Konke malunga neekontraki ezihlakaniphile

Omnye weyona mizekelo ilungileyo yenguqu yedijithali esijongene nayo namhlanje ngumbono weekontraki ezihlakaniphile. Baye baguqula iinkqubo zesiqhelo zokusayina ikhontrakthi zibe ngamanyathelo asebenzayo, afanelekileyo nakhuselekileyo. Kule nqaku ndikuxelela ngakumbi malunga nezivumelwano ezihlakaniphile. Uya kubona indlela yokuyiphumeza kwishishini lakho kunye nokuba zeziphi ezi zibonelelo.

???? Yintoni ikhontrakthi ehlakaniphile?

Igama elithi "ikhontrakthi ehlakaniphile" yaqala yaqulunqwa yinjineli UNick Szabo ngo-1994. Wayichaza “njengekhompyutha ekwaziyo ukwenza amagatya omgaqo wekhontrakthi”.

Ukuyichaza ngendlela elula, uSzabo ngokwakhe wasebenzisa umzekelo wokuthengisa oomatshini, apho omnye wamaqela afaka ingqekembe kwi-slot, aze akhethe imveliso kwaye ekugqibeleni umatshini awuhambise kuye.

Ngoku khawucinge ngokusebenza okufanayo kunye neemveliso zemali, kodwa endaweni yokusebenzisa i-ATM, siya kusebenzisa umatshini obonakalayo ohlala kwi-blockchain.

Apha kulapho intelekelelo yethu inokubaleka ingalawuleki. Akuqhelekanga ukuva ezinye ii-gurus zekhontrakthi ezihlakaniphile zithetha ngelitye lefilosofi elikwaziyo ukusombulula phantse zonke iingxaki zoluntu, ukusuka kwinkohlakalo ukuya kwintlupheko yehlabathi. Ngelishwa, akuyi kuba njalo.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Iimfihlo ezingapheliyo zokuhlawula ngokukhawuleza amatyala akho

Ikhontrakthi ehlakaniphile ayikho into engaphezu kwenkqubo encinci yekhompyutheni. Eyona nto ibahlulayo kwezinye iinkqubo kukukwazi kwabo ukudlulisela ixabiso (imali okanye ezinye izinto zedijithali) ngokomthonyama kwaye ngaphandle kwesidingo sabameli. Iikhontrakthi ze-Smart ziyinxalenye yendlela efanayo iFintech.

???? Ziziphi iikhontrakthi ezihlakaniphile?

Ngamaxwebhu edijithali azenzelayo asebenzisa itekhnoloji ukuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa kwezivumelwano ezisayiniweyo. Zikwabizwa ngokuba ziikhontrakthi ezikrelekrele. Phambi kokwenza uxwebhu, imigaqo yalo nezohlwayo zicwangcisiwe.

Xa amaqela esayina isivumelwano kwi-intanethi, iimfuno zisebenza ngokuzenzekelayo, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuhlawula kunye nokulandelela iinkqubo.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwemigaqo yekhontrakthi ehlakaniphile yenziwa nge-blockchain. I-Blockchain ilandelela idatha ekwabelwana ngayo ngomnye okanye omabini amaqela, ukuvumela unxibelelwano oluthe ngqo kunye nokubonelela ngokhuseleko ngakumbi kwinkqubo kunye ne-encryption. Ngolwazi oluhlaziyiweyo ngokuzenzekelayo kwisivumelwano, izenzo ezifanelekileyo zithathwa ngaphandle komngcipheko wokutshintsha okanye ubuqhetseba.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Wenza ntoni umhlalutyi wezezimali?

Iikontraki ze-Smart zineempawu ze-3, njengoko kuchazwe ngummeli kunye ne-cryptographer u-Nick Szabo.

• Ukuqwalaselwa, esisakhono sokuhlola ukusebenza kwekhontrakthi;
• ukuqinisekiswa, ekungqinwe ngayo ukwenziwa koxwebhu; Ewe
• Ubumfihlo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngabaphathi kuphela abanofikelelo kwinkqubo yomiliselo.

Ngokusebenzisa le ndlela, inkampani ikhululekile kumaziko aphakathi kwaye inenkululeko enkulu yokulawula imicimbi yayo ngendlela ebona isebenza kakuhle kwaye ichanekile kumthengi okanye umthengisi. Ukongeza, ngaphandle komngcipheko wokuphulukana noxwebhu okanye ukuba nentlawulo ye-bureaucratic okanye ingxaki yokucubungula.

???? Yintoni injongo yeekontraki ezihlakaniphile?

Ngokusebenzisa iikhontrakthi ezihlakaniphile, imibutho izama ukwenza ngokuzenzekelayo ukuphunyezwa okukhuselekileyo kwemigaqo yekhontrakthi kunye nemithetho. Ngamanye amazwi, ivumela ukulandelwa kwedijithali kweechords ukusuka ekuqaleni. Ukuveliswa kwamaxwebhu ngokuzenzekelayo kubandakanya idatha yentlawulo emva kotyikityo lwe-elektroniki.

Iikhontrakthi ze-Smart zikwajolise ekuvumeleni umsebenzisi ukuba alawule ukuphela kwekhontrakthi, avelise izikhumbuzo, kwaye enze uphando esebenzisa ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kuxwebhu. Ukongeza, banikezela ngolwimi olwahlukileyo kunesigama esisemthethweni.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Yintoni ingeniso yokwenziwa kunye nendlela yokuyakha?

Njengoko yonke into yenziwa ngeprogramming, amagatya kufuneka acace ukuze inkqubo ikwazi ukutolika kwaye ilandele iingcebiso. Oku kuphelisa iingongoma ezithandabuzekayo kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo zezandla kulawulo lwekhontrakthi, okwenza indlela entsha ikhuseleke kwaye inokwethenjelwa kunendlela eqhelekileyo.

???? Indlela yokufaka isicelo sekhontrakthi ehlakaniphile?

Kukho itekhnoloji eyahlukeneyo evumela inkampani ukuba ilandele ngokufanelekileyo amagatya kunye nemithetho yayo. Iikhontrakthi ze-inshurensi, umzekelo, zifuna isiseko solwazi ukuze sazi iqondo lomngcipheko kunye nenkqubo yokuhlawula edibeneyo yokukhulula ngokuzenzekelayo imbuyekezo xa ifumana ulwazi olunxulumene nebango.

Kukho nezinye izixhobo ezinokusetyenziswa. Bazi :

1.I-Artificial Intelligence

Yonke itekhnoloji eyenza i-automation, idijithali kunye nobukrelekrele budityaniswe kakuhle kwihlabathi leekhontrakthi ezihlakaniphile. Ngokudibanisa kunye neenkqubo zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, unokwazi ukuchonga umngcipheko ohambelana nawo kwaye ude uvimbele ukugqitywa kwekhontrakthi, umzekelo. Jonga eli nqaku ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa.

2. Ifomu ekhokelwayo

Uxwebhu oluKhokelweyo lunokusetyenziswa ukwalathisa amaqela achaphazelekayo kolona hlobo lulungileyo lolungiso lwetyala elithile. Oku kuphucula ukuchaneka kolwazi kwaye kwenza iimpendulo ezikhawulezayo, ukunciphisa ixesha phakathi kokudala amaxwebhu kunye nokusayina.

3. Iintlawulo ze-elektroniki

Iintlawulo ze-elektroniki zivumela ukuqokelelwa ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ukulungiswa kwentlawulo ekupheleni kwekhontrakthi ukuba ukulibaziseka kwentlawulo okuhambelana noxwebhu kuchongiwe.

4. Ukutyikitya okusebenzayo

Ukusayinwa okuphendulayo, inqaku elivumela ukufikelela kuso nasiphi na isixhobo, nokuba singakanani na isikrini okanye ifomathi yoqobo. Kungaphandle kokusondeza okanye iintshukumo ezintsonkothileyo ukujonga ikhontrakthi, nto leyo eyenza ukutyikitya isivumelwano kube lula kwaye kube lula.

Ngapha koko, ukusebenzisa le nkqubo yedijithali kwishishini lakho kuya kukhawulezisa i-invoyisi enxulumene noxwebhu. Nge-app eqhagamshelwe kwiwebhu, unokubeka iliso kwidatha kwaye uthathe inyathelo elihambelana nemigaqo yekhontrakthi.

Yonke into iya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lolawulo olufunwa yinkampani yakho ukulandela amagatya asebenzayo kunye nemithetho. Ubugcisa obahlukeneyo kufuneka bufunyanwe, obufana nedathabheyisi yolwazi ukulawula ikhontrakthi, ukudityaniswa kweenkqubo zeqela lesithathu kunye nokwenziwa ngokusesikweni kwekhontrakthi yedijithali.

Inqaku eliza kufundwa: Ubukrelekrele bezoqoqosho: yonke into ekufuneka uyazi

Ngezi ntlobo zetshekhi, akukho maphepha abandakanyekayo ekuqinisekiseni izivumelwano. Uya kunciphisa iimpazamo kulawulo lwekhontrakthi, ngaphezu kokuba nexesha elilula lokufunda isivumelwano.

???? Iinzuzo zokusebenzisa iiKhontrakthi ezihlakaniphile okanye iiKhontrakthi ezihlakaniphile

• Ukuzimela: nguwe owenza isivumelwano; akukho mfuneko yokuxhomekeka kwi-broker, igqwetha okanye abanye abalamli ukuqinisekisa oku. Ingozi yokuphathwa kakubi ngumntu wesithathu iyapheliswa.
• Thembela : amaxwebhu akho afihliweyo kwirejista ekwabelwana ngayo.
• NONE amaxwebhu akho aphindwa kabini.
• Ukhuseleko: i-cryptography, ufihlo lwewebhusayithi, khusela amaxwebhu akho.
• Isantya: iikontraki smart zisebenzisa ikhowudi software ukwenza ngokuzenzekelayo imisebenzi. Ngaloo ndlela banciphisa inani leeyure kwiinkqubo ezininzi zoshishino.
• Ugcino: Izivumelwano ezihlakaniphile zikuvumela ukuba ugcine imali ngokususa ubukho bomntu ophakathi. Umzekelo, kuya kufuneka uhlawule i-notary ukuze ube lingqina intengiselwano yakho.
• Ukuchaneka: Akunjalo kuphela iikontraki ezizenzekelayo ngokukhawuleza kwaye zingabizi, kodwa zithintela iimpazamo.

???? Izicelo zeekhontrakthi ezihlakaniphile

Iikhontrakthi zinokusetyenziswa kwiindlela ezintsha zenkxaso-mali kunye ne-crowdfunding. Ngokomzekelo, sinokukhutshwa kwamathokheni kwinethiwekhi ye-Ethereum kunye ne-ERC20 izivumelwano zohlobo, ukudalwa kweendlela zokuhlawula ezifana nezo zisetyenziswe yi-Lightning Network okanye ukuhanjiswa kwezoqoqosho ngokubambisana.

Ukongezelela, kukho ithuba lokwenza iziqinisekiso ezinxulumene negalelo elingaphandle kwebhloko, ngokusebenzisa i-oracles okanye iinkonzo "zifake" idatha evela kwihlabathi langaphandle kwi-blockchain ukwenzela ukuba isetyenziswe kwiikontraki ezihlakaniphile.

Nangona kunjalo, iikontraki ezihlakaniphile zikwabeka imingeni emitsha ngokwembono yomthetho. Azikho phantsi kolawulo oluthile kwaye azikho phantsi kokutolikwa.

Yintoni amagqwetha kunye neenjineli ezivumayo kukuba i-blockchains iya kuzisa amathuba amatsha. Bazisa neemodeli ezintsha zoqoqosho kunye notshintsho olukhulu olukwaziyo ukuphucula iinkqubo apho abalamli batsala nzima.