesenti ezinzileyo yendlela yokuthengisa

Ipesenti esisigxina yendlela yokuthengisa ibala iFRN njengepesenti yeentengiso ezilindelekileyo zenkampani. Le ndlela isekelwe kwingcamango yokuba inani elithile lemali yokusebenza liyimfuneko ukuxhasa iyunithi yokuthengisa nganye.

Indlela ephakathi kweshishini

I-avareji yendlela yoshishino ibala inkunzi yokusebenza eqhelekileyo ngokusekwe kumndilili wamanqanaba enkunzi yokusebenza kwezinye iinkampani kushishino olufanayo. Le ndlela isekelwe kwingcamango yokuba iinkampani ezikwicandelo elifanayo zineemfuno ezifanayo zenkunzi yokusebenza.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba akukho ndlela-nye yokubala iFRN. Amashishini kufuneka athathele ingqalelo imeko yawo ethile kwaye akhethe eyona ndlela ihlangabezana neemfuno zawo.

🌿 Kutheni ibalulekile imali yokusebenza eqhelekileyo?

Ukugcina inqanaba elaneleyo lenkunzi yokusebenza emiselweyo kubalulekile kuzinzo lwezemali kunye nempumelelo yexesha elide yeshishini.

Ishishini elinemali engonelanga yokusebenza lisenokusokola ukuhlangabezana nezibophelelo zalo zexesha elifutshane kwaye lingakwazi ukusebenzisa amathuba okukhula nokwandisa. Oku kunokukhokelela kubunzima bemali okanye kwanokungabikho kwemali.

Oku kunokubangela imbuyekezo yotyalo-mali ephantsi kunye nokuhla kwexabiso labanini-zabelo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukugcina inqanaba elaneleyo lenkunzi yokusebenza eqhelekileyo ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi:

Uzinzo lwemali

Ishishini elinemali engonelanga yokusebenza lisenokusokola ukuhlangabezana nezibophelelo zalo zexeshana kwaye libeke emngciphekweni woxinzelelo lwezemali. Oku kunokukhokelela kubunzima bokufumana inkxaso-mali, ubunzima bokuhlawula amatyala ngexesha, kunye nokubakho nokutshona.

Ukusebenza kakuhle

Imali yokusebenza isetyenziselwa ukuxhasa ngemali imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yeshishini. Ishishini elinemali engonelanga yokusebenza lisenokusokola ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zalo zokusebenza kwaye lingakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle.

Ukukhula kunye nokwandiswa

Ishishini elinemali eyaneleyo yokusebenza liya kuba nezixhobo zokusebenzisa amathuba okukhula nokwandisa. Oku kunokukhokelela ekwandeni kweengeniso kunye nexabiso labanini zabelo.

Ukuzithemba kwabatyali-zimali

Abatyali-zimali kunye nabahlalutyi bezemali bahlala besebenzisa inkunzi yokusebenza ukulinganisa impilo yemali kunye nokuzinza kwenkampani. Inkampani enenqanaba elisempilweni leFRN isenokuthi itsalele utyalo-mali kwaye ivelise ukuzithemba kubatyali-zimali.

Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba iinkampani zilawule ngononophelo inkunzi yazo yokusebenza eqhelekileyo. Oku kuya kubenza bafikelele kwibhalansi enempilo phakathi kobutyebi obaneleyo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwezibonelelo. Oku kunokunceda ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwemali kunye nempumelelo yexesha elide yeshishini.

🌿 FAQ: Konke malunga nenkunzi yokusebenza

✔Zithini iziphumo zokungonelanga kwemali yokusebenza?

Iziphumo zokungonelanga kwe-FR zinokubandakanya uxinzelelo lwezemali, ubunzima bokufumana imali, ubunzima bokuhlawula amatyala ngexesha, okanye ukutshona. Oku kunokukhokelela ekusebenzeni ngendlela engafanelekanga kunye nobunzima bokusebenzisa amathuba okukhula.

✔Ngaba kufuneka ukubalwa kwemali eyinkunzi esebenzayo?

Kanye njengokuba umqhubi wenqwelo-mafutha eyihlola ngobuchule isithuthi sakhe emva kwexesha elithile, ngumphathi weshishini olungileyo kufuneka ihlole impilo yezemali yenkampani yakhe ukuze aqiniseke ukuba unokuhlangabezana nezibophelelo zakhe ngexesha elibekiweyo. Kule nto, esinye sezona zixhobo zingcono kukuzimisela kwenkunzi yokusebenza.

Sigqibile. Siyathemba ukuba imali esebenzayo ayinamfihlo kuwe. Sishiye uluvo lwakho kwizimvo.